c2hsc-0.6.2: Main.hs
{-# LANGUAGE DeriveDataTypeable #-}
module Main where
import Control.Applicative
import Control.Monad hiding (sequence)
import Control.Monad.Trans.State
import Data.Char
import Data.Foldable hiding (concat, mapM_)
import Data.List as L
import Data.List.Split
import qualified Data.Map as M
import Data.Maybe
import Data.Traversable hiding (mapM, forM)
import Language.C.Data.Ident
import Language.C.Data.InputStream
import Language.C.Data.Node
import Language.C.Data.Position
import Language.C.Parser
import Language.C.Pretty
import Language.C.Syntax.AST
import Language.C.System.GCC
import Language.C.System.Preprocess
import Prelude hiding (concat, sequence, mapM, mapM_, foldr)
import System.Console.CmdArgs
import System.Directory
import System.Environment
import System.FilePath
import System.IO
import Text.PrettyPrint as P
import Text.StringTemplate
version :: String
version = "0.6.2"
copyright :: String
copyright = "2012"
c2hscSummary :: String
c2hscSummary = "c2hsc v" ++ version ++ ", (C) John Wiegley " ++ copyright
data C2HscOptions = C2HscOptions
{ gcc :: FilePath
, cppopts :: String
, prefix :: String
, useStdout :: Bool
, overrides :: FilePath
, verbose :: Bool
, debug :: Bool
, files :: [FilePath] }
deriving (Data, Typeable, Show, Eq)
c2hscOptions :: C2HscOptions
c2hscOptions = C2HscOptions
{ gcc = def &= typFile
&= help "Specify explicit path to gcc or cpp"
, cppopts = def &= typ "OPTS"
&= help "Pass OPTS to the preprocessor"
, prefix = def &= typ "PREFIX"
&= help "Use PREFIX when naming modules"
, useStdout = def &= name "stdout"
&= help "Send all output to stdout (for testing)"
, overrides = def &= typFile
&= help "FILE contains \"C type -> FFI type\" translations"
, verbose = def &= name "v"
&= help "Report progress verbosely"
, debug = def &= name "D"
&= help "Report debug information"
, files = def &= args &= typFile } &=
summary c2hscSummary &=
program "c2hsc" &=
help "Create an .hsc Bindings-DSL file from a C API header file"
------------------------------ IMPURE FUNCTIONS ------------------------------
-- Parsing of C headers begins with finding gcc so we can run the
-- preprocessor.
main :: IO ()
main = getArgs >>= runArgs
smokeTest :: IO ()
smokeTest = runArgs ["--prefix=Test", "--stdout", "test/smoke2.h"]
runArgs :: [String] -> IO()
runArgs mainArgs = do
opts <- withArgs (if null mainArgs then ["--help"] else mainArgs)
(cmdArgs c2hscOptions)
when (null (prefix opts)) $
error "Please specify a module prefix to use with --prefix"
gccExe <- findExecutable $ case gcc opts of "" -> "gcc"; x -> x
case gccExe of
Nothing -> error $ "Cannot find executable '" ++ gcc opts ++ "'"
Just gccPath -> parseFile gccPath opts
-- Once gcc is found, setup to parse the C file by running the preprocessor.
-- Then, identify the input file absolutely so we know which declarations to
-- print out at the end.
