logic-TPTP-0.2.0.4: Codec/TPTP/Base.hs
{-# LANGUAGE CPP, TemplateHaskell, NoMonomorphismRestriction, RecordWildCards
, StandaloneDeriving, MultiParamTypeClasses, FunctionalDependencies
, TypeSynonymInstances, FlexibleInstances, FlexibleContexts
, UndecidableInstances, DeriveDataTypeable, GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving
, OverlappingInstances
#-}
module Codec.TPTP.Base where
import Data.Generics
import Data.Set as S hiding(fold)
import Control.Applicative
--import Data.Foldable
import Prelude --hiding(concat,foldl,foldl1,foldr,foldr1)
--import Data.Foldable
--import Test.QuickCheck.Instances
import Test.QuickCheck hiding ((.&.))
import Data.Char
import Codec.TPTP.QuickCheck
import Data.String
import Data.Monoid hiding(All)
import Control.Monad.Identity
import Control.Monad.State
import Data.Function
-- Should be in the standard library
deriving instance Eq a => Eq (Identity a)
deriving instance Ord a => Ord (Identity a)
deriving instance Show a => Show (Identity a)
deriving instance Read a => Read (Identity a)
deriving instance Data a => Data (Identity a)
deriving instance Typeable1 Identity
-- * Basic undecorated formulae and terms
-- | Basic (undecorated) first-order formulae
type Formula = F Identity
-- | Basic (undecorated) terms
type Term = T Identity
-- * Formulae and terms decoreated with state
-- | First-order formulae decorated with state
type FormulaST s = F (State s)
-- | Terms decorated with state
type TermST s = T (State s)
-- | First-order formulae decorated with comments
type FormulaC = FormulaST [String]
-- | Terms decorated with comments
type TermC = TermST [String]
-- | Forget comments in formulae decoreated with comments
forgetFC :: FormulaC -> Formula
forgetFC (F f) = F . return $
case evalState f [] of
BinOp f1 op f2 -> BinOp (forgetFC f1) op (forgetFC f2)
InfixPred t1 pred t2 -> InfixPred (forgetTC t1) pred (forgetTC t1)
PredApp aw ts -> PredApp aw (fmap forgetTC ts)
Quant quant vs f -> Quant quant vs (forgetFC f)
(:~:) f -> (:~:) (forgetFC f)
-- | Forget comments in terms decoreated with comments
forgetTC :: TermC -> Term
forgetTC (T t) = T . return $
case evalState t [] of
Var v -> Var v
NumberLitTerm d -> NumberLitTerm d
DistinctObjectTerm s -> DistinctObjectTerm s
FunApp aw ts -> FunApp aw (fmap forgetTC ts)
-- | Equivalence
--
-- Don't let the type context of these wrapper function confuse you :) -- the important special case is just:
--
-- @\(\.\<\=\>\.\) :: 'Formula' -> 'Formula' -> 'Formula'@
(.<=>.) ::
(Pointed (Formula0 (T c) (F c)) (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c)))) =>
(F c) -> (F c) -> F c
x .<=>. y = (F . point) $ BinOp x (:<=>:) y
-- | Implication
(.=>.) ::
(Pointed (Formula0 (T c) (F c)) (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c)))) =>
(F c) -> (F c) -> F c
x .=>. y = (F . point) $ BinOp x (:=>:) y
-- | Reverse implication
(.<=.) ::
(Pointed (Formula0 (T c) (F c)) (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c)))) =>
(F c) -> (F c) -> F c
x .<=. y = (F . point) $ BinOp x (:<=:) y
-- | Disjunction/OR
(.|.) ::
(Pointed (Formula0 (T c) (F c)) (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c)))) =>
(F c) -> (F c) -> F c
x .|. y = (F . point) $ BinOp x (:|:) y
-- | Conjunction/AND
(.&.) ::
(Pointed (Formula0 (T c) (F c)) (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c)))) =>
(F c) -> (F c) -> F c
x .&. y = (F . point) $ BinOp x (:&:) y
-- | XOR
(.<~>.) ::
(Pointed (Formula0 (T c) (F c)) (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c)))) =>
(F c) -> (F c) -> F c
x .<~>. y = (F . point) $ BinOp x (:<~>:) y
-- | NOR
(.~|.) ::
(Pointed (Formula0 (T c) (F c)) (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c)))) =>
(F c) -> (F c) -> F c
x .~|. y = (F . point) $ BinOp x (:~|:) y
-- | NAND
(.~&.) ::
(Pointed (Formula0 (T c) (F c)) (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c)))) =>
(F c) -> (F c) -> F c
x .~&. y = (F . point) $ BinOp x (:~&:) y
-- | Negation
(.~.) ::
(Pointed (Formula0 (T c) (F c)) (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c)))) =>
(F c) -> F c
(.~.) x = (F . point) $ (:~:) x
