module Network.Fancy
(-- * Address
HostName, Address(..),
-- * Stream clients
withStream, connectStream,
-- * Datagram clients
connectDgram, withDgram, StringLike, recv,send, closeSocket,
-- * Servers
ServerSpec(..), serverSpec,
Threading(..), Reverse(..),
streamServer, dgramServer, sleepForever,
-- * Other
getCurrentHost,
Socket
) where
import Control.Concurrent
import Control.Exception as E(bracket, finally, try, SomeException)
import Control.Monad(when, forM)
import qualified Data.ByteString.Char8 as B
import qualified Data.ByteString.Internal as B
import qualified Data.ByteString.Unsafe as B
import qualified Data.ByteString.Lazy as L
import Data.List(intercalate)
import Data.Typeable(Typeable)
import Foreign
import Foreign.C
import Numeric(showHex)
import System.IO(Handle, hClose, IOMode(ReadWriteMode))
import System.IO.Unsafe(unsafeInterleaveIO)
import GHC.Handle(fdToHandle')
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ <= 610
import System.Posix.Internals hiding(c_close)
#else
import GHC.IO.Device
#endif
#ifdef WINDOWS
import GHC.Conc(asyncDoProc)
#endif
#ifndef WINDOWS
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#define SAFE_ON_WIN unsafe
#ifndef AF_LOCAL
#define AF_LOCAL AF_UNIX
#endif
#ifndef AI_NUMERICSERV
#define AI_NUMERICSERV 0
#endif
#else /* WINDOWS */
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h>
#define sa_family_t short
#define AI_NUMERICSERV 0
struct network_fancy_aaccept {
SOCKET s;
struct sockaddr *addr;
int alen;
};
#define SAFE_ON_WIN safe
#endif /* WINDOWS */
type HostName = String
data Address = IP HostName Int -- ^ Host name and port, either IPv4 or IPv6.
| IPv4 HostName Int -- ^ Host name and port, only IPv4.
| IPv6 HostName Int -- ^ Host name and port, only IPv6
| Unix FilePath -- ^ Local unix socket, not supported on Windows.
deriving(Eq,Ord,Show,Typeable)
class StringLike string where
toBS :: string -> B.ByteString
fromBS :: B.ByteString -> string
instance StringLike String where
toBS = B.pack
fromBS = B.unpack
instance StringLike L.ByteString where
toBS = B.concat . L.toChunks
fromBS = \x -> L.fromChunks [x]
instance StringLike B.ByteString where
toBS = id
fromBS = id
-- | Send the string as one chunk
send :: StringLike string => Socket -> string -> IO ()
send (Socket s) bs = B.unsafeUseAsCStringLen (toBS bs) $ \(ptr,len) -> do
r <- throwErrnoIfMinus1RetryMayBlock "send" (c_send s (castPtr ptr) (fromIntegral len) 0) (threadWaitWrite (fromIntegral s))
when (r/=fromIntegral len) $ fail "send: partial packet sent!"
-- | Receive one chunk with given maximum size
recv :: StringLike string => Socket -> Int -> IO string
recv (Socket s) len= fmap fromBS (
B.createAndTrim len $ \ptr -> do
r <- throwErrnoIfMinus1RetryMayBlock "recv" (c_recv s (castPtr ptr) (fromIntegral len) 0) (threadWaitRead (fromIntegral s))
return $ fromIntegral r)
recvFrom :: StringLike string => Socket -> Int -> SocketAddress -> IO (string,SocketAddress)
recvFrom (Socket s) buflen (SA _ salen) = do
sa <- mallocForeignPtrBytes salen
withForeignPtr sa $ \sa_ptr -> do
str<- B.createAndTrim buflen $ \ptr -> do
with (fromIntegral salen) $ \salen_ptr -> do
fmap fromIntegral $ throwErrnoIfMinus1RetryMayBlock "recvfrom"
(c_recvfrom s ptr (fromIntegral buflen) 0 sa_ptr salen_ptr)
(threadWaitRead (fromIntegral s))
return (fromBS str, SA sa salen)
sendTo :: StringLike string => SocketAddress -> Socket -> string -> IO ()
sendTo (SA sa salen) (Socket s) str = do
withForeignPtr sa $ \sa_ptr -> do
B.unsafeUseAsCStringLen (toBS str) $ \(ptr,len) -> do
r <- throwErrnoIfMinus1RetryMayBlock "sendTo"
(c_sendto s (castPtr ptr) (fromIntegral len) 0 sa_ptr (fromIntegral salen))
(threadWaitWrite (fromIntegral s))
when (r/=fromIntegral len) $ fail "sendTo: partial packet sent!"
