music-parts-1.6.1: src/Music/Parts.hs
{-# LANGUAGE
GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving,
DeriveDataTypeable,
TypeFamilies #-}
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- |
-- Copyright : (c) Hans Hoglund 2012
--
-- License : BSD-style
--
-- Maintainer : hans@hanshoglund.se
-- Stability : experimental
-- Portability : non-portable (TF,GNTD)
--
-- Part representation.
--
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
module Music.Parts (
-- * Terminology
-- $terminology
-- * Subparts
Division,
divisions,
getDivision,
Subpart,
-- * Instruments
Instrument(..),
-- TODO hide impl
-- * Parts
Solo(..),
Part(..),
divide,
containsPart,
containsSubpart,
solo,
tutti,
-- ** Instruments etc
piccoloFlute,
flute,
altoFlute,
bassFlute,
oboe,
corAnglais,
heckelphone,
ebClarinet,
clarinet,
aClarinet,
bassClarinet,
sopranoSax,
altoSax,
tenorSax,
baritoneSax,
bassoon,
contraBassoon,
horn,
piccoloTrumpet,
trumpet,
bassTrumpet,
altoTrombone,
tenorTrombone,
trombone,
bassTrombone,
tuba,
timpani,
piano,
celesta,
glockenspiel,
vibraphone,
marimba,
xylophone,
xylorimba,
tubularBells,
dulcimer,
accordion,
harmonica,
violin,
viola,
cello,
doubleBass,
-- ** Default values
defaultClef,
defaultMidiProgram,
defaultMidiChannel,
defaultMidiNote,
-- * Basic
-- TODO move
BasicPart,
) where
import Data.Default
import Data.Semigroup
import Data.Typeable
import Data.Maybe
import Text.Numeral.Roman (toRoman)
import qualified Data.List
{- $terminology
Parts represent a subset of a group of performers. It is mainly used for instrumental and
vocal music, but some concetps may be useful in electronic music as well.
- 'Section' refers to a set of instrumentfamilies related by sound production method (i.e. woodwind).
- 'Family' refers to a set of instrument or voice types, which typically differ in size (i.e. saxophones).
- 'Instrument' refers to a set of instruments or voice types of a given type (i.e. soprano saxophones).
Perhaps confusingly, this includes vocal types such as alto, tenor etc as well. However, there is
no good general term that incorporate both /instrument/ and /voice type/.
- A 'Part' is made up of an 'Instrument' and a 'Division' (i.e. Violin I). Solo parts are treated
separately, so i.e. /Violin solo II/ (as in a double concerto) is distinct from /Violin II/.
-}
{-
For each part we want to know:
- Classification:
- Type: (i.e. woodwind)
- Family: (i.e. saxophone)
- Range: (i.e. tenor)
- Range (i.e. [c_:e'])
- Transposition:
sounding = written .+^ transp
- Suggested clefs
-}
-- |
-- A division represents a subset of a finite group of performers.
--
-- For example a group may be divided into three equal divisions,
-- designated @(0, 3)@, @(1, 3)@ and @(2, 3)@ respectively.
--
newtype Division = Division { getDivision :: (Int, Int) }
deriving (Eq, Ord, Show)
instance Default Division where
def = Division (0,1)
showDivisionR :: Division -> String
showDivisionR = toRoman . succ . fst . getDivision
showDivision :: Division -> String
showDivision = show . succ . fst . getDivision
-- | Get all possible divisions for a given divisor in ascending order.
divisions :: Int -> [Division]
divisions n = [Division (x,n) | x <- [0..n-1]]
-- | Divide a part into @n@ subparts.
divide :: Int -> Part -> [Part]
divide n (Part solo instr subp) = fmap (\x -> Part solo instr (subp <> Subpart [x])) $ divisions n
-- |
-- A subpart is a potentially infinite sequence of divisions, each typically
-- designated using a new index type, i.e. @I.1.2@.
--
-- The empty subpart (also known as 'def') represents all the players of the group,
-- or in the context of 'Part', all players of the given instrument.
