diagrams-cairo-1.5: src/Diagrams/Backend/Cairo/Internal.hs
{-# LANGUAGE CPP #-}
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveDataTypeable #-}
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveGeneric #-}
{-# LANGUAGE ExistentialQuantification #-}
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts #-}
{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-}
{-# LANGUAGE GADTs #-}
{-# LANGUAGE MultiParamTypeClasses #-}
{-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TemplateHaskell #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TypeFamilies #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TypeOperators #-}
{-# LANGUAGE TypeSynonymInstances #-}
{-# LANGUAGE ViewPatterns #-}
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- |
-- Module : Diagrams.Backend.Cairo.Internal
-- Copyright : (c) 2011 Diagrams-cairo team (see LICENSE)
-- License : BSD-style (see LICENSE)
-- Maintainer : diagrams-discuss@googlegroups.com
--
-- This module contains the internal implementation guts of the
-- diagrams cairo backend. If you want to see how the cairo backend
-- works under the hood, you are in the right place (try clicking on
-- the \"Source\" links). (Guts under the hood, what an awful mixed
-- metaphor.) If you know what you are doing and really want access
-- to the internals of the implementation, you are also in the right
-- place. Otherwise, you should have no need of this module; import
-- "Diagrams.Backend.Cairo.CmdLine" or "Diagrams.Backend.Cairo"
-- instead.
--
-- The one exception is that this module may have to be imported
-- sometimes to work around an apparent bug in certain versions of
-- GHC, which results in a \"not in scope\" error for 'CairoOptions'.
--
-- The types of all the @fromX@ functions look funny in the Haddock
-- output, which displays them like @Type -> Type@. In fact they are
-- all of the form @Type -> Graphics.Rendering.Cairo.Type@, /i.e./
-- they convert from a diagrams type to a cairo type of the same name.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
module Diagrams.Backend.Cairo.Internal where
import Diagrams.Core.Compile
import Diagrams.Core.Transform
import Diagrams.Prelude hiding (font, opacity, view)
import Diagrams.TwoD.Adjust (adjustDia2D,
setDefault2DAttributes)
import Diagrams.TwoD.Path (Clip (Clip), getFillRule)
import Diagrams.TwoD.Text hiding (font)
import qualified Graphics.Rendering.Cairo as C
import qualified Graphics.Rendering.Cairo.Matrix as CM
import qualified Graphics.Rendering.Pango as P
import Codec.Picture
import Codec.Picture.Types (convertImage, packPixel,
promoteImage)
import Control.Exception (try)
import Control.Monad (when)
import Control.Monad.IO.Class
import qualified Control.Monad.StateStack as SS
import Control.Monad.Trans (lift)
import qualified Data.Array.MArray as MA
import Data.Bits (rotateL, (.&.))
import qualified Data.Foldable as F
import Data.Hashable (Hashable (..))
import Data.List (isSuffixOf)
import Data.Maybe (catMaybes, fromMaybe, isJust)
import Data.Tree
import Data.Typeable
import Data.Word (Word32)
import GHC.Generics (Generic)
-- | This data declaration is simply used as a token to distinguish
-- the cairo backend: (1) when calling functions where the type
-- inference engine would otherwise have no way to know which
-- backend you wanted to use, and (2) as an argument to the
-- 'Backend' and 'Renderable' type classes.
data Cairo = Cairo
deriving (Eq,Ord,Read,Show,Typeable)
type B = Cairo
type instance V Cairo = V2
type instance N Cairo = Double
-- | Output types supported by cairo, including four different file
-- types (PNG, PS, PDF, SVG). If you want to output directly to GTK
-- windows, see the @diagrams-gtk@ package.
data OutputType =
PNG -- ^ Portable Network Graphics output.
| PS -- ^ PostScript output
| PDF -- ^ Portable Document Format output.
| SVG -- ^ Scalable Vector Graphics output.
| RenderOnly -- ^ Don't output any file; the returned @IO ()@
-- action will do nothing, but the @Render ()@
-- action can be used (/e.g./ to draw to a Gtk
-- window; see the @diagrams-gtk@ package).
deriving (Eq, Ord, Read, Show, Bounded, Enum, Typeable, Generic)
instance Hashable OutputType
-- | Custom state tracked in the 'RenderM' monad.
data CairoState
= CairoState { _accumStyle :: Style V2 Double
-- ^ The current accumulated style.