-- | Equality
(.=.) ::
(Pointed (Formula0 (T c) (F c)) (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c)))) =>
(T c) -> (T c) -> F c
x .=. y = (F . point) $ InfixPred x (:=:) y
-- | Inequality
(.!=.) ::
(Pointed (Formula0 (T c) (F c)) (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c)))) =>
(T c) -> (T c) -> F c
x .!=. y = (F . point) $ InfixPred x (:!=:) y
-- | Universal quantification
for_all ::
(Pointed (Formula0 (T c) (F c)) (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c)))) =>
[V] -> (F c) -> F c
for_all vars x = (F . point) $ Quant All vars x
-- | Existential quantification
exists ::
(Pointed (Formula0 (T c) (F c)) (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c)))) =>
[V] -> (F c) -> F c
exists vars x = (F . point) $ Quant Exists vars x
-- | Predicate symbol application
pApp ::
(Pointed (Formula0 (T c) (F c)) (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c)))) =>
AtomicWord -> [T c] -> F c
pApp x args = (F . point) $ PredApp x args
-- | Variable
var ::
(Pointed (Term0 (T c)) (c (Term0 (T c)))) =>
V -> T c
var = (T . point) . Var
-- | Function symbol application (constants are encoded as nullary functions)
fApp ::
(Pointed (Term0 (T c)) (c (Term0 (T c)))) =>
AtomicWord -> [T c] -> T c
fApp x args = (T . point) $ FunApp x args
-- | Number literal
numberLitTerm ::
(Pointed (Term0 (T c)) (c (Term0 (T c)))) =>
Double -> T c
numberLitTerm = (T . point) . NumberLitTerm
-- | Double-quoted string literal, called /Distinct Object/ in TPTP's grammar
distinctObjectTerm ::
(Pointed (Term0 (T c)) (c (Term0 (T c)))) =>
String -> T c
distinctObjectTerm = (T . point) . DistinctObjectTerm
infixl 2 .<=>. , .=>. , .<=. , .<~>.
infixl 3 .|. , .~|.
infixl 4 .&. , .~&.
infixl 5 .=. , .!=.
-- * General decorated formulae and terms
-- | See <http://haskell.org/haskellwiki/Indirect_composite> for the point of the type parameters (they allow for future decorations, e.g. monadic subformulae). If you don't need decorations, you can just use 'Formula' and the wrapped constructors above.
data Formula0 term formula =
BinOp formula BinOp formula -- ^ Binary connective application
| InfixPred term InfixPred term -- ^ Infix predicate application (equalities, inequalities)
| PredApp AtomicWord [term] -- ^ Predicate application
| Quant Quant [V] formula -- ^ Quantified formula
| (:~:) formula -- ^ Negation
deriving (Eq,Ord,Show,Read,Data,Typeable)
-- | See <http://haskell.org/haskellwiki/Indirect_composite> for the point of the type parameters (they allow for future decorations). If you don't need decorations, you can just use 'Term' and the wrapped constructors above.
data Term0 term =
Var V -- ^ Variable
| NumberLitTerm Double -- ^ Number literal
| DistinctObjectTerm String -- ^ Double-quoted item
| FunApp AtomicWord [term] -- ^ Function symbol application (constants are encoded as nullary functions)
deriving (Eq,Ord,Show,Read,Data,Typeable)
-- | Formulae whose subexpressions are wrapped in the given type constructor @c@.
--
-- For example:
--
-- - @c = 'Identity'@: Plain formulae
--
-- - @c = 'Maybe'@: Formulae that may contain \"holes\"
--
-- - @c = 'IORef'@: (Mutable) formulae with mutable subexpressions
newtype F c = F { runF :: c (Formula0 (T c) (F c)) }
-- | Terms whose subterms are wrapped in the given type constructor @c@
newtype T c = T { runT :: c (Term0 (T c)) }
-- | Binary formula connectives
data BinOp =
-- Please don't change the constructor names (the Show instance is significant)
(:<=>:) -- ^ Equivalence
| (:=>:) -- ^ Implication
| (:<=:) -- ^ Reverse Implication
| (:&:) -- ^ AND
| (:|:) -- ^ OR
| (:~&:) -- ^ NAND
| (:~|:) -- ^ NOR
| (:<~>:) -- ^ XOR
deriving (Eq,Ord,Show,Read,Data,Typeable,Enum,Bounded)
-- | /Term -> Term -> Formula/ infix connectives
data InfixPred =
-- Please don't change the constructor names (the Show instance is significant)
(:=:) | (:!=:)
deriving (Eq,Ord,Show,Read,Data,Typeable,Enum,Bounded)
-- | Quantifier specification
data Quant = All | Exists
deriving (Eq,Ord,Show,Read,Data,Typeable,Enum,Bounded)
-- * Formula Metadata
-- | A line of a TPTP file: Annotated formula, comment or include statement.
