mars (empty) → 0.1.0.0

raw patch · 12 files changed

+1297/−0 lines, 12 filesdep +MonadRandomdep +arraydep +basesetup-changed

Dependencies added: MonadRandom, array, base, bytestring, colour, gloss, mtl, random

Files

• Graphics/Mars/Array.hs +57/−0
• Graphics/Mars/Display2D.hs +28/−0
• Graphics/Mars/Example.hs +111/−0
• Graphics/Mars/Graph.hs +37/−0
• Graphics/Mars/Paint.hs +58/−0
• Graphics/Mars/Ply.hs +94/−0
• Graphics/Mars/ReaderStateRandom.hs +50/−0
• Graphics/Mars/Stamp.hs +52/−0
• Graphics/Mars/Walk.hs +45/−0
• LICENSE +674/−0
• Setup.hs +2/−0
• mars.cabal +89/−0

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@+{-# OPTIONS_HADDOCK hide #-}++{-|+Module      : Graphics.Mars.Array+Description : Array utility functions+Copyright   : (c) Christopher Howard, 2016+License     : GPL-3+Maintainer  : ch.howard@zoho.com+-}++module Graphics.Mars.Array where++import Data.Array.IArray+import Data.Array.IO++safeReadArray :: (Ix i, MArray a e m) => a i e -> i -> m (Maybe e)+safeReadArray a i = do r <- getBounds a+                       if inRange r i+                         then do e <- readArray a i+                                 return (Just e)+                         else return Nothing++boundedWriteArray :: (Ix i, MArray a e m) => a i e -> i -> e -> m ()+boundedWriteArray a i e = do r <- getBounds a+                             if inRange r i+                               then writeArray a i e+                               else return ()++boundedWriteArrayL+  :: (Ix i, MArray a e m) => a i e -> [(i, e)] -> m ()+boundedWriteArrayL a l = sequence_ (map (\(i, e) -> boundedWriteArray a i e) l)++boundedTransform+  :: (Ix i, MArray a e m) => a i e -> i -> (e -> e) -> m ()+boundedTransform a i f = do x' <- safeReadArray a i+                            case x' of+                              Nothing -> return ()+                              Just x -> boundedWriteArray a i (f x)++boundedTransformL+  :: (Ix i, MArray a e m) =>+     a i e -> (e -> t -> e) -> [(i, t)] -> m ()+boundedTransformL a f l =+  sequence_ (map (\(i, e) -> boundedTransform a i (\e' -> f e' e)) l)++rightEdge :: (Ix i, Ix j, IArray a e) => a (i, j) e -> (i, j) -> Bool+rightEdge a (_, c) = let (_, (_, j2)) = bounds a in c == j2++bottomEdge :: (Ix i, Ix j, IArray a e) => a (i, j) e -> (i, j) -> Bool+bottomEdge a (r, _) = let (_, (j1, _)) = bounds a in r == j1++linearIndex :: Num a => ((a, a), (t, a)) -> (a, a) -> a+linearIndex ((i1, i2), (_, j2)) (r, c) = c - i2 + (r - i1) * (j2 - i2 + 1)++width :: (Num j, Ix i, Ix j, IArray a e) => a (i, j) e -> j+width a = let ((_, i2), (_, j2)) = bounds a+          in j2 - i2

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@+{-|+Module      : Graphics.Mars.Display2D+Description : Convience wrappers to display a 2D Gloss Picture on the screen.+Copyright   : (c) Christopher Howard, 2016+License     : GPL-3+Maintainer  : ch.howard@zoho.com+-}+module Graphics.Mars.Display2D where++import Graphics.Gloss++-- |Displays a 'Picture' in a window on the screen.+displayWindow :: (Int, Int) -- ^ width and height of the display area+                 -> Color   -- ^ background color+                 -> String  -- ^ window title+                 -> Picture -- ^ Picture to be displayed+                 -> IO ()+displayWindow (width, height) bg title pic =+  display (InWindow title (width, height) (0, 0)) bg pic++-- |Display a 'Picture' on the screen, in full-screen mode+displayFullscreen :: (Int, Int) -- ^ width and height of the display area+                     -> Color   -- ^ background color+                     -> Picture -- ^ Picture to be dislayed+                     -> IO () +displayFullscreen (width, height) bg pic =+  display (FullScreen (width, height)) bg pic+