foreign import CALLCONV SAFE_ON_WIN "recv" c_recv :: CInt -> Ptr Word8 -> CSize -> CInt -> IO (#type ssize_t)
foreign import CALLCONV SAFE_ON_WIN "send" c_send :: CInt -> Ptr Word8 -> CSize -> CInt -> IO (#type ssize_t)
foreign import CALLCONV SAFE_ON_WIN "recvfrom" c_recvfrom :: CInt -> Ptr Word8 -> CSize -> CInt -> Ptr () -> Ptr SLen -> IO (#type ssize_t)
foreign import CALLCONV SAFE_ON_WIN "sendto" c_sendto :: CInt -> Ptr Word8 -> CSize -> CInt -> Ptr () -> SLen -> IO (#type ssize_t)
-- | Close the socket specified.
closeSocket :: Socket -> IO ()
closeSocket (Socket fd) = throwErrnoIfMinus1_ "close" $ c_close fd
foreign import CALLCONV unsafe "bind" c_bind :: CInt -> Ptr () -> (SLen) -> IO CInt
foreign import CALLCONV unsafe "listen" c_listen :: CInt -> CInt -> IO CInt
foreign import CALLCONV unsafe "socket" c_socket :: CFamily -> CType -> CInt -> IO CInt
foreign import CALLCONV SAFE_ON_WIN "connect" c_connect :: CInt -> Ptr () -> (SLen) -> IO CInt
#ifdef WINDOWS
foreign import CALLCONV unsafe "closesocket" c_close :: CInt -> IO CInt
#else
foreign import CALLCONV unsafe "close" c_close :: CInt -> IO CInt
#endif
newtype Socket = Socket CInt
-- | Open a datagram (udp) socket for the given block and close it afterwards.
withDgram :: Address -> (Socket -> IO a) -> IO a
withDgram a = bracket (connectDgram a) closeSocket
-- | Open a stream (tcp) socket for the given block and close it afterwards.
withStream :: Address -> (Handle -> IO a) -> IO a
withStream a = bracket (connectStream a) hClose
-- | Open a stream (tcp) socket.
connectStream :: Address -> IO Handle
connectStream addr = a2sas sockStream aiNumericserv addr >>= csas (connect sockStream) >>= socketToHandle
-- | Open a datagram (udp) socket.
connectDgram :: Address -> IO Socket
connectDgram addr = a2sas sockDgram aiNumericserv addr >>= csas (connect sockDgram)
socketToHandle :: Socket -> IO Handle
#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ <= 610
socketToHandle (Socket fd) = fdToHandle' (fromIntegral fd) (Just Stream) True (show fd) ReadWriteMode True
#else
socketToHandle (Socket fd) = fdToHandle' (fromIntegral fd) (Just GHC.IO.Device.Stream) True (show fd) ReadWriteMode True
#endif
connect :: CType -> SocketAddress -> IO Socket
connect stype (SA sa len) = do
fam <- getFamily (SA sa len)
s <- throwErrnoIfMinus1 "socket" $ c_socket fam stype 0
setNonBlockingFD s
let loop = do r <- withForeignPtr sa $ \ptr -> c_connect s ptr (fromIntegral len)
err <- getErrno
case r of
-1 | err == eINTR -> do loop
| err == eINPROGRESS -> do threadWaitWrite (fromIntegral s)
soe <- getsockopt_error s
if soe==0 then return (Socket s) else fail "connect"
| otherwise -> do fail "connect"
_ -> do return $ Socket s
loop
foreign import ccall unsafe getsockopt_error :: CInt -> IO CInt
-- | Get the family \(domain\) of the socket.