, _ignoreFill :: Bool
-- ^ Whether or not we saw any lines in the most
-- recent path (as opposed to loops). If we did,
-- we should ignore any fill attribute.
-- diagrams-lib separates lines and loops into
-- separate path primitives so we don't have to
-- worry about seeing them together in the same
-- path.
}
$(makeLenses ''CairoState)
instance Default CairoState where
def = CairoState
{ _accumStyle = mempty
, _ignoreFill = False
}
-- | The custom monad in which intermediate drawing options take
-- place; 'Graphics.Rendering.Cairo.Render' is cairo's own rendering
-- monad.
type RenderM a = SS.StateStackT CairoState C.Render a
liftC :: C.Render a -> RenderM a
liftC = lift
runRenderM :: RenderM a -> C.Render a
runRenderM = flip SS.evalStateStackT def
-- | Push the current context onto a stack.
save :: RenderM ()
save = SS.save >> liftC C.save
-- | Restore the context from a stack.
restore :: RenderM ()
restore = liftC C.restore >> SS.restore
instance Backend Cairo V2 Double where
data Render Cairo V2 Double = C (RenderM ())
type Result Cairo V2 Double = (IO (), C.Render ())
data Options Cairo V2 Double = CairoOptions
{ _cairoFileName :: String -- ^ The name of the file you want generated
, _cairoSizeSpec :: SizeSpec V2 Double -- ^ The requested size of the output
, _cairoOutputType :: OutputType -- ^ the output format and associated options
, _cairoBypassAdjust :: Bool -- ^ Should the 'adjustDia' step be bypassed during rendering?
}
deriving (Show, Eq)
renderRTree _ opts t = (renderIO, r)
where
r = runRenderM .runC . toRender $ t
renderIO = do
let surfaceF s = C.renderWith s r
V2 w h = specToSize 1 (opts^.cairoSizeSpec)
case opts^.cairoOutputType of
PNG ->
C.withImageSurface C.FormatARGB32 (round w) (round h) $ \surface -> do
surfaceF surface
C.surfaceWriteToPNG surface (opts^.cairoFileName)
PS -> C.withPSSurface (opts^.cairoFileName) w h surfaceF
PDF -> C.withPDFSurface (opts^.cairoFileName) w h surfaceF
SVG -> C.withSVGSurface (opts^.cairoFileName) w h surfaceF
RenderOnly -> return ()
adjustDia c opts d = if _cairoBypassAdjust opts
then (opts, mempty, d # setDefault2DAttributes)
else let (opts', transformation, d') = adjustDia2D cairoSizeSpec c opts (d # reflectY)
in (opts', transformation <> reflectionY, d')
runC :: Render Cairo V2 Double -> RenderM ()
runC (C r) = r
instance Semigroup (Render Cairo V2 Double) where
C rd1 <> C rd2 = C (rd1 >> rd2)
instance Monoid (Render Cairo V2 Double) where
mempty = C $ return ()
#if !(MIN_VERSION_base(4,11,0))
mappend = (<>)
#endif
instance Hashable (Options Cairo V2 Double) where
hashWithSalt s (CairoOptions fn sz out adj)
= s `hashWithSalt`
fn `hashWithSalt`
sz `hashWithSalt`
out `hashWithSalt`
adj
toRender :: RTree Cairo V2 Double a -> Render Cairo V2 Double
toRender (Node (RPrim p) _) = render Cairo p
toRender (Node (RStyle sty) rs) = C $ do
save
cairoStyle sty
accumStyle %= (<> sty)
runC $ F.foldMap toRender rs
restore
toRender (Node _ rs) = F.foldMap toRender rs
cairoFileName :: Lens' (Options Cairo V2 Double) String
cairoFileName = lens (\(CairoOptions {_cairoFileName = f}) -> f)
(\o f -> o {_cairoFileName = f})
cairoSizeSpec :: Lens' (Options Cairo V2 Double) (SizeSpec V2 Double)
cairoSizeSpec = lens (\(CairoOptions {_cairoSizeSpec = s}) -> s)
(\o s -> o {_cairoSizeSpec = s})
cairoOutputType :: Lens' (Options Cairo V2 Double) OutputType
cairoOutputType = lens (\(CairoOptions {_cairoOutputType = t}) -> t)
(\o t -> o {_cairoOutputType = t})
cairoBypassAdjust :: Lens' (Options Cairo V2 Double) Bool
cairoBypassAdjust = lens (\(CairoOptions {_cairoBypassAdjust = b}) -> b)
(\o b -> o {_cairoBypassAdjust = b})
-- | Render an object that the cairo backend knows how to render.