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@+{-|+Module      : Graphics.Mars.Example+Description : Provides code examples which can be studied or executed.+Copyright   : (c) Christopher Howard, 2016+License     : GPL-3+Maintainer  : ch.howard@zoho.com++Run an example function to view an image, or study the function source code for+to see how the library can be used.+-}+module Graphics.Mars.Example where++import Graphics.Gloss+import Data.Array.Unboxed+import Graphics.Mars.Paint+import Graphics.Mars.Graph+import Graphics.Mars.Display2D+import Graphics.Mars.Ply++-- |Generates an example random walk array and displays it as a 2-dimensional+-- intensity graph+--+-- @+-- example2D :: IO()+-- example2D = do a <- graph height width radius walkfactor seed iterations scalefactor+--                displayWindow (width, height) black \"Mars\"+--                  (toImage a (lightnessInt hue (minMax (elems a))))+--   where (width, height) = (300, 300)+--         radius = 30+--         walkfactor = 30+--         seed = 9484+--         hue = 272+--         iterations = 200+--         scalefactor = 1+-- @+example2D :: IO()+example2D = do a <- graph height width radius walkfactor seed iterations scalefactor+               displayWindow (width, height) black "Mars"+                 (toImage a (lightnessInt hue (minMax (elems a))))+  where (width, height) = (300, 300)+        radius = 30+        walkfactor = 30+        seed = 9484+        hue = 272+        iterations = 200+        scalefactor = 1++-- |Generates a random walk array, converts it PLY ascii format, and output the+-- PLY to a file called \"out.ply\".+--+-- @+-- examplePly = do a <- graph height width radius walkfactor seed iterations scalefactor+--                 writeFile \"out.ply\" $ (toPly . surface) a+--   where (width, height) = (400, 400)+--         radius = 10+--         walkfactor = 10+--         seed = 4748830300+--         iterations = 400+--         scalefactor = 1+-- @+examplePly :: IO ()+examplePly = do a <- graph height width radius walkfactor seed iterations scalefactor+                writeFile "out.ply" $ (toPly . surface) a+  where (width, height) = (400, 400)+        radius = 10+        walkfactor = 10+        seed = 4748830300+        iterations = 400+        scalefactor = 1++examplePly2 :: IO ()+examplePly2 = do a <- graph height width radius walkfactor seed iterations scalefactor+                 writeFile "out2.ply" $ (toPly . surface) a+  where (width, height) = (400, 400)+        radius = 10+        walkfactor = 10+        seed = 84934+        iterations = 400+        scalefactor = 1++examplePly3 :: IO ()+examplePly3 = do a <- graph height width radius walkfactor seed iterations scalefactor+                 writeFile "out3.ply" $ (toPly . surface) a+  where (width, height) = (400, 400)+        radius = 10+        walkfactor = 10+        seed = 49409484+        iterations = 2000+        scalefactor = 1++examplePly4 :: IO ()+examplePly4 = do a <- graph height width radius walkfactor seed iterations scalefactor+                 writeFile "out4.ply" $ (toPly . surface) a+  where (width, height) = (600, 600)+        radius = 10+        walkfactor = 20+        seed = 1829384+        iterations = 4000+        scalefactor = 1++-- |Warning: Large output file with 1 million vertices! May take a+-- while to complete, with 40000 iterations.+examplePly5 :: IO ()+examplePly5 = do a <- graph height width radius walkfactor seed iterations scalefactor+                 writeFile "out5.ply" $ (toPly . surface) a+  where (width, height) = (1000, 1000)+        radius = 15+        walkfactor = 15+        seed = 74830949937+        iterations = 40000+        scalefactor = 0.5

