egison-5.0.0: sample/math/geometry/riemann-curvature-tensor-of-S7.egi
-- Riemann curvature tensor of S7
def x := [| α, β, γ, δ, ε, ζ, η |]
def X := [| r * cos α
, r * sin α * cos β
, r * sin α * sin β * cos γ
, r * sin α * sin β * sin γ * cos δ
, r * sin α * sin β * sin γ * sin δ * cos ε
, r * sin α * sin β * sin γ * sin δ * sin ε * cos ζ
, r * sin α * sin β * sin γ * sin δ * sin ε * sin ζ * cos η
, r * sin α * sin β * sin γ * sin δ * sin ε * sin ζ * sin η
|]
-- Local basis
def e_i_j : Matrix MathExpr := ∂/∂ X_j x~i
-- Metric tensor
def g_i_j := generateTensor (\[a, b] -> V.* e_a e_b) [7, 7]
def g~i~j := M.inverse g_#_#
assertEqual "Metric tensor g_1_#"
g_1_#
[| r^2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 |]_#
assertEqual "Metric tensor g_2_#"
g_2_#
[| 0, r^2 * (sin α)^2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 |]_#
-- Christoffel symbols
def Γ_i_j_k := (1 / 2) * (∂/∂ g_i_k x~j + ∂/∂ g_i_j x~k - ∂/∂ g_j_k x~i)
def Γ~i_j_k := withSymbols [m]
g~i~m . Γ_m_j_k
assertEqual "Christoffel symbols of the second kind Γ~1_#_#"
Γ~1_#_#
[| [| 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 |]
, [| 0, -1 * sin α * cos α, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 |]
, [| 0, 0, -1 * sin α * cos α * (sin β)^2, 0, 0, 0, 0 |]
, [| 0, 0, 0, -1 * sin α * cos α * (sin β)^2 * (sin γ)^2, 0, 0, 0 |]
, [| 0, 0, 0, 0, -1 * sin α * cos α * (sin β)^2 * (sin γ)^2 * (sin δ)^2, 0, 0 |]
, [| 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1 * sin α * cos α * (sin β)^2 * (sin γ)^2 * (sin δ)^2 * (sin ε)^2, 0 |]
, [| 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1 * sin α * cos α * (sin β)^2 * (sin γ)^2 * (sin δ)^2 * (sin ε)^2 * (sin ζ)^2 |]
|]_#_#
assertEqual "Christoffel symbols of the second kind Γ~2_#_#"
Γ~2_#_#
[| [| 0, (cos α) / (sin α), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 |]
, [| (cos α) / (sin α), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 |]
, [| 0, 0, -1 * sin β * cos β, 0, 0, 0, 0 |]
, [| 0, 0, 0, -1 * sin β * cos β * (sin γ)^2, 0, 0, 0 |]
, [| 0, 0, 0, 0, -1 * sin β * cos β * (sin γ)^2 * (sin δ)^2, 0, 0 |]
, [| 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1 * sin β * cos β * (sin γ)^2 * (sin δ)^2 * (sin ε)^2, 0 |]
, [| 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1 * sin β * cos β * (sin γ)^2 * (sin δ)^2 * (sin ε)^2 * (sin ζ)^2 |]
|]_#_#
-- Riemann curvature
def R~i_j_k_l := withSymbols [m]
∂/∂ Γ~i_j_l x~k - ∂/∂ Γ~i_j_k x~l + Γ~m_j_l . Γ~i_m_k - Γ~m_j_k . Γ~i_m_l
-- Ricci curvature
def Ric_i_j := withSymbols [m]
sum (contract R~m_i_m_j)
assertEqual "Ricci curvature Ric_1_#"
Ric_1_#
[| 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 |]_#
assertEqual "Ricci curvature Ric_2_#"
Ric_2_#
[| 0, 6 * (sin α)^2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 |]_#
-- Scalar curvature
def scalarCurvature := withSymbols [i, j]
g~i~j . Ric_i_j
-- For S^7, scalar curvature is n(n-1)/r^2 = 7*6/r^2 = 42/r^2
assertEqual "scalar curvature"
scalarCurvature
(42 / r^2)