getFamily :: SocketAddress -> IO CFamily
getFamily (SA sa _) = worker >>= return . fromIntegral
where worker :: IO #type sa_family_t
worker = withForeignPtr sa (#peek struct sockaddr, sa_family)
csas :: (SocketAddress -> IO a) -> [SocketAddress] -> IO a
csas _ [] = fail "No such host"
csas c [sa] = c sa
csas c (sa:sas) = do x <- try' (c sa)
case x of
(Left _) -> csas c sas
(Right v) -> return v
try' :: IO a -> IO (Either SomeException a)
try' = E.try
withResolverLock :: IO a -> IO a
#ifdef WINDOWS
withResolverLock c = resolverLock `seq` c
{-# NOINLINE resolverLock #-}
resolverLock :: CInt
resolverLock = unsafePerformIO $ allocaBytes (#size struct WSAData) (wsaStartup 0x0002)
foreign import stdcall safe "WSAStartup" wsaStartup :: Int -> Ptr a -> IO CInt
#else
withResolverLock x = x
#endif
data SocketAddress = SA !(ForeignPtr ()) !Int deriving(Show)
type AddrInfoT = Word8
type CFamily = Int
type CType = Int
#enum CFamily, , AF_INET, AF_INET6, AF_UNSPEC
#ifndef WINDOWS
#enum CFamily, ,AF_LOCAL
#endif
#enum CType, , SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM
a2sas :: CType -> CInt -> Address -> IO [SocketAddress]
a2sas t f (IP hn p) = getAddrInfo hn (show p) f afUnspec t
a2sas t f (IPv4 hn p) = getAddrInfo hn (show p) f afInet t
a2sas t f (IPv6 hn p) = getAddrInfo hn (show p) f afInet6 t
#ifdef WINDOWS
a2sas _ _ (Unix _) = fail "Unix sockets not supported on Windows"
#else
a2sas _ _ (Unix fp) = do let maxSize = ((#size struct sockaddr_un)-(#offset struct sockaddr_un, sun_path))
when (length fp >= maxSize) $ fail "Too long address for Unix socket"
sa <- mallocForeignPtrBytes $ fromIntegral salLocal
withForeignPtr sa $ \sa_ptr -> do
(#poke struct sockaddr_un, sun_family) sa_ptr afLocal
let tw :: Char -> Word8
tw = toEnum . fromEnum
pokeArray0 0 ((#ptr struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) sa_ptr) $ map tw fp
return [SA sa salLocal]
salLocal :: Int
salLocal = #size struct sockaddr_un
#endif
aiPassive, aiNumericserv :: CInt
aiNumericserv = #const AI_NUMERICSERV
aiPassive = #const AI_PASSIVE
getAddrInfo :: String -- ^ The hostname.
-> String -- ^ Service name.
-> CInt -- ^ Flags, a combination of 'aiPassive' 'aiNumerichost' and 'aiNumericserv'.