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@+{-|+Module      : Graphics.Mars.Graph+Description : Brings together the random walk and graph stamping functionaliy.+Copyright   : (c) Christopher Howard, 2016+License     : GPL-3+Maintainer  : ch.howard@zoho.com++Use the 'graph' function here to generate the raw graph array data based on+various parameters.+-}+module Graphics.Mars.Graph where++import Data.Array.IO+import Data.Array.Unboxed+import Graphics.Mars.Stamp+import Graphics.Mars.Walk+import System.Random++-- |Beginning in the center, follows a random walk path, and stamps a circle+-- shape onto the array at each step. Internally uses a mutable unboxed array+-- for efficiency, but returns the results in a frozen array.+graph+  :: Int      -- ^ height (array rows)+     -> Int   -- ^ width (array columns)+     -> Float -- ^ stamped circle radius+     -> Float -- ^ jitter factor of walk, usually nearly the same as radius+     -> Int   -- ^ a seed value for the random number generator+     -> Int   -- ^ numbers of steps to take in random walk+     -> Float -- ^ magnification factor+     -> IO (UArray (Int, Int) Float)+graph height width radius walkfactor seed iterations scalefactor+  = do a <- (newArray ((0, 0), (height, width)) 0.0 :: IO (IOUArray (Int, Int) Float))+       stampL a (circleStamp (radius * scalefactor) :: UArray (Int, Int) Float)+         (take iterations+          [ (round (f1 + (fromIntegral height) * 0.5), round (f2 + (fromIntegral width) * 0.5))+          | (f1, f2) <- walk walkfactor (0, 0) (mkStdGen seed) ])+       freeze a

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@+{-|+Module      : Graphics.Mars.Paint+Description : For converting array data into images.+Copyright   : (c) Christopher Howard, 2016+License     : GPL-3+Maintainer  : ch.howard@zoho.com+-}+module Graphics.Mars.Paint+       ( Interpretation+       , minMax+       , lightnessInt+       , toImage+       ) where++import Data.ByteString+import Data.Colour.RGBSpace+import Data.Colour.RGBSpace.HSL hiding (hue, lightness)+import Data.Word+import Graphics.Gloss.Data.Picture+import Data.Array.IArray+import Data.Foldable+import Data.Array.Unboxed++ratioToByte :: RealFrac a => a -> Word8+ratioToByte r = round (r * 255) :: Word8++-- |Determines the minimum and maximum values in a data structure+minMax :: (Num a, Ord a, Foldable t) => t a -> (a, a)+minMax mx = Data.Foldable.foldr f (0, 0) mx+  where f a (minim, maxim) = if a < minim+                             then (a, maxim)+                             else if a > maxim+                                  then (minim, a)+                                  else (minim, maxim)++-- |A type of function converting a floating point data value into a color's+-- ByteString+type Interpretation = Float -> ByteString++-- |Color interpretation of data as a variation of on the lightness of a single+-- hue+lightnessInt :: Float             -- ^ Hue in degrees, between 0 and 360+                -> (Float, Float) -- ^ the lowest and highest data values,+                                  -- needed for the lightness calculation+                -> Interpretation+lightnessInt hue (lpeak, hpeak) x =+  let lightness = (x - lpeak) / (hpeak - lpeak)+      rgb = hsl hue 1 lightness+      (red, green, blue) = (channelRed rgb, channelGreen rgb, channelBlue rgb)+  in pack [ratioToByte red, ratioToByte green, ratioToByte blue, 1]++-- |Converts an array of floating point values into a Gloss Picture, using a+-- color Interpretation+toImage :: UArray (Int, Int) Float -> Interpretation -> Picture+toImage mx int = let bStr = Data.ByteString.concat (fmap int (elems mx))+                     ((0, 0), (rbound, cbound)) = bounds mx+                 in bitmapOfByteString (cbound + 1) (rbound + 1) bStr False+