--
newtype Subpart = Subpart [Division]
deriving (Eq, Ord, Default, Semigroup, Monoid)
instance Show Subpart where
show (Subpart ps) = Data.List.intercalate "." $ mapFR showDivisionR showDivision $ ps
where
mapFR f g [] = []
mapFR f g (x:xs) = f x : fmap g xs
-- | An 'Instrument' represents the set of all instruments of a given type.
data Instrument
= StdInstrument Int
| OtherInstrument String
deriving (Eq)
instance Show Instrument where
show (StdInstrument x) = fromMaybe "(unknown)" $ gmInstrName x
show (OtherInstrument str) = str
instance Enum Instrument where
toEnum = StdInstrument
fromEnum (StdInstrument x) = x
fromEnum (OtherInstrument _) = error "Instrument.fromEnum used on unknown instrument"
instance Ord Instrument where
StdInstrument x `compare` StdInstrument y = gmScoreOrder x `compare` gmScoreOrder y
-- | This instance is quite arbitrary but very handy.
instance Default Instrument where
def = StdInstrument 0
data Solo
= Solo
| Tutti
deriving (Eq, Show, Ord, Enum)
instance Default Solo where
def = Tutti
-- | A part is a subdivided group of instruments of a given type.
--
data Part = Part Solo Instrument Subpart
deriving (Eq, Ord)
instance Show Part where
show (Part Solo instr subp) = "Solo " ++ show instr ++ addS (show subp)
where
addS "" = ""
addS x = " " ++ x
show (Part _ instr subp) = show instr ++ addS (show subp)
where
addS "" = ""
addS x = " " ++ x
-- FIXME bad instance (?)
instance Enum Part where
toEnum x = Part Tutti (toEnum x) def
fromEnum (Part solo instr subp) = fromEnum instr
instance Default Part where
def = Part def def def
-- |
-- @a \`containsPart\` b@ holds if the set of players represented by a is an improper subset of the
-- set of players represented by b.
containsPart :: Part -> Part -> Bool
Part solo1 instr1 subp1 `containsPart` Part solo2 instr2 subp2 =
solo1 == solo2
&& instr1 == instr2
&& subp1 `containsSubpart` subp2
containsSubpart :: Subpart -> Subpart -> Bool
Subpart x `containsSubpart` Subpart y = y `Data.List.isPrefixOf` x
solo instr = Part Solo instr def
tutti instr = Part Tutti instr def
piccoloFlute = StdInstrument 72
flute = StdInstrument 73
altoFlute = OtherInstrument "Woodwind.Flute.Alto"
bassFlute = OtherInstrument "Woodwind.Flute.Bass"
oboe = StdInstrument 68
corAnglais = StdInstrument 69
heckelphone = OtherInstrument "Woodwind.DoubleReed.Heckelphone"
ebClarinet = OtherInstrument "Woodwind.SingleReed.Clarinet.Eb"
clarinet = StdInstrument 71
aClarinet = OtherInstrument "Woodwind.SingleReed.Clarinet.A"
bassClarinet = OtherInstrument "Woodwind.SingleReed.Clarinet.Bass"
sopranoSax = StdInstrument 64
altoSax = StdInstrument 65
tenorSax = StdInstrument 66
baritoneSax = StdInstrument 67
bassoon = StdInstrument 70
contraBassoon = OtherInstrument "Woodwind.DoubleReed.Bassoon.Contra"
horn = StdInstrument 60
piccoloTrumpet = OtherInstrument "Brass.Trumpet.Piccolo"
trumpet = StdInstrument 56
bassTrumpet = OtherInstrument "Brass.Trumpet.Bass"
altoTrombone = OtherInstrument "Brass.Trombone.Alto"
tenorTrombone = StdInstrument 57
trombone = StdInstrument 57
bassTrombone = OtherInstrument "Brass.Trombone.Bass"
tuba = StdInstrument 58
timpani = StdInstrument 47