-> CFamily -- ^ Family
-> CType -- ^ Socket type
-> IO [SocketAddress]
getAddrInfo host serv flags fam typ = withResolverLock $ do
let unai :: Ptr AddrInfoT -> IO [SocketAddress]
unai ai | ai == nullPtr = return []
| otherwise = uwork ai
uwork ai = do sal'<- (#peek struct addrinfo, ai_addrlen) ai :: IO SLen
sa' <- (#peek struct addrinfo, ai_addr) ai
let sal = fromIntegral sal'
sa <- mallocForeignPtrBytes sal
copyBytes (unsafeForeignPtrToPtr sa) sa' sal
next<- (#peek struct addrinfo, ai_next) ai
rest<- unai next
return ((SA sa sal):rest)
getAI :: IO (Ptr AddrInfoT)
getAI = allocaBytes (#size struct addrinfo) $ \hints -> do
B.memset hints 0 (#size struct addrinfo)
(#poke struct addrinfo, ai_flags) hints flags
(#poke struct addrinfo, ai_family) hints fam
(#poke struct addrinfo, ai_socktype) hints typ
withStr host $ \host_buf -> do
withStr serv $ \serv_buf -> do
with nullPtr $ \result -> do
throwGAIErrorIf $ c_getaddrinfo host_buf serv_buf hints result
peek result
withStr :: String -> (CString -> IO a) -> IO a
withStr "" fun = fun nullPtr
withStr s fun = withCString s fun
bracket getAI c_freeaddrinfo unai
foreign import CALLCONV unsafe "freeaddrinfo" c_freeaddrinfo :: Ptr AddrInfoT -> IO ()
foreign import CALLCONV safe "getaddrinfo" c_getaddrinfo :: Ptr CChar -> Ptr CChar ->
Ptr AddrInfoT -> Ptr (Ptr AddrInfoT) ->
IO CInt
throwGAIErrorIf :: IO CInt -> IO ()
throwGAIErrorIf comp = do
err <- comp
when (err /= 0) (gaiError err >>= fail)
-- Don't use gai_strerror with winsock - it is not thread-safe there.
gaiError :: CInt -> IO String
#ifdef WINDOWS
gaiError (#const EAI_AGAIN) = return "Temporary failure in name resolution."
gaiError (#const EAI_BADFLAGS) = return "Invalid value for ai_flags."
gaiError (#const EAI_FAIL) = return "Nonrecoverable failure in name resolution."
gaiError (#const EAI_FAMILY) = return "The ai_family member is not supported."
gaiError (#const EAI_MEMORY) = return "Memory allocation failure."
gaiError (#const EAI_NODATA) = return "No address associated with nodename."
gaiError (#const EAI_NONAME) = return "Neither nodename nor servname provided, or not known."
gaiError (#const EAI_SERVICE) = return "The servname parameter is not supported for ai_socktype."
gaiError (#const EAI_SOCKTYPE) = return "The ai_socktype member is not supported."
gaiError x = return ("Unknown gai_error value "++show x)
#else
gaiError err = c_gai_strerror err >>= peekCString
foreign import CALLCONV unsafe "gai_strerror" c_gai_strerror :: CInt -> IO (Ptr CChar)
#endif
--hostNameToNumber :: Address -> IO [Address]
--hostNameToNumber = error "FIXME"
--hostNumberToName :: Address -> IO [Address]
--hostNumberToName = error "FIXME"
-- | Get the current hostname.
getCurrentHost :: IO HostName
getCurrentHost = do
allocaArray 256 $ \buffer -> do
throwErrnoIfMinus1_ "gethostname" $ c_gethostname buffer 256
peekCString buffer
foreign import CALLCONV unsafe "gethostname" c_gethostname :: Ptr CChar -> CSize -> IO CInt
-- SERVERS
data Threading = Threaded -- ^ Run each request in a separate thread without blocking the server loop.
| Inline -- ^ Run each request inline inside the request loop.
data Reverse = ReverseNumeric -- ^ Use numeric addresses for peers.
| ReverseName -- ^ Resolve reverse names if possible for peers.
data ServerSpec = ServerSpec
{ address :: Address -- ^ Address for the server. Use hostname \"\" to bind to all interfaces.
, reverseAddress :: Reverse -- ^ Should the address of connecting clients be suplied numerically or as a name to server function.
, threading :: Threading -- ^ Handle requests Inline or Threaded.
, closeConnection :: Bool -- ^ Close the client connection automatically after the ServerFun finishes.
, recvSize :: Int -- ^ Buffer size for receiving datagrams.