parseFile :: FilePath -> C2HscOptions -> IO ()
parseFile gccPath opts =
for_ (files opts) $ \fileName -> do
result <- runPreprocessor (newGCC gccPath)
(rawCppArgs [cppopts opts] fileName)
case result of
Left err -> error $ "Failed to run cpp: " ++ show err
Right stream -> do
overrideState <- defineTypeOverrides (overrides opts)
let pos = initPos fileName
HscOutput hscs helpercs _ =
execState (overrideState >>
parseCFile stream (posFile pos) pos)
newHscState
writeProducts opts fileName hscs helpercs
defineTypeOverrides :: FilePath -> IO (Output ())
defineTypeOverrides [] = return (void defaultOverrides)
defineTypeOverrides overridesFile = do
contents <- readFile overridesFile
return $ mapM_ (\line ->
let (cName:ffiName:[]) = splitOn " -> " line
in overrideType cName ffiName)
(lines contents)
overrideType :: String -> String -> Output ()
overrideType cName ffiName =
defineType cName Typedef { typedefName = ffiName
, typedefOverride = True }
defaultOverrides :: Output ()
defaultOverrides = mapM_ (uncurry overrideType)
[ ("size_t", "CSize")
, ("intptr_t", "IntPtr")
, ("uintptr_t", "WordPtr") ]
-- Write out the gathered data
writeProducts :: C2HscOptions -> FilePath -> [String] -> [String] -> IO ()
writeProducts opts fileName hscs helpercs = do
let code = newSTMP $
unlines [ "{-# OPTIONS_GHC -fno-warn-unused-imports #-}"
, "#include <bindings.dsl.h>"
, "#include \"$headerFileName$\""
, "module $libName$.$cFileName$ where"
, "import Foreign.Ptr"
, "#strict_import"
, "" ]
vars = [ ("libName", prefix opts)
, ("cFileName", cap)
, ("headerFileName", fileName) ]
cap = capitalize . dropExtension . takeFileName $ fileName
target = cap ++ ".hsc"
handle <- if useStdout opts
then return System.IO.stdout
else openFile target WriteMode
hPutStrLn handle $ toString $ setManyAttrib vars code
-- Sniff through the file again, but looking only for local #include's
includes <- filter ("#include \"" `isPrefixOf`) . lines
<$> readFile fileName
for_ includes $ \inc ->
hPutStrLn handle $ "import "
++ prefix opts ++ "."
++ (capitalize . takeWhile (/= '.') . drop 10 $ inc)
traverse_ (hPutStrLn handle) hscs
unless (useStdout opts) $ do
hClose handle
putStrLn $ "Wrote " ++ target
when (length helpercs > 0) $ do
let targetc = cap ++ ".hsc.helper.c"
handlec <- if useStdout opts
then return System.IO.stdout
else openFile targetc WriteMode
hPutStrLn handlec "#include <bindings.cmacros.h>"
traverse_ (hPutStrLn handlec) includes
hPutStrLn handlec ""
traverse_ (hPutStrLn handlec) helpercs
unless (useStdout opts) $ do
hClose handlec
putStrLn $ "Wrote " ++ targetc
capitalize :: String -> String
capitalize [] = []
capitalize (x:xs) = toTitle x : camelCase xs
camelCase :: String -> String
camelCase [] = []
camelCase ('_':xs) = capitalize xs
camelCase (x:xs) = x : camelCase xs
------------------------------- PURE FUNCTIONS -------------------------------
-- Rather than writing to the .hsc and .hsc.helper.c files directly from the
-- IO monad, they are collected in an HscOutput value in the State monad. The
-- actual writing is done by writeProducts. This keeps all the code below
-- pure, and since the data sets involved are relatively small, performance is
-- not a critical issue.
data Typedef = Typedef { typedefName :: String
, typedefOverride :: Bool }
type TypeMap = M.Map String Typedef
data HscOutput = HscOutput [String] [String] TypeMap
type Output = State HscOutput
newHscState :: HscOutput
newHscState = HscOutput [] [] M.empty
appendHsc :: String -> Output ()
appendHsc hsc = do
HscOutput hscs xs types <- get
put $ HscOutput (hscs ++ [hsc]) xs types
appendHelper :: String -> Output ()
appendHelper helperc = do
HscOutput xs helpercs types <- get
put $ HscOutput xs (helpercs ++ [helperc]) types
defineType :: String -> Typedef -> Output ()
defineType key value = do
HscOutput xs ys types <- get
hasOverride <- fmap typedefOverride <$> lookupType key
case hasOverride of
Just True -> return ()
_ -> put $ HscOutput xs ys (M.insert key value types)
lookupType :: String -> Output (Maybe Typedef)
lookupType key = do
HscOutput _ _ types <- get
return $ M.lookup key types
-- Now we are ready to parse the C code from the preprocessed input stream,
-- located in the given file and starting at the specified position. The
-- result of a parse is a list of global declarations, so filter the list down
-- to those occurring in the target file, and then print the declarations in
-- Bindings-DSL format.