renderC :: (Renderable a Cairo, V a ~ V2, N a ~ Double) => a -> RenderM ()
renderC = runC . render Cairo
-- | Get an accumulated style attribute from the render monad state.
getStyleAttrib :: AttributeClass a => (a -> b) -> RenderM (Maybe b)
getStyleAttrib f = (fmap f . getAttr) <$> use accumStyle
-- | Handle those style attributes for which we can immediately emit
-- cairo instructions as we encounter them in the tree (clip, font
-- size, fill rule, line width, cap, join, and dashing). Other
-- attributes (font face, slant, weight; fill color, stroke color,
-- opacity) must be accumulated.
cairoStyle :: Style v Double -> RenderM ()
cairoStyle s =
sequence_
. catMaybes $ [ handle clip
, handle lFillRule
, handle lWidth
, handle lCap
, handle lJoin
, handle lDashing
]
where handle :: AttributeClass a => (a -> RenderM ()) -> Maybe (RenderM ())
handle f = f `fmap` getAttr s
clip = mapM_ (\p -> cairoPath p >> liftC C.clip) . op Clip
lFillRule = liftC . C.setFillRule . fromFillRule . getFillRule
lWidth = liftC . C.setLineWidth . getLineWidth
lCap = liftC . C.setLineCap . fromLineCap . getLineCap
lJoin = liftC . C.setLineJoin . fromLineJoin . getLineJoin
lDashing (getDashing -> Dashing ds offs) =
liftC $ C.setDash ds offs
fromFontSlant :: FontSlant -> P.FontStyle
fromFontSlant FontSlantNormal = P.StyleNormal
fromFontSlant FontSlantItalic = P.StyleItalic
fromFontSlant FontSlantOblique = P.StyleOblique
fromFontWeight :: FontWeight -> P.Weight
fromFontWeight FontWeightBold = P.WeightBold
fromFontWeight _ = P.WeightNormal
-- | Multiply the current transformation matrix by the given 2D
-- transformation.
cairoTransf :: T2 Double -> C.Render ()
cairoTransf t = C.transform m
where m = CM.Matrix a1 a2 b1 b2 c1 c2
(unr2 -> (a1,a2)) = apply t unitX
(unr2 -> (b1,b2)) = apply t unitY
(unr2 -> (c1,c2)) = transl t
fromLineCap :: LineCap -> C.LineCap
fromLineCap LineCapButt = C.LineCapButt
fromLineCap LineCapRound = C.LineCapRound
fromLineCap LineCapSquare = C.LineCapSquare
fromLineJoin :: LineJoin -> C.LineJoin
fromLineJoin LineJoinMiter = C.LineJoinMiter
fromLineJoin LineJoinRound = C.LineJoinRound
fromLineJoin LineJoinBevel = C.LineJoinBevel
fromFillRule :: FillRule -> C.FillRule
fromFillRule Winding = C.FillRuleWinding
fromFillRule EvenOdd = C.FillRuleEvenOdd
instance Renderable (Segment Closed V2 Double) Cairo where
render _ (Linear (OffsetClosed v)) = C . liftC $ uncurry C.relLineTo (unr2 v)
render _ (Cubic (unr2 -> (x1,y1))
(unr2 -> (x2,y2))
(OffsetClosed (unr2 -> (x3,y3))))
= C . liftC $ C.relCurveTo x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 y3
instance Renderable (Trail V2 Double) Cairo where
render _ = withTrail renderLine renderLoop
where
renderLine ln = C $ do
mapM_ renderC (lineSegments ln)
-- remember that we saw a Line, so we will ignore fill attribute
ignoreFill .= True
renderLoop lp = C $ do
case loopSegments lp of
-- let closePath handle the last segment if it is linear
(segs, Linear _) -> mapM_ renderC segs
-- otherwise we have to draw it explicitly
_ -> mapM_ renderC (lineSegments . cutLoop $ lp)
liftC C.closePath
instance Renderable (Path V2 Double) Cairo where
render _ p = C $ do
cairoPath p
f <- getStyleAttrib getFillTexture
s <- getStyleAttrib getLineTexture
ign <- use ignoreFill
setTexture f
when (isJust f && not ign) $ liftC C.fillPreserve
setTexture s
liftC C.stroke
-- Add a path to the Cairo context, without stroking or filling it.