piano = StdInstrument 0
celesta = StdInstrument 8
glockenspiel = StdInstrument 9
vibraphone = StdInstrument 11
marimba = StdInstrument 12
xylophone = StdInstrument 13
xylorimba = OtherInstrument "Percussion.Pitched.Xylorimba"
tubularBells = StdInstrument 14
dulcimer = StdInstrument 15
accordion = StdInstrument 21
harmonica = StdInstrument 22
violin = StdInstrument 40
viola = StdInstrument 41
cello = StdInstrument 42
doubleBass = StdInstrument 43
defaultClef :: Part -> Int
defaultMidiNote :: Part -> Int
defaultMidiProgram :: Part -> Int
defaultMidiChannel :: Part -> Int
defaultScoreOrder :: Part -> Double
defaultMidiNote _ = 0
defaultMidiProgram (Part _ (StdInstrument x) _) = x
defaultMidiChannel = fromMaybe 0 . fmap get . (`lookup` gmInstrs) . defaultMidiProgram
where get (x,_,_,_) = x
defaultScoreOrder = fromMaybe 0 . fmap get . (`lookup` gmInstrs) . defaultMidiProgram
where get (_,x,_,_) = x
defaultClef = fromMaybe 0 . fmap get . (`lookup` gmInstrs) . defaultMidiProgram
where get (_,_,x,_) = x
gmClef :: Int -> Int
gmMidiChannel :: Int -> Int
gmScoreOrder :: Int -> Double
gmMidiChannel = fromMaybe 0 . fmap get . (`lookup` gmInstrs)
where get (x,_,_,_) = x
gmScoreOrder = fromMaybe 0 . fmap get . (`lookup` gmInstrs)
where get (_,x,_,_) = x
gmClef = fromMaybe 0 . fmap get . (`lookup` gmInstrs)
where get (_,_,x,_) = x
gmInstrName :: Int -> Maybe String
gmInstrName = fmap get . (`lookup` gmInstrs)
where get (_,_,_,x) = x
-- (midi program, (def midi ch, score order, def clef 0=g/1=c/2=f, name))
{-
Score order:
Woodwinds: 1
Brass: 2
Timpani: 3
Percussion: 4
Keyboard/Harp 5
Singers 6
Strings: 7
Bass: 8
-}
gmInstrs :: [(Int, (Int, Double, Int, String))]
gmInstrs = [
(0, (0, 5.0, 0, "Acoustic Grand Piano")),
(1, (0, 5.0, 0, "Bright Acoustic Piano")),
(2, (0, 5.0, 0, "Electric Grand Piano")),
(3, (0, 5.0, 0, "Honky-tonk Piano")),
(4, (0, 5.0, 0, "Electric Piano 1")),
(5, (0, 5.0, 0, "Electric Piano 2")),
(6, (0, 5.0, 0, "Harpsichord")),
(7, (0, 5.0, 0, "Clavinet")),
(8, (0, 5.0, 0, "Celesta")),
(9, (0, 5.0, 0, "Glockenspiel")),
(9, (0, 5.0, 0, "Music Box")),
(11, (0, 4.0, 0, "Vibraphone")),
(12, (0, 4.0, 0, "Marimba")),
(13, (0, 4.0, 0, "Xylophone")),
(14, (0, 4.0, 0, "Tubular Bells")),
(15, (0, 4.0, 0, "Dulcimer")),
(16, (0, 5.0, 0, "Drawbar Organ")),
(17, (0, 5.0, 0, "Percussive Organ")),
(18, (0, 5.0, 0, "Rock Organ")),
(19, (0, 5.0, 0, "Church Organ")),
(20, (0, 5.0, 0, "Reed Organ")),
(21, (0, 5.0, 0, "Accordion")),
(22, (0, 5.0, 0, "Harmonica")),
(23, (0, 5.0, 0, "Tango Accordion")),
(24, (0, 5.0, 0, "Acoustic Guitar (nylon)")),
(25, (0, 5.0, 0, "Acoustic Guitar (steel)")),
(26, (0, 5.0, 0, "Electric Guitar (jazz)")),
(27, (0, 5.0, 0, "Electric Guitar (clean)")),
(28, (0, 5.0, 0, "Electric Guitar (muted)")),
(29, (0, 5.0, 0, "Overdriven Guitar")),
(30, (0, 5.0, 0, "Distortion Guitar")),
(31, (0, 5.0, 0, "Guitar Harmonics")),
(32, (0, 8.0, 0, "Acoustic Bass")),
(33, (0, 8.0, 0, "Electric Bass (finger)")),
(34, (0, 8.0, 0, "Electric Bass (pick)")),
(35, (0, 8.0, 0, "Fretless Bass")),
(36, (0, 8.0, 0, "Slap Bass 1")),
(37, (0, 8.0, 0, "Slap Bass 2")),
(38, (0, 8.0, 0, "Synth Bass 1")),