parseCFile :: InputStream -> FilePath -> Position -> Output ()
parseCFile stream fileName pos =
case parseC stream pos of
Left err -> error $ "Failed to compile: " ++ show err
Right (CTranslUnit decls _) -> generateHsc decls
where
generateHsc :: [CExtDecl] -> Output ()
generateHsc = traverse_ (appendNode fileName)
declInFile :: FilePath -> CExtDecl -> Bool
declInFile fileName = (== fileName) . posFile . posOfNode . declInfo
declInfo :: CExtDecl -> NodeInfo
declInfo (CDeclExt (CDecl _ _ info)) = info
declInfo (CFDefExt (CFunDef _ _ _ _ info)) = info
declInfo (CAsmExt _ info) = info
-- These are the top-level printing routines. We are only interested in
-- declarations and function defitions (which almost always means inline
-- functions if the target file is a header file).
--
-- We will end up printing the following constructs:
--
-- - Structure definitions
-- - Opaque types (i.e., forward declarations of pointer type)
-- - Enums
-- - Extern Functions
-- - Inline Functions
appendNode :: FilePath -> CExtDecl -> Output ()
appendNode fp dx@(CDeclExt (CDecl declSpecs items _)) =
case items of
[] ->
when (declInFile fp dx) $ do
appendHsc $ "{- " ++ P.render (pretty dx) ++ " -}"
appendType declSpecs ""
xs ->
for_ xs $ \(declrtr, _, _) ->
for_ (splitDecl declrtr) $ \(declrtr', ddrs, nm) ->
case ddrs of
CFunDeclr (Right (_, _)) _ _:_ ->
when (declInFile fp dx) $
appendFunc "#ccall" declSpecs declrtr'
_ ->
-- If the type is a typedef, record the equivalence so we can
-- look it up later
case declSpecs of
CStorageSpec (CTypedef _):_ -> do
when (declInFile fp dx) $ do
appendHsc $ "{- " ++ P.render (pretty dx) ++ " -}"
appendType declSpecs nm
dname <- declSpecTypeName declSpecs
unless (null dname || dname == "<" ++ nm ++ ">") $ do
when (declInFile fp dx) $
appendHsc $ "#synonym_t " ++ nm ++ " , " ++ dname
defineType nm Typedef { typedefName = dname
, typedefOverride = False }
_ ->
when (declInFile fp dx) $ do
dname <- declSpecTypeName declSpecs
appendHsc $ "#globalvar " ++ nm ++ " , " ++ dname
where
splitDecl declrtr = do -- in the Maybe Monad
d@(CDeclr ident ddrs _ _ _) <- declrtr
return (d, ddrs, case ident of Just (Ident nm _ _) -> nm; _ -> "")
appendNode fp dx@(CFDefExt (CFunDef declSpecs declrtr _ _ _)) =
-- Assume functions defined in headers are inline functions
when (declInFile fp dx) $ do
appendFunc "#cinline" declSpecs declrtr
let CDeclr ident ddrs _ _ _ = declrtr
for_ ident $ \(Ident nm _ _) ->
case head ddrs of
CFunDeclr (Right (decls, _)) _ _ -> do
retType <- derDeclrTypeName' True declSpecs (tail ddrs)
funType <- applyDeclrs True retType ddrs
if not (null retType)
then appendHelper $ "BC_INLINE" ++ show (length decls)
++ "(" ++ nm ++ ", " ++ funType ++ ")"
else appendHelper $ "BC_INLINE" ++ show (length decls)
++ "VOID(" ++ nm ++ ", " ++ funType ++ ")"
_ -> return ()
appendNode _ (CAsmExt _ _) = return ()
-- Print out a function as #ccall or #cinline. The syntax is the same for
-- both externs and inlines, except that we want to do extra work for inline
-- and create a helper file with some additional macros.