type TPTP_Input = TPTP_Input_ Identity
{-
-- | Annotated formulae
AFormula {
name :: AtomicWord
, role :: Role
, formula :: Formula
, annotations :: Annotations
}
| Comment String
| Include FilePath [AtomicWord]
deriving (Eq,Ord,Show,Read,Data,Typeable)
-}
-- | A line of a TPTP file: Annotated formula (with the comment string embbeded in the State monad ), comment or include statement
type TPTP_Input_C = TPTP_Input_ (State [String])
-- | Forget comments in a line of a TPTP file decoreated with comments
forgetTIC :: TPTP_Input_C -> TPTP_Input
forgetTIC tic@(AFormula {}) = tic { formula = forgetFC (formula tic) }
forgetTIC (Comment s) = Comment s
forgetTIC (Include p aws) = Include p aws
-- | generalized TPTP_Input
data TPTP_Input_ c =
-- | Annotated formulae
AFormula {
name :: AtomicWord
, role :: Role
, formula :: F c
, annotations :: Annotations
}
| Comment String
| Include FilePath [AtomicWord]
deriving instance Eq (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c))) => Eq (TPTP_Input_ c)
deriving instance Ord (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c))) => Ord (TPTP_Input_ c)
deriving instance Show (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c))) => Show (TPTP_Input_ c)
deriving instance Read (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c))) => Read (TPTP_Input_ c)
deriving instance (Typeable1 c, Data (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c)))) => Data (TPTP_Input_ c)
instance Typeable1 c => Typeable (TPTP_Input_ c) where
typeOf ti = mkTyCon "TPTP_Input_" `mkTyConApp` [typeOf1 (runF $ formula ti)]
-- hopefully (runF $ formula ti) never gets evaluated
-- | Annotations about the formulas origin
data Annotations = NoAnnotations | Annotations GTerm UsefulInfo
deriving (Eq,Ord,Show,Read,Data,Typeable)
-- | Misc annotations
data UsefulInfo = NoUsefulInfo | UsefulInfo [GTerm]
deriving (Eq,Ord,Show,Read,Data,Typeable)
-- | Formula roles -- why isn't this newtype??
data Role = Role { unrole :: String }
deriving (Eq,Ord,Show,Read,Data,Typeable)
-- | Metadata (the /general_data/ rule in TPTP's grammar)
data GData = GWord AtomicWord
| GApp AtomicWord [GTerm]
| GVar V
| GNumber Double
| GDistinctObject String
| GFormulaData String Formula
deriving (Eq,Ord,Show,Read,Data,Typeable)
-- | Metadata (the /general_term/ rule in TPTP's grammar)
data GTerm = ColonSep GData GTerm
| GTerm GData
| GList [GTerm]
deriving (Eq,Ord,Show,Read,Data,Typeable)
-- * Gathering free Variables
-- class FormulaOrTerm c a where
-- elimFormulaOrTerm :: (F c -> r) -> (T c -> r) -> a -> r
-- instance FormulaOrTerm Identity Formula where
-- elimFormulaOrTerm k _ x = k x
-- instance FormulaOrTerm Identity Term where
-- elimFormulaOrTerm _ k x = k x
class FreeVars a where
-- | Obtain the free variables from a formula or term
freeVars :: a -> Set V
-- | Universally quantify all free variables in the formula
univquant_free_vars :: Formula -> Formula
univquant_free_vars cnf =
case S.toList (freeVars cnf) of
[] -> cnf
vars -> for_all vars cnf
instance FreeVars Formula where
freeVars = foldF
freeVars
(\_ vars x -> S.difference (freeVars x) (S.fromList vars))
(\x _ y -> (mappend `on` freeVars) x y)
(\x _ y -> (mappend `on` freeVars) x y)
(\_ args -> S.unions (fmap freeVars args))
instance FreeVars Term where
freeVars = foldT
(const mempty)
(const mempty)
S.singleton