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@+{-|+Module      : Graphics.Mars.Ply+Description : Converting an array of floats into a PLY surface+Copyright   : (c) Christopher Howard, 2016+License     : GPL-3+Maintainer  : ch.howard@zoho.com++Provides functions to convert an array of floats into a Surface+structure containing vertices and faces, and then into PLY format+text, which can be loaded into a modeling program like Blender.+-}++module Graphics.Mars.Ply+       ( surface+       , Surface()+       , toPly+       )+       where++import Data.Array.IArray+import Data.Array.MArray+import Data.Array.IO+import Graphics.Mars.Array+import Data.Maybe+import Data.Array.Unboxed as U+import Data.Array as A++data Vertex = Vertex Float Float Float+data Face = Face Int Int Int Int++data Surface a = Surface (a Int Vertex) (a Int Face)++vertices :: UArray (Int, Int) Float -> Array Int Vertex+vertices a =+  let b@(i, j) = U.bounds a+      lindex = linearIndex b+      al = [ (lindex (r, c), Vertex (fromIntegral c) (fromIntegral r) e)+           | ((r, c), e) <- U.assocs a ]+      in A.array (lindex i, lindex j) al++faces :: UArray (Int, Int) Float -> Array Int Face+faces a = +  let b@(i, j) = U.bounds a+      lindex = linearIndex b+      bottomEdge' = bottomEdge a+      rightEdge' = rightEdge a+      l = [ if or [bottomEdge' (r, c), rightEdge' (r, c)]+            then Nothing+            else Just (Face+                        (lindex (r, c))+                        (lindex (r, c + 1))+                        (lindex (r + 1, c + 1))+                        (lindex (r + 1, c)))+           | (r, c) <- U.indices a ]+      l' = map fromJust (filter isJust l)+      in A.listArray (0, length l' - 1) l'++-- |Converts a 2D array of floats into a sheet of polygons, which can be+-- processed by "toPly".+surface :: UArray (Int, Int) Float -> Surface Array+surface a = Surface (vertices a) (faces a)++header :: Surface Array -> String+header (Surface v f) =+  "ply\n"+  ++ "format ascii 1.0\n"+  ++ "element vertex " ++ show numv ++ "\n"+  ++ "property float32 x\n"+  ++ "property float32 y\n"+  ++ "property float32 z\n"+  ++ "element face " ++ show numf ++ "\n"+  ++ "property list uint8 int32 vertex_index\n"+  ++ "end_header\n"+  where (_, i2) = A.bounds v+        (_, j2) = A.bounds f+        numv = i2 + 1+        numf = j2 + 1+asciiVertices :: Array Int Vertex -> String+asciiVertices a =+  concat (map (\(Vertex x y z) ->+                concat [show x, " ", show y, " ", show z, "\n"])+          (A.elems a))+                                                  +asciiFaces :: Array Int Face -> String+asciiFaces a =+  concat (map (\(Face i1 i2 i3 i4) ->+                concat ["4 ", show i1, " ", show i2, " ",+                              show i3, " ", show i4, "\n"])+          (A.elems a))++-- |Converts a Surface data structure, which is a sheet of polygons, into an+-- ascii-format PLY file.+toPly :: Surface Array -> String+toPly s@(Surface v f) = header s ++ asciiVertices v ++ asciiFaces f