appendFunc :: String -> [CDeclarationSpecifier a] -> CDeclarator a -> Output ()
appendFunc marker declSpecs (CDeclr ident ddrs _ _ _) = do
let _:retDeclr:_ = splitWhen isFuncDeclr ddrs
funcDeclr:_ = dropWhile (not . isFuncDeclr) ddrs
retType <- derDeclrTypeName declSpecs retDeclr
argTypes <- (++) <$> getArgTypes funcDeclr
<*> pure [ "IO (" ++ retType ++ ")" ]
let name' = nameFromIdent ident
code = newSTMP "$marker$ $name$ , $argTypes;separator=' -> '$"
-- I have to call setAttribute separately since argTypes :: [String]
code' = setAttribute "argTypes" argTypes code
vars = [ ("marker", marker)
, ("name", name') ]
appendHsc $ toString $ setManyAttrib vars code'
where
getArgTypes x = filter (not . null) <$> sequence (getArgTypes' x)
getArgTypes' (CFunDeclr (Right (decls, _)) _ _) = map cdeclTypeName decls
getArgTypes' _ = []
nameFromIdent (Just (Ident n _ _)) = n
nameFromIdent _ = "<no name>"
isFuncDeclr (CFunDeclr {}) = True
isFuncDeclr _ = False
appendType :: [CDeclarationSpecifier a] -> String -> Output ()
appendType declSpecs declrName = traverse_ appendType' declSpecs
where
appendType' (CTypeSpec (CSUType (CStruct _ ident decls _ _) _)) = do
let name' = identName ident
when (isNothing decls) $
appendHsc $ "#opaque_t " ++ name'
for_ decls $ \xs -> do
appendHsc $ "#starttype " ++ name'
for_ xs $ \x ->
for_ (cdeclName x) $ \declName -> do
let CDecl declSpecs' ((Just y, _, _):_) _ = x
case y of
CDeclr _ (CArrDeclr {}:zs) _ _ _ -> do
tname <- derDeclrTypeName declSpecs' zs
appendHsc $ "#array_field " ++ declName ++ " , " ++ tname
_ -> do
tname <- cdeclTypeName x
appendHsc $ "#field " ++ declName ++ " , " ++ tname
appendHsc "#stoptype"
appendType' (CTypeSpec (CEnumType (CEnum ident defs _ _) _)) = do
let name' = identName ident
appendHsc $ "#integral_t " ++ name'
for_ defs $ \ds ->
for_ ds $ \(Ident nm _ _, _) ->
appendHsc $ "#num " ++ nm
appendType' _ = return ()
identName ident = case ident of
Nothing -> declrName
Just (Ident nm _ _) -> nm
-- The remainder of this file is some hairy code for turning various
-- constructs into Bindings-DSL type names, such as turning "int ** foo" into
-- the type name "Ptr (Ptr CInt)".