cairoPath :: Path V2 Double -> RenderM ()
cairoPath (Path trs) = do
liftC C.newPath
ignoreFill .= False
F.mapM_ renderTrail trs
where
renderTrail (viewLoc -> (unp2 -> p, tr)) = do
liftC $ uncurry C.moveTo p
renderC tr
addStop :: MonadIO m => C.Pattern -> GradientStop Double -> m ()
addStop p s = C.patternAddColorStopRGBA p (s^.stopFraction) r g b a
where
(r,g,b,a) = colorToSRGBA (s^.stopColor)
cairoSpreadMethod :: SpreadMethod -> C.Extend
cairoSpreadMethod GradPad = C.ExtendPad
cairoSpreadMethod GradReflect = C.ExtendReflect
cairoSpreadMethod GradRepeat = C.ExtendRepeat
-- XXX should handle opacity in a more straightforward way, using
-- cairo's built-in support for transparency? See also
-- https://github.com/diagrams/diagrams-cairo/issues/15 .
setTexture :: Maybe (Texture Double) -> RenderM ()
setTexture Nothing = return ()
setTexture (Just (SC (SomeColor c))) = do
o <- fromMaybe 1 <$> getStyleAttrib getOpacity
liftC (C.setSourceRGBA r g b (o*a))
where (r,g,b,a) = colorToSRGBA c
setTexture (Just (LG g)) = liftC $
C.withLinearPattern x0 y0 x1 y1 $ \pat -> do
mapM_ (addStop pat) (g^.lGradStops)
C.patternSetMatrix pat m
C.patternSetExtend pat (cairoSpreadMethod (g^.lGradSpreadMethod))
C.setSource pat
where
m = CM.Matrix a1 a2 b1 b2 c1 c2
[[a1, a2], [b1, b2], [c1, c2]] = matrixHomRep (inv (g^.lGradTrans))
(x0, y0) = unp2 (g^.lGradStart)
(x1, y1) = unp2 (g^.lGradEnd)
setTexture (Just (RG g)) = liftC $
C.withRadialPattern x0 y0 r0 x1 y1 r1 $ \pat -> do
mapM_ (addStop pat) (g^.rGradStops)
C.patternSetMatrix pat m
C.patternSetExtend pat (cairoSpreadMethod (g^.rGradSpreadMethod))
C.setSource pat
where
m = CM.Matrix a1 a2 b1 b2 c1 c2
[[a1, a2], [b1, b2], [c1, c2]] = matrixHomRep (inv (g^.rGradTrans))
(r0, r1) = (g^.rGradRadius0, g^.rGradRadius1)
(x0', y0') = unp2 (g^.rGradCenter0)
(x1', y1') = unp2 (g^.rGradCenter1)
(x0, y0, x1, y1) = (x0' * (r1 - r0) / r1, y0' * (r1 - r0) / r1, x1' ,y1')
-- Can only do PNG files at the moment...
instance Renderable (DImage Double External) Cairo where
render _ (DImage path w h tr) = C . liftC $ do
let ImageRef file = path
if ".png" `isSuffixOf` file
then do
C.save
cairoTransf (tr <> reflectionY)
pngSurfChk <- liftIO (try $ C.imageSurfaceCreateFromPNG file
:: IO (Either IOError C.Surface))
case pngSurfChk of
Right pngSurf -> do
w' <- C.imageSurfaceGetWidth pngSurf
h' <- C.imageSurfaceGetHeight pngSurf
let sz = fromIntegral <$> dims2D w h
cairoTransf $ requiredScaling sz (fromIntegral <$> V2 w' h')
C.setSourceSurface pngSurf (-fromIntegral w' / 2)
(-fromIntegral h' / 2)
Left _ ->
liftIO . putStrLn $
"Warning: can't read image file <" ++ file ++ ">"
C.paint
C.restore
else
liftIO . putStr . unlines $
[ "Warning: Cairo backend can currently only render embedded"
, " images in .png format. Ignoring <" ++ file ++ ">."