}
-- | Default server specification
serverSpec :: ServerSpec
serverSpec = ServerSpec { address = IP "" 0
, reverseAddress = ReverseNumeric
, threading = Threaded
, closeConnection = True
, recvSize = 4096
}
-- | Run a stream (tcp) server. The function does not block, use sleepForever if that is desired.
streamServer :: ServerSpec -> (Handle -> Address -> IO ()) -> IO [ThreadId]
streamServer ss sfun = do
sas <- a2sas sockStream (aiNumericserv .|. aiPassive) (address ss)
when (null sas) $ fail "No address for server!"
let sf ha psa = case threading ss of
Threaded -> forkIO (clo ha $ sfun ha psa) >> return ()
Inline -> clo ha $ sfun ha psa
clo ha = case closeConnection ss of
True -> \x -> x `E.finally` (hClose ha)
False -> id
forM sas $ \sa -> do
fam <- getFamily sa
sock <- throwErrnoIfMinus1 "socket" $ c_socket fam sockStream 0
setNonBlockingFD sock
let socket = Socket sock
let on :: CInt
on = 1
os = fromIntegral $ sizeOf on
with on $ \onptr -> c_setsockopt sock (#const SOL_SOCKET) (#const SO_REUSEADDR) onptr os
bind socket sa
listen socket 128
let loop = do (s,psa) <- accept socket sa
a <- unsafeInterleaveIO $ case reverseAddress ss of
ReverseNumeric -> rnumeric psa
ReverseName -> rname psa
ha <- socketToHandle s
sf ha a
loop
forkIO loop
foreign import CALLCONV unsafe "setsockopt" c_setsockopt ::
CInt -> CInt -> CInt -> Ptr a -> CInt -> IO CInt
-- | Bind a socket to an address. Be wary of AF_LOCAL + NFS blocking?
bind :: Socket -> SocketAddress -> IO ()
bind (Socket sock) (SA sa len) = do
withForeignPtr sa $ \sa_ptr ->
throwErrnoIfMinus1_ "bind" $ c_bind sock sa_ptr (fromIntegral len)
-- | Listen on an socket
listen :: Socket -> Int -> IO ()
listen (Socket s) iv = throwErrnoIfMinus1_ "listen" (c_listen s (toEnum iv))
accept :: Socket -> SocketAddress -> IO (Socket, SocketAddress)
accept (Socket lfd) (SA _ len) = do
sa <- mallocForeignPtrBytes len
s <- withForeignPtr sa $ \sa_ptr -> do
#ifndef WINDOWS
with (fromIntegral len) $ \len_ptr -> do
throwErrnoIfMinus1RetryMayBlock "accept" (c_accept lfd sa_ptr len_ptr) (threadWaitRead (fromIntegral lfd))
#else
if threaded then with (fromIntegral len) $ \len_ptr -> do
throwErrnoIfMinus1 "accept" (c_accept lfd sa_ptr len_ptr)
else allocaBytes (#size struct network_fancy_aaccept) $ \ptr -> do
(#poke struct network_fancy_aaccept, s) ptr lfd
(#poke struct network_fancy_aaccept, addr) ptr sa_ptr
(#poke struct network_fancy_aaccept, alen) ptr len
r <- asyncDoProc c_nf_async_accept ptr
when (r /= 0) $ ioError (errnoToIOError "accept" (Errno (fromIntegral r)) Nothing Nothing)
(#peek struct network_fancy_aaccept, s) ptr
#endif
setNonBlockingFD s
return (Socket s,SA sa len)
foreign import CALLCONV SAFE_ON_WIN "accept" c_accept :: CInt -> Ptr () -> Ptr (SLen) -> IO CInt
#ifdef WINDOWS
foreign import ccall unsafe "&c_nf_async_accept" c_nf_async_accept :: FunPtr (Ptr () -> IO Int)
foreign import ccall unsafe "rtsSupportsBoundThreads" threaded :: Bool
#endif
-- | Run a datagram (udp) server. The function does not block, use sleepForever if that is desired.
dgramServer :: StringLike packet => ServerSpec -- ^ Server specification
-> (packet -> Address -> IO [packet]) -- ^ The server function is given a received packet and the Address of the peer. It returns a list of reply packets to send to that peer. Note that the list elements are invidual packets, not concatenated together.