data Signedness = None | Signed | Unsigned deriving (Eq, Show, Enum)
cdeclName :: CDeclaration a -> Maybe String
cdeclName (CDecl _ more _) =
case more of
(Just (CDeclr (Just (Ident nm _ _)) _ _ _ _), _, _) : _ -> Just nm
_ -> Nothing
cdeclTypeName :: CDeclaration a -> Output String
cdeclTypeName = cdeclTypeName' False
cdeclTypeName' :: Bool -> CDeclaration a -> Output String
cdeclTypeName' cStyle (CDecl declSpecs more _) =
case more of
(Just x, _, _) : _ -> declrTypeName' cStyle declSpecs x
_ -> declSpecTypeName' cStyle declSpecs
declSpecTypeName :: [CDeclarationSpecifier a] -> Output String
declSpecTypeName = declSpecTypeName' False
declSpecTypeName' :: Bool -> [CDeclarationSpecifier a] -> Output String
declSpecTypeName' cStyle = flip (derDeclrTypeName' cStyle) []
declrTypeName :: [CDeclarationSpecifier a] -> CDeclarator a -> Output String
declrTypeName = declrTypeName' False
declrTypeName' :: Bool -> [CDeclarationSpecifier a] -> CDeclarator a
-> Output String
declrTypeName' cStyle declSpecs (CDeclr _ ddrs _ _ _) =
derDeclrTypeName' cStyle declSpecs ddrs
derDeclrTypeName :: [CDeclarationSpecifier a] -> [CDerivedDeclarator a]
-> Output String
derDeclrTypeName = derDeclrTypeName' False
derDeclrTypeName' :: Bool -> [CDeclarationSpecifier a] -> [CDerivedDeclarator a]
-> Output String
derDeclrTypeName' cStyle declSpecs ddrs = do
nm <- fullTypeName' None declSpecs
applyDeclrs cStyle nm ddrs
where
fullTypeName' :: Signedness -> [CDeclarationSpecifier a] -> Output String
fullTypeName' _ [] = return ""
fullTypeName' s (CTypeQual qual:xs) =
if cStyle
then do
baseType <- fullTypeName' s xs
return $ let q = qualToStr qual
in if null q
then baseType
else q ++ " " ++ baseType
else
fullTypeName' s xs
fullTypeName' _ (CTypeSpec (CSignedType _):[]) =
if cStyle then return "signed" else return "CInt"
fullTypeName' _ (CTypeSpec (CUnsigType _):[]) =
if cStyle then return "unsigned" else return "CUInt"
fullTypeName' s (x:xs) =
case x of
CTypeSpec (CSignedType _) -> fullTypeName' Signed xs
CTypeSpec (CUnsigType _) -> fullTypeName' Unsigned xs
CTypeSpec tspec -> if cStyle
then cTypeName tspec s
else typeName tspec s
_ -> fullTypeName' s xs
concatM :: (Monad f, Functor f) => [f [a]] -> f [a]
concatM xs = concat <$> sequence xs
applyDeclrs :: Bool -> String -> [CDerivedDeclarator a] -> Output String
applyDeclrs cStyle baseType (CPtrDeclr {}:f@CFunDeclr {}:ds) = do
baseType' <- applyDeclrs cStyle baseType ds
applyDeclrs cStyle baseType' [f]
applyDeclrs cStyle baseType (CFunDeclr (Right (decls, _)) _ _:_)
| cStyle = renderList ", " (funTypes decls baseType)
| otherwise = do
argTypes <- renderList " -> " (funTypes decls (if null baseType
then "IO ()"
else baseType))
return $ "FunPtr (" ++ argTypes ++ ")"
where renderList str xs = intercalate str <$> filter (not . null) <$> xs
funTypes xs bt = (++) <$> mapM (cdeclTypeName' cStyle) xs
<*> pure [bt]
applyDeclrs cStyle baseType decl@(CPtrDeclr quals _:[])
| cStyle && baseType == "" = applyDeclrs cStyle "void" decl
| cStyle = return $ baseType ++ "*"
++ preQualsToString quals
| baseType == "" = return "Ptr ()"
| baseType == "CChar" = return "CString"
| otherwise = return $ "Ptr " ++ baseType
applyDeclrs cStyle baseType (CPtrDeclr quals _:xs)
| cStyle = concatM [ applyDeclrs cStyle baseType xs
, pure "*"
, pure (preQualsToString quals) ]
| otherwise = concatM [ pure "Ptr ("
, applyDeclrs cStyle baseType xs
, pure ")" ]
applyDeclrs cStyle baseType (CArrDeclr quals _ _:xs)
| cStyle = concatM [ pure (sufQualsToString quals)
, applyDeclrs cStyle baseType xs
, pure "[]" ]
| otherwise = concatM [ pure "Ptr ("
, applyDeclrs cStyle baseType xs
, pure ")" ]
applyDeclrs _ baseType _ = return baseType
preQualsToString :: [CTypeQualifier a] -> String
preQualsToString = prefixWith ' ' . qualsToStr
prefixWith :: a -> [a] -> [a]
prefixWith _ [] = []
prefixWith x xs = x:xs
sufQualsToString :: [CTypeQualifier a] -> String
sufQualsToString = suffixWith ' ' . qualsToStr
suffixWith :: a -> [a] -> [a]
suffixWith _ [] = []
suffixWith x xs = xs ++ [x]
qualsToStr :: [CTypeQualifier a] -> String
qualsToStr = unwords . map qualToStr
qualToStr :: CTypeQualifier t -> String
qualToStr (CConstQual _) = "const"
qualToStr (CVolatQual _) = "volatile"
qualToStr (CRestrQual _) = "restricted"
qualToStr (CInlineQual _) = ""
qualToStr (CAttrQual _) = error "Unimplemented: attribute qualifiers"
-- Simple translation from C types to Foreign.C.Types types. We represent
-- Void as the empty string so that returning void becomes IO (), and passing
-- a void star becomes Ptr ().