]
-- Copied from Rasterific backend. This function should probably be in JuicyPixels!
toImageRGBA8 :: DynamicImage -> Image PixelRGBA8
toImageRGBA8 (ImageRGBA8 i) = i
toImageRGBA8 (ImageRGB8 i) = promoteImage i
toImageRGBA8 (ImageYCbCr8 i) = promoteImage (convertImage i :: Image PixelRGB8)
toImageRGBA8 (ImageY8 i) = promoteImage i
toImageRGBA8 (ImageYA8 i) = promoteImage i
toImageRGBA8 (ImageCMYK8 i) = promoteImage (convertImage i :: Image PixelRGB8)
toImageRGBA8 _ = error "Unsupported Pixel type"
instance Renderable (DImage Double Embedded) Cairo where
-- render _ (DImage path w h tr) =
render _ (DImage iD _w _h tr) = C . liftC $ do
C.save
cairoTransf (tr <> reflectionY)
let fmt = C.FormatARGB32
dataSurf <- liftIO $ C.createImageSurface fmt w h
surData :: C.SurfaceData Int Word32
<- liftIO $ C.imageSurfaceGetPixels dataSurf
stride <- C.imageSurfaceGetStride dataSurf
_ <- forMOf imageIPixels img $ \(x, y, px) -> do
let p = y * (stride`div`4) + x
liftIO . MA.writeArray surData p $ toARGB px
return px
C.surfaceMarkDirty dataSurf
w' <- C.imageSurfaceGetWidth dataSurf
h' <- C.imageSurfaceGetHeight dataSurf
let sz = fromIntegral <$> dims2D w h
cairoTransf $ requiredScaling sz (fromIntegral <$> V2 w' h')
C.setSourceSurface dataSurf (-fromIntegral w' / 2)
(-fromIntegral h' / 2)
C.paint
C.restore
where
ImageRaster dImg = iD
img@(Image w h _) = toImageRGBA8 dImg
{-# INLINE toARGB #-}
-- Actually the name should be toBGRA, since that's the component order used by Cairo.
-- Really, what's happening here is just a swap of the R and B channels.
-- It seems a lot like this is dependent on endianness; perhaps we should handle this...
toARGB :: PixelRGBA8 -> Word32
toARGB px = ga + rotateL rb 16
where rgba = packPixel px
rb = rgba .&. 0x00FF00FF
ga = rgba .&. 0xFF00FF00
if' :: Monad m => (a -> m ()) -> Maybe a -> m ()
if' = maybe (return ())
instance Renderable (Text Double) Cairo where
render _ txt = C $ do
save
setTexture =<< getStyleAttrib getFillTexture
sty <- use accumStyle
layout <- liftC $ layoutStyledText sty txt
-- Uncomment the lines below to draw a rectangle at the extent of each Text
-- let (w, h) = unr2 $ ref ^* 2 -- XXX Debugging
-- cairoPath $ rect w h -- XXX Debugging
liftC $ do
-- C.setLineWidth 0.5 -- XXX Debugging
-- C.stroke -- XXX Debugging
-- C.newPath -- XXX Debugging
P.showLayout layout
C.newPath
restore
layoutStyledText :: Style V2 Double -> Text Double -> C.Render P.PangoLayout
layoutStyledText sty (Text tt al str) =
let tr = tt <> reflectionY
styAttr :: AttributeClass a => (a -> b) -> Maybe b
styAttr f = fmap f $ getAttr sty
ff = styAttr getFont
fs = styAttr fromFontSlant
fw = styAttr fromFontWeight
size' = styAttr getFontSize
in do
cairoTransf tr -- non-uniform scale
layout <- P.createLayout str
-- set font, including size
liftIO $ do
font <- P.fontDescriptionNew
if' (P.fontDescriptionSetFamily font) ff
if' (P.fontDescriptionSetStyle font) fs
if' (P.fontDescriptionSetWeight font) fw
if' (P.fontDescriptionSetSize font) size'
P.layoutSetFontDescription layout $ Just font
-- geometric translation
ref <- liftIO $ case al of
BoxAlignedText xt yt -> do
(_,P.PangoRectangle _ _ w h) <- P.layoutGetExtents layout
return $ r2 (w * xt, h * (1 - yt))
BaselineText -> do
baseline <- P.layoutIterGetBaseline =<< P.layoutGetIter layout
return $ r2 (0, baseline)
let t = moveOriginBy ref mempty :: T2 Double
cairoTransf t
P.updateLayout layout
return layout