(39, (0, 8.0, 0, "Synth Bass 2")),
(40, (12, 7.1, 0, "Violin")),
(41, (13, 7.2, 1, "Viola")),
-- (42, (0, 1.0, 0, "Cello")),
(42, (14, 7.3, 2, "Violoncello")),
(43, (15, 7.4, 2, "Contrabass")),
(44, (0, 7.0, 0, "Tremolo Strings")),
(45, (0, 7.0, 0, "Pizzicato Strings")),
(46, (11, 5.9, 0, "Orchestral Harp")),
(47, (8, 2.5, 2, "Timpani")),
(48, (0, 7.0, 0, "String Ensemble 1")),
(49, (0, 7.0, 0, "String Ensemble 2")),
(50, (0, 7.0, 0, "Synth Strings 1")),
(51, (0, 7.0, 0, "Synth Strings 2")),
(52, (0, 1.0, 0, "Choir Aahs")),
(53, (0, 1.0, 0, "Voice Oohs")),
(54, (0, 1.0, 0, "Synth Choir")),
(55, (0, 1.0, 0, "Orchestra Hit")),
(56, (5, 2.2, 0, "Trumpet in Bb")),
(57, (6, 2.3, 2, "Trombone")),
(58, (7, 2.4, 2, "Tuba")),
(59, (0, 2.2, 0, "Muted Trumpet")),
-- (60, (4, 2.1, 0, "French Horn")),
(60, (4, 2.1, 0, "Horn in F")),
(61, (0, 2.0, 0, "Brass Section")),
(62, (0, 2.0, 0, "Synth Brass 1")),
(63, (0, 2.0, 0, "Synth Brass 2")),
(64, (0, 1.51, 0, "Soprano Sax")),
(65, (0, 1.52, 0, "Alto Sax")),
(66, (0, 1.53, 0, "Tenor Sax")),
(67, (0, 1.54, 0, "Baritone Sax")),
(68, (1, 1.3, 0, "Oboe")),
(69, (1, 1.4, 0, "English Horn")),
(70, (3, 1.7, 2, "Bassoon")),
(71, (2, 1.6, 0, "Clarinet in Bb")),
(72, (0, 1.1, 0, "Piccolo")),
(73, (0, 1.2, 0, "Flute")),
(74, (0, 1.0, 0, "Recorder")),
(75, (0, 1.0, 0, "Pan Flute")),
(76, (0, 1.0, 0, "Blown bottle")),
(77, (0, 1.0, 0, "Shakuhachi")),
(78, (0, 1.0, 0, "Whistle")),
(79, (0, 1.0, 0, "Ocarina")),
(80, (0, 1.0, 0, "Lead 1 (square)")),
(81, (0, 1.0, 0, "Lead 2 (sawtooth)")),
(82, (0, 1.0, 0, "Lead 3 (calliope)")),
(83, (0, 1.0, 0, "Lead 4 (chiff)")),
(84, (0, 1.0, 0, "Lead 5 (charang)")),
(85, (0, 1.0, 0, "Lead 6 (voice)")),
(86, (0, 1.0, 0, "Lead 7 (fifths)")),
(87, (0, 1.0, 0, "Lead 8 (bass + lead)")),
(88, (0, 1.0, 0, "Pad 1 (new age)")),
(89, (0, 1.0, 0, "Pad 2 (warm)")),
(90, (0, 1.0, 0, "Pad 3 (polysynth)")),
(91, (0, 1.0, 0, "Pad 4 (choir)")),
(92, (0, 1.0, 0, "Pad 5 (bowed)")),
(93, (0, 1.0, 0, "Pad 6 (metallic)")),
(94, (0, 1.0, 0, "Pad 7 (halo)")),
(95, (0, 1.0, 0, "Pad 8 (sweep)")),
(96, (0, 1.0, 0, "FX 1 (rain)")),
(97, (0, 1.0, 0, "FX 2 (soundtrack)")),
(98, (0, 1.0, 0, "FX 3 (crystal)")),
(99, (0, 1.0, 0, "FX 4 (atmosphere)")),
(100, (0, 1.0, 0, "FX 5 (brightness)")),
(101, (0, 1.0, 0, "FX 6 (goblins)")),
(102, (0, 1.0, 0, "FX 7 (echoes)")),
(103, (0, 1.0, 0, "FX 8 (sci-fi)")),
(104, (0, 1.0, 0, "Sitar")),
(105, (0, 1.0, 0, "Banjo")),
(106, (0, 1.0, 0, "Shamisen")),
(107, (0, 1.0, 0, "Koto")),
(108, (0, 1.0, 0, "Kalimba")),
(109, (0, 1.0, 0, "Bagpipe")),
(110, (0, 1.0, 0, "Fiddle")),
(111, (0, 1.0, 0, "Shanai")),
(112, (0, 1.0, 0, "Tinkle Bell")),
(113, (0, 1.0, 0, "Agogo")),
(114, (0, 1.0, 0, "Steel Drums")),
(115, (0, 1.0, 0, "Woodblock")),
(116, (0, 1.0, 0, "Taiko Drum")),
(117, (0, 1.0, 0, "Melodic Tom")),
(118, (0, 1.0, 0, "Synth Drum")),
(119, (0, 1.0, 0, "Reverse Cymbal")),
(120, (0, 1.0, 0, "Guitar Fret Noise")),
(121, (0, 1.0, 0, "Breath Noise")),
(122, (0, 1.0, 0, "Seashore")),
(123, (0, 1.0, 0, "Bird Tweet")),
(124, (0, 1.0, 0, "Telephone Ring")),
(125, (0, 1.0, 0, "Helicopter")),
(126, (0, 1.0, 0, "Applause")),
(127, (0, 1.0, 0, "Gunshot"))