typeName :: CTypeSpecifier a -> Signedness -> Output String
typeName (CVoidType _) _ = return ""
typeName (CFloatType _) _ = return "CFloat"
typeName (CDoubleType _) _ = return "CDouble"
typeName (CBoolType _) _ = return "CInt"
typeName (CCharType _) s = case s of
Signed -> return "CSChar"
Unsigned -> return "CUChar"
_ -> return "CChar"
typeName (CShortType _) s = case s of
Signed -> return "CShort"
Unsigned -> return "CUShort"
_ -> return "CShort"
typeName (CIntType _) s = case s of
Signed -> return "CInt"
Unsigned -> return "CUInt"
_ -> return "CInt"
typeName (CLongType _) s = case s of
Signed -> return "CLong"
Unsigned -> return "CULong"
_ -> return "CLong"
typeName (CTypeDef (Ident nm _ _) _) _ = do
definition <- lookupType nm
case definition of
Nothing -> return $ "<" ++ nm ++ ">"
Just (Typedef { typedefName = defNm }) ->
return defNm
typeName (CSUType (CStruct _ (Just (Ident nm _ _)) _ _ _) _) _ =
return $ "<" ++ nm ++ ">"
typeName (CEnumType (CEnum (Just (Ident nm _ _)) _ _ _) _) _ =
return $ "<" ++ nm ++ ">"
typeName (CComplexType _) _ = return ""
typeName (CTypeOfExpr _ _) _ = return ""
typeName (CTypeOfType _ _) _ = return ""
typeName _ _ = return ""
-- Translation from C back to C. Needed because there's no good way to pretty
-- print a function's return type (including pointers on the declarator) in
-- language-c.
cTypeName :: CTypeSpecifier a -> Signedness -> Output String
cTypeName (CVoidType _) _ = return ""
cTypeName (CFloatType _) _ = return "float"
cTypeName (CDoubleType _) _ = return "double"
cTypeName (CBoolType _) _ = return "int"
cTypeName (CCharType _) s = case s of
Signed -> return "signed char"
Unsigned -> return "unsigned char"
_ -> return "char"
cTypeName (CShortType _) s = case s of
Signed -> return "signed short"
Unsigned -> return "unsigned short"
_ -> return "hort"
cTypeName (CIntType _) s = case s of
Signed -> return "signed int"
Unsigned -> return "unsigned int"
_ -> return "int"
cTypeName (CLongType _) s = case s of
Signed -> return "signed long"
Unsigned -> return "unsigned long"
_ -> return "long"
cTypeName (CTypeDef (Ident nm _ _) _) _ = return nm
cTypeName (CComplexType _) _ = return ""
cTypeName (CSUType _ _) _ = return ""
cTypeName (CEnumType _ _) _ = return ""
cTypeName (CTypeOfExpr _ _) _ = return ""
cTypeName (CTypeOfType _ _) _ = return ""
cTypeName _ _ = return ""
-- c2hsc.hs