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@+{-# LANGUAGE GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving #-}+{-# OPTIONS_HADDOCK hide #-}++{-|+Module      : Graphics.Mars.ReaderStateRandom+Description : A triple-stack convenience monad.+Copyright   : (c) Christopher Howard, 2016+License     : GPL-3+Maintainer  : ch.howard@zoho.com++Stacks the Reader, Lazy State, and Random monads together.+-}+module Graphics.Mars.ReaderStateRandom (+  module System.Random+  , module Control.Monad.Reader+  , module Control.Monad.State.Lazy+  , module Control.Monad.Random+  , ReaderStateRandom(..)+  , runRSR+  , evalRSR+  , execRSR  +  ) where++import System.Random+import Control.Applicative+import Control.Monad.Random+import Control.Monad.State.Lazy+import Control.Monad.Reader++newtype ReaderStateRandom r s g a = RSR {+  rSR :: ReaderT r (StateT s (Rand g)) a+  } deriving (Functor, Applicative, Monad, MonadReader r, MonadState s)++instance RandomGen g => MonadRandom (ReaderStateRandom r s g) where++  getRandom = (RSR . lift . lift) getRandom++  getRandoms = (RSR . lift . lift) getRandoms++  getRandomR = \a -> (RSR . lift . lift) (getRandomR a)++  getRandomRs = \a -> (RSR . lift . lift) (getRandomRs a)++runRSR m r s g =+  let ((a', s'), g') = runRand (runStateT (runReaderT (rSR m) r) s) g+      in (a', (s', g'))++evalRSR m r s = fst . runRSR m r s++execRSR m r s = snd . runRSR m r s

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@+{-# OPTIONS_HADDOCK hide #-}++{-|+Module      : Graphics.Mars.Stamp+Description : Creating and adding application-relevant arrays.+Copyright   : (c) Christopher Howard, 2016+License     : GPL-3+Maintainer  : ch.howard@zoho.com+-}+module Graphics.Mars.Stamp+       ( circleStamp+       , stamp+       , stampL+       )+       where++import Data.Array.IArray+import Data.Array.IO+import Graphics.Mars.Array++type Point = (Float, Float)+type Metric = Point -> Point -> Float++euclidean :: Metric+euclidean (x1, y1) (x2, y2) = sqrt ((x2 - x1)**2 + (y2 - y1)**2)++semiCircle :: Float -> Float -> Float+semiCircle radius x = sqrt (radius**2 - x**2)++circleStamp+  :: (Integral t, Num e, Ix t, IArray a e) => Float -> a (t, t) e+circleStamp radius = listArray ((start, start),+                                (end, end)) l+  where width = ceiling radius * 2+        start = 0 - width+        end = width+        l = [ if fromIntegral (abs r) <= (semiCircle radius) (fromIntegral c)+              then 1 else 0+            | r <- [start..end], c <- [start..end] ]++stamp+  :: (Num t, Num t1, Num t2, Ix t1, Ix t2, MArray a t m,+      IArray a1 t) =>+     a (t1, t2) t -> a1 (t1, t2) t -> (t1, t2) -> m ()+stamp a sa (srow, scol) =+  boundedTransformL a (+) [ ((r + srow, c + scol), e) | ((r, c), e) <- assocs sa ]++stampL+  :: (Num t, Num t1, Num t2, Ix t1, Ix t2, MArray a t m,+      IArray a1 t) =>+     a (t1, t2) t -> a1 (t1, t2) t -> [(t1, t2)] -> m ()+stampL a sa l = do sequence_ (map (\p -> stamp a sa p) l)