-> IO [ThreadId] -- ^ ThreadIds of the server listener processes.
dgramServer ss sfun = do
sas <- a2sas sockDgram (aiNumericserv .|. aiPassive) (address ss)
when (null sas) $ fail "No address for server!"
forM sas $ \sa -> do
fam <- getFamily sa
sock <- throwErrnoIfMinus1 "socket" $ c_socket fam sockDgram 0
setNonBlockingFD sock
let socket = Socket sock
let on :: CInt
on = 1
os = fromIntegral $ sizeOf on
with on $ \onptr -> c_setsockopt sock (#const SOL_SOCKET) (#const SO_REUSEADDR) onptr os
bind socket sa
let loop = do (str,psa) <- recvFrom socket (recvSize ss) sa
a <- unsafeInterleaveIO $ case reverseAddress ss of
ReverseNumeric -> rnumeric psa
ReverseName -> rname psa
case threading ss of
Threaded -> forkIO (mapM_ (sendTo psa socket) =<< sfun str a) >> return ()
Inline -> mapM_ (sendTo psa socket) =<< sfun str a
loop
forkIO loop
rnumeric, rname :: SocketAddress -> IO Address
rnumeric (SA sa len) = do
f <- getFamily (SA sa len)
withForeignPtr sa $ \sa_ptr -> do
let v4fmt, v6fmt :: [Word8] -> String
v4fmt = intercalate "." . map show
v6fmt xs = if head xs == 0 then ':':':':v6map (dropWhile (==0) xs) else v6map xs
v6map = intercalate ":" . units
units [] = []
units [x] = [showHex x ""]
units (x:y:r) = dropWhile (=='0') (showHex x $ ldigit y) : units r
ldigit x = case showHex x "" of
[z] -> ['0',z]
z -> z
case () of
_ | f == afInet -> do n <- fmap v4fmt $ peekArray 4 $ (#ptr struct sockaddr_in, sin_addr) sa_ptr
p <- ntohs =<< (#peek struct sockaddr_in, sin_port) sa_ptr
return $ IPv4 n (fromIntegral p)
| f == afInet6-> do n <- fmap v6fmt $ peekArray 16 $ (#ptr struct sockaddr_in, sin_addr) sa_ptr
p <- ntohs =<< (#peek struct sockaddr_in6, sin6_port) sa_ptr
return $ IPv6 n (fromIntegral p)
#ifndef WINDOWS
| f == afLocal-> do n <- peekCString $ (#ptr struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) sa_ptr
return $ Unix n
#endif
| otherwise -> do fail "Unsupported address family!"
foreign import CALLCONV unsafe ntohs :: Word16 -> IO Word16
rname (SA sa len) = do
f <- getFamily (SA sa len)
withForeignPtr sa $ \sa_ptr -> do
let rev = do allocaArray 256 $ \hptr -> do
throwGAIErrorIf $ getnameinfo sa_ptr (fromIntegral len) hptr 256 nullPtr 0 0
peekCString hptr
case () of
_ | f == afInet -> do n <- rev
p <- ntohs =<< (#peek struct sockaddr_in, sin_port) sa_ptr
return $ IPv4 n (fromIntegral p)
| f == afInet6 -> do n <- rev
p <- ntohs =<< (#peek struct sockaddr_in6, sin6_port) sa_ptr
return $ IPv6 n (fromIntegral p)
#ifndef WINDOWS
| f == afLocal -> do n <- peekCString $ (#ptr struct sockaddr_un, sun_path) sa_ptr
return $ Unix n
#endif
| otherwise -> do fail "Unsupported address family!"
type SLen = #type socklen_t
foreign import CALLCONV safe getnameinfo :: Ptr () -> SLen -> Ptr CChar -> SLen -> Ptr CChar -> SLen -> CInt -> IO CInt
-- | Sleep forever. Useful after a server.
sleepForever :: IO ()
sleepForever = threadDelay maxBound >> sleepForever