]
gmPerc :: [(Int, String)]
gmPerc = [
(35, "Bass Drum 2"),
(36, "Bass Drum 1"),
(37, "Side Stick/Rimshot"),
(38, "Snare Drum 1"),
(39, "Hand Clap"),
(40, "Snare Drum 2"),
(41, "Low Tom 2"),
(42, "Closed Hi-hat"),
(43, "Low Tom 1"),
(44, "Pedal Hi-hat"),
(45, "Mid Tom 2"),
(46, "Open Hi-hat"),
(47, "Mid Tom 1"),
(48, "High Tom 2"),
(49, "Crash Cymbal 1"),
(50, "High Tom 1"),
(51, "Ride Cymbal 1"),
(52, "Chinese Cymbal"),
(53, "Ride Bell"),
(54, "Tambourine"),
(55, "Splash Cymbal"),
(56, "Cowbell"),
(57, "Crash Cymbal 2"),
(58, "Vibra Slap"),
(59, "Ride Cymbal 2"),
(60, "High Bongo"),
(61, "Low Bongo"),
(62, "Mute High Conga"),
(63, "Open High Conga"),
(64, "Low Conga"),
(65, "High Timbale"),
(66, "Low Timbale"),
(67, "High Agogô"),
(68, "Low Agogô"),
(69, "Cabasa"),
(70, "Maracas"),
(71, "Short Whistle"),
(72, "Long Whistle"),
(73, "Short Güiro"),
(74, "Long Güiro"),
(75, "Claves"),
(76, "High Wood Block"),
(77, "Low Wood Block"),
(78, "Mute Cuíca"),
(79, "Open Cuíca"),
(80, "Mute Triangle"),
(81, "Open Triangle")
]
--
-- data Section
-- = Woodwind
-- | Brass
-- | Percussion
-- | Keyboard
-- | Voices
-- | Strings
--
-- data VoicePart
-- = Soprano
-- | MezzoSoprano
-- | Alto
-- | Tenor
-- | Baritone
-- | Bass
--
--
-- data GMInstrumentType
-- = GMPiano
-- | GMChromaticPercussion
-- | GMOrgan
-- | GMGuitar
-- | GMBass
-- | GMStrings
-- | GMEnsemble
-- | GMBrass
-- | GMReed
-- | GMPipe
-- | GMSynthLead
-- | GMSynthPad
-- | GMSynthEffects
-- | GMEthnic
-- | GMPercussive
-- | GMSoundEffects
{-
## Terminology: Voice vs Part
A voice is a container of notes (non-overlapping)
A part is an identifier for a set of singers/musicians AND all the notes in a score
designated for this set of performers. Part extraction has the type
extractParts :: HasPart a => Score a -> [Score a]
I.e. in a score for piano and ensemble, certain notes may be *in the piano part*, i.e.
designated for the piano. Typically, a part is monophonic or polyphonic. A monophonic
part is a voice, i.e.
-- | Are there overlapping notes?
isMonophonic :: Score a -> Bool
-- | Fails for polyphonic scores.
scoreToVoice :: Score a -> Voice (Maybe a)
A polyphonic score contains several voices, i.e.
scoreToVoices :: Score a -> [Voice (Maybe a)]
A part is any type a that satisfies (Ord a, Show a).
Optionally, we may add a contraint (HasPartName a), i.e.
class HasPartName a where
partName :: a -> String
partAbbr :: a -> String
These contraints are used when printing scores (to get the order of the parts and their name).
Vln1, Vln2 etc.
Often we want to group parts, i.e.
Chorus {
Sop { Sop1 Sop2 }
Alto { Alto1 Alto2 }
Ten { Ten1 Ten 2 }
Bass { Bass1 Bass2 }
}
Orchestra {
Woodwinds { ... }
Brass { ... }
Perc { ... }
Strings { ... }
}
isInGroup :: Group -> Part -> Bool
partGroups :: Part -> [Group]
partGroup :: (Part -> [Group] -> a) -> Group -> a
tree :: (a -> [Tree a] -> b) -> Tree a -> b
data MyPart
= Fl
| Sop
| Vl1
| Vl2
| Pno
-}
newtype BasicPart = BasicPart { getBasicPart :: Integer }
deriving (Eq, Ord, Num, Integral, Real, Enum, Typeable)
instance Default BasicPart where def = BasicPart 0
instance Show BasicPart where
show _ = ""