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@+{-# OPTIONS_HADDOCK hide #-}++{-|+Module      : Graphics.Mars.Walk+Description : Produces random walk data.+Copyright   : (c) Christopher Howard, 2016+License     : GPL-3+Maintainer  : ch.howard@zoho.com++Use the 'walk' function to generate an infinite list of random walk points.+Based on this simple algorithm:++@+step :: RandomGen g => RandomWalk g+step = do (x, y) <- get+          a <- getRandomR (0, 1)+          b <- getRandomR (0, 1)+          c <- ask+          let d = c / 2.0+          put (x + a * c - d, y + b * c - d)+          get+@+-}+module Graphics.Mars.Walk (walk) where++import Graphics.Mars.ReaderStateRandom++type RandomWalk g = ReaderStateRandom Float (Float, Float) g (Float, Float)++step :: RandomGen g => RandomWalk g+step = do (x, y) <- get+          a <- getRandomR (0, 1)+          b <- getRandomR (0, 1)+          c <- ask+          let d = c / 2.0+          put (x + a * c - d, y + b * c - d)+          get++-- |Produces an infinite lazy list of random walk points.+walk :: RandomGen g =>+        Float             -- ^ the jitter factor+        -> (Float, Float) -- ^ first (starting) point+        -> g              -- ^ a random number generator+        -> [(Float, Float)]+walk = evalRSR (sequence (repeat step))

@@ -0,0 +1,674 @@+              GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE+                Version 3, 29 June 2007++ Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>+ Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies+ of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.++                     Preamble++  The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for+software and other kinds of works.++  The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed+to take away your freedom to share and change the works.  By contrast,+the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to+share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free+software for all its users.  We, the Free Software Foundation, use the+GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to+any other work released this way by its authors.  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@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@+import Distribution.Simple+main = defaultMain

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@+-- Initial mars.cabal generated by cabal init.  For further documentation, +-- see http://haskell.org/cabal/users-guide/++-- The name of the package.+name:                mars++-- The package version.  See the Haskell package versioning policy (PVP) +-- for standards guiding when and how versions should be incremented.+-- http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/Package_versioning_policy+-- PVP summary:      +-+------- breaking API changes+--                   | | +----- non-breaking API additions+--                   | | | +--- code changes with no API change+version:             0.1.0.0++-- A short (one-line) description of the package.+synopsis:            Generates mountainous terrain using a random walk algorithm.++-- A longer description of the package.+description:         +  Provides functions for generating mountain-like terrain structure using a+  random walk algorithm. Inspired by Pickover's 1998 article \"Vacation+  on Mars\". The data can be output as a ascii-format PLY file, or viewed+  \"overhead\" as an intensity graph. The PLY file can be loaded into a 3D+  modeling program such as Blender.++-- URL for the project homepage or repository.+homepage:            https://qlfiles.net++-- The license under which the package is released.+license:             GPL-3++-- The file containing the license text.+license-file:        LICENSE++-- The package author(s).+author:              Christopher Howard++-- An email address to which users can send suggestions, bug reports, and +-- patches.+maintainer:          ch.howard@zoho.com++-- A copyright notice.+-- copyright:           ++category:            Graphics++build-type:          Simple++-- Extra files to be distributed with the package, such as examples or a +-- README.+-- extra-source-files:  ++-- Constraint on the version of Cabal needed to build this package.+cabal-version:       >=1.10+++library+  -- Modules exported by the library.+  exposed-modules:     Graphics.Mars.Display2D+                       , Graphics.Mars.Example+                       , Graphics.Mars.Paint+                       , Graphics.Mars.Ply+                       , Graphics.Mars.Graph+  +  -- Modules included in this library but not exported.+  other-modules:       Graphics.Mars.Walk+                       , Graphics.Mars.ReaderStateRandom+                       , Graphics.Mars.Stamp+                       , Graphics.Mars.Array+  +  -- LANGUAGE extensions used by modules in this package.+  other-extensions:    GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving+  +  -- Other library packages from which modules are imported.+  build-depends:       base >=4.6 && <4.8+                       , gloss >=1.7 && <1.8+                       , random >=1.0 && <1.1+                       , MonadRandom >=0.1 && <0.2+                       , mtl >=2.2 && <2.3+                       , array >=0.4 && <0.5+                       , bytestring >=0.10 && <0.11+                       , colour >=2.3 && <2.4+  +  -- Directories containing source files.+  -- hs-source-dirs:      +  +  -- Base language which the package is written in.+  default-language:    Haskell2010+