(\_ args -> S.unions (fmap freeVars args))
--- Have the Arbitrary instances in this module to avoid orphan instances
instance Arbitrary TPTP_Input
where arbitrary = frequency [(10,
do
x1 <- AtomicWord <$> arbLowerWord
x2 <- arbitrary
x3 <- arbitrary
x4 <- arbitrary
return (AFormula x1 x2 x3 x4))
, (1,
do
x1 <- arbPrintable
return (Comment ("% "++x1))
)
, (1, Include `fmap` arbLowerWord `ap`
listOf arbitrary)
]
instance Arbitrary Formula
where arbitrary = fmap (F . point) arbitrary
instance Arbitrary Term
where arbitrary = fmap (T . point) arbitrary
instance Arbitrary Annotations
where arbitrary = oneof [
return NoAnnotations
, Annotations `fmap` arbitrary `ap` arbitrary
]
instance Arbitrary UsefulInfo
where arbitrary = oneof [
return NoUsefulInfo
, do
x1 <- arbitrary
return (UsefulInfo x1)
]
instance Arbitrary Role
where arbitrary = Role `fmap` arbLowerWord
#define TRACE(X) id
instance (Arbitrary a, Arbitrary b) => Arbitrary (Formula0 a b)
where arbitrary = sized (\n -> TRACE("arbitrary/Formula0") go n)
where
go 0 = flip PredApp [] `fmap` arbitrary
go i =
oneof [ do
ileft <- choose (0,i-1)
x1 <- resize ileft arbitrary
x2 <- arbitrary
x3 <- resize (i - 1 - ileft) arbitrary
return (BinOp x1 x2 x3)
, do
x1 <- arbitrary
x2 <- arbitrary
x3 <- arbitrary
return (InfixPred x1 x2 x3)
, do
x1 <- arbitrary
x2 <- argsFreq vector
return (PredApp x1 x2)
, do
x1 <- arbitrary
x2 <- liftM2 (:) arbitrary (argsFreq (\nargs -> vectorOf nargs arbitrary))
x3 <- resize (i-1) arbitrary
return (Quant x1 x2 x3)
, do
x1 <- resize (i-1) arbitrary
return ((:~:) x1)
]
instance Arbitrary BinOp
where arbitrary = elements
[ (:<=>:)
, (:=>:)
, (:<=:)
, (:&:)
, (:|:)
, (:~&:)
, (:~|:)
, (:<~>:)
]
instance Arbitrary InfixPred
where arbitrary = elements [ (:=:),(:!=:) ]
instance Arbitrary Quant
where arbitrary = elements [All,Exists]
instance Arbitrary a => Arbitrary (Term0 a)
where arbitrary = sized (\n -> TRACE("arbitrary/Term0") go n)
where
go 0 = frequency [ (2,Var <$> arbitrary), (1,FunApp `fmap` arbitrary `ap` return[] ) ]
go i = oneof [
do
x1 <- arbitrary
return (Var x1)
, arbNum NumberLitTerm
, do
x1 <- arbPrintable
return (DistinctObjectTerm x1)
, do
x1 <- arbitrary
args <- argsFreq
(\nargs -> do
parti <- arbPartition nargs (i-1)
mapM (flip resize arbitrary) parti
)
return (FunApp x1 args)
]
instance Arbitrary GData
where arbitrary = sized go
where
go 0 = oneof [ fmap GWord arbitrary
, fmap GVar arbitrary
]
go i =
oneof
[
GWord <$> arbitrary
,do
x1 <- arbLowerWord
args <- argsFreq
(\nargs -> do
parti <- arbPartition nargs (i-1)
mapM (flip resize arbitrary) parti
) `suchThat` ((/=) [])
return (GApp (AtomicWord x1) args)
,GVar <$> arbitrary
,arbNum GNumber
,GDistinctObject <$> arbPrintable
,GFormulaData `fmap` ((:) '$' `fmap` arbLowerWord) `ap` (sized (\n -> resize (n `div` 2) arbitrary))
]
instance Arbitrary GTerm
where arbitrary = sized go
where
go 0 = fmap GTerm arbitrary
go i =
oneof [
do
ileft <- choose(0,i-1)
x1 <- resize ileft arbitrary
x2 <- resize (i-1-ileft) arbitrary
return (ColonSep x1 x2)
, do
x1 <- arbitrary
return (GTerm x1)
, do
args <- argsFreq
(\nargs -> do
parti <- arbPartition nargs (i-1)
mapM (flip resize arbitrary) parti
) `suchThat` (/= [])
return (GList args)
]
-- | TPTP constant symbol\/predicate symbol\/function symbol identifiers (they are output in single quotes unless they are /lower_word/s).
--
-- Tip: Use the @-XOverloadedStrings@ compiler flag if you don't want to have to type /AtomicWord/ to construct an 'AtomicWord'
newtype AtomicWord = AtomicWord String
deriving (Eq,Ord,Show,Data,Typeable,Read,Monoid,IsString)
instance Arbitrary AtomicWord where
arbitrary = frequency [ (5, AtomicWord <$> arbLowerWord)
,(1, AtomicWord <$> arbPrintable)
]
-- | Variable names
newtype V = V String
deriving (Eq,Ord,Show,Data,Typeable,Read,Monoid,IsString)
instance Arbitrary V where
arbitrary = V <$> arbVar
-- * Fixed-point style decorated formulae and terms
#define DI(X) deriving instance (X (c (Term0 (T c)))) => X (T c); deriving instance (X (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c)))) => X (F c)
DI(Eq)
DI(Ord)
DI(Show)
DI(Read)
instance Typeable1 c => Typeable (F c) where
typeOf =
let tc = mkTyCon "F"
in (\(F x) -> mkTyConApp tc [typeOf1 x])
instance Typeable1 c => Typeable (T c) where
typeOf =
let tc = mkTyCon "T"
in (\(T x) -> mkTyConApp tc [typeOf1 x])
deriving instance (Typeable1 c, Data (c (Term0 (T c)))) => Data (T c)
deriving instance (Typeable1 c, Data (c (Formula0 (T c) (F c)))) => Data (F c)
-- | This class is used in several utility functions involving 'F' and 'T'.
--
-- Conceptually 'point' should be of type @a -> m a@, but we need the extra flexibility to make restricted monads like 'Set' instances.
--
-- Note: We have @instance (Monad m) => Pointed a (m a)@, but Haddock currently doesn't display this.
class Pointed a b | b -> a where
point :: a -> b
instance (Monad m) => Pointed a (m a) where
point = return
instance Ord a => Pointed a (Set a) where
point = S.singleton
-- | This class is used in several utility functions involving 'F' and 'T'.
--
-- Conceptually 'copoint' should be of type @w a -> a@, but let's keep the extra flexibility.
class Copointed a b | b -> a where
copoint :: b -> a
instance Copointed a (Identity a) where
copoint (Identity x) = x
-- * Utility functions
unwrapF ::
(Copointed (Formula0 (T t) (F t)) (t (Formula0 (T t) (F t)))) =>
F t -> Formula0 (T t) (F t)
unwrapF (F x) = copoint x
unwrapT ::
(Copointed (Term0 (T t)) (t (Term0 (T t)))) =>
T t -> Term0 (T t)
unwrapT (T x) = copoint x
foldFormula0 ::
(f -> r)
-> (Quant -> [V] -> f -> r)
-> (f -> BinOp -> f -> r)
-> (t -> InfixPred -> t -> r)
-> (AtomicWord -> [t] -> r)
-> Formula0 t f
-> r
foldFormula0 kneg kquant kbinop kinfix kpredapp f =
case f of
(:~:) x -> kneg x
Quant x y z -> kquant x y z
BinOp x y z -> kbinop x y z
InfixPred x y z -> kinfix x y z
PredApp x y -> kpredapp x y
foldTerm0 ::
(String -> r)
-> (Double -> r)
-> (V -> r)
-> (AtomicWord -> [t] -> r)
-> Term0 t
-> r
foldTerm0 kdistinct knum kvar kfunapp t =
case t of
DistinctObjectTerm x -> kdistinct x
NumberLitTerm x -> knum x
Var x -> kvar x
FunApp x y -> kfunapp x y
-- | Eliminate formulae
foldF ::
(Copointed (Formula0 (T t) (F t)) (t (Formula0 (T t) (F t)))) =>
(F t -> r) -- ^ Handle negation
-> (Quant -> [V] -> F t -> r) -- ^ Handle quantification
-> (F t -> BinOp -> F t -> r) -- ^ Handle binary op
-> (T t -> InfixPred -> T t -> r) -- ^ Handle equality/inequality
-> (AtomicWord -> [T t] -> r) -- ^ Handle predicate symbol application
-> (F t -> r) -- ^ Handle formula
foldF kneg kquant kbinop kinfix kpredapp f = foldFormula0 kneg kquant kbinop kinfix kpredapp (unwrapF f)
-- | Eliminate terms
foldT ::
(Copointed (Term0 (T t)) (t (Term0 (T t)))) =>
(String -> r) -- ^ Handle string literal
-> (Double -> r) -- ^ Handle number literal
-> (V -> r) -- ^ Handle variable
-> (AtomicWord -> [T t] -> r) -- ^ Handle function symbol application
-> (T t -> r) -- ^ Handle term
foldT kdistinct knum kvar kfunapp t = foldTerm0 kdistinct knum kvar kfunapp (unwrapT t)