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vect-floating (empty) → 0.1.0.0

raw patch · 12 files changed

+2000/−0 lines, 12 filesdep +basedep +randomsetup-changed

Dependencies added: base, random

Files

+ LICENSE view
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@+Copyright (c) 2014, Charles Durham+All rights reserved.++Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:++- Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,+this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.+ +- Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,+this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation+and/or other materials provided with the distribution.+ +- Neither names of the copyright holders nor the names of the contributors+may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without+specific prior written permission. ++THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER +OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,+EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,+PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR+PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING+NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS+SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.+++Copyright (c) 2008-2010, Balazs Komuves+All rights reserved.++Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:++- Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,+this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.+ +- Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,+this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation+and/or other materials provided with the distribution.+ +- Neither names of the copyright holders nor the names of the contributors+may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without+specific prior written permission. ++THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER +OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,+EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,+PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR+PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING+NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS+SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.+
+ Setup.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@+import Distribution.Simple+main = defaultMain
+ src/Data/Vect/Floating.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@+module Data.Vect.Floating+       ( module Data.Vect.Floating.Base+       , module Data.Vect.Floating.Interpolate+       , module Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Dim2+       , module Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Dim3+       , module Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Projective+       ) where++import Data.Vect.Floating.Base+import Data.Vect.Floating.Interpolate+import Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Dim2+import Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Dim3+import Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Projective
+ src/Data/Vect/Floating/Base.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,1005 @@+{-# LANGUAGE DeriveDataTypeable, MultiParamTypeClasses, FunctionalDependencies, GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving, StandaloneDeriving, GADTs, FlexibleInstances, FlexibleContexts, ScopedTypeVariables #-}++module Data.Vect.Floating.Base+  ( AbelianGroup(..) , vecSum+  , MultSemiGroup(..) , Ring , semigroupProduct+  , LeftModule(..) , RightModule(..)+  , Vector(..) , DotProd(..) , CrossProd(..)+  , normalize , distance , angle , angle'+  , UnitVector(..)+  , Pointwise(..)+  , Extend(..) , HasCoordinates(..) , Dimension(..)+  , Matrix(..) , Tensor(..) , Diagonal (..) , Determinant(..)+  , Orthogonal(..) , Projective(..) , MatrixNorms(..)+  , Vec2(..) , Vec3(..) , Vec4(..)+  , Mat2(..) , Mat3(..) , Mat4(..)+  , Ortho2 , Ortho3 , Ortho4+  , Normal2 , Normal3 , Normal4+  , Proj3 , Proj4+  , mkVec2 , mkVec3 , mkVec4+  , project , project' , projectUnsafe , flipNormal+  , householder, householderOrtho+  )+  where++import Data.Typeable+import Control.Monad+import System.Random  +import Foreign++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-- class declarations++class AbelianGroup g where+  (&+) :: g -> g -> g+  (&-) :: g -> g -> g+  neg  :: g -> g+  zero :: g++infixl 6 &++infixl 6 &- ++vecSum :: AbelianGroup g => [g] -> g+vecSum l = foldl (&+) zero l ++class MultSemiGroup r where+  (.*.) :: r -> r -> r+  one   :: r++class (AbelianGroup r, MultSemiGroup r) => Ring r ++infixl 7 .*. ++-- was: ringProduct :: Ring r => [r] -> r+semigroupProduct :: MultSemiGroup r => [r] -> r +semigroupProduct l = foldl (.*.) one l++class LeftModule r m where+  lmul :: r -> m -> m+  (*.) :: r -> m -> m+  (*.) = lmul++class RightModule m r | m -> r, r -> m where+  rmul :: m -> r -> m+  (.*) :: m -> r -> m+  (.*) = rmul++-- I'm not really sure about this.. may actually degrade the performance in some cases?  +{- RULES+"matrix multiplication left"   forall m n x.  (n .*. m) *. x = n *. (m *. x)  +"matrix multiplication right"  forall m n x.  x .* (m .*. n) = (x .* m) .* n+  -}++infixr 7 *.+infixl 7 .*++class AbelianGroup (v a) => Vector a v where+  mapVec    :: (a -> a) -> v a -> v a+  scalarMul :: a -> v a -> v a+  (*&) ::      a -> v a -> v a+  (&*) ::      v a -> a -> v a +  (*&) s v = scalarMul s v+  (&*) v s = scalarMul s v++infixr 7 *&+infixl 7 &*++{-# RULES+"scalar multiplication left"   forall (s :: Num s => s) (t :: Num t => t) x. t *& (s *& x) = (t*s) *& x +"scalar multiplication right"  forall (s :: Num s => s) (t :: Num t => t) x.  (x &* s) &* t = x &* (s*t)  +  #-}++class Floating a => DotProd a v where+  (&.) :: v a -> v a -> a+  norm    :: v a -> a+  normsqr :: v a -> a+  len     :: v a -> a+  lensqr  :: v a -> a+  len = norm+  lensqr = normsqr+  dotprod :: v a -> v a -> a+  normsqr v = (v &. v)+  norm = sqrt . lensqr+  dotprod = (&.)++infix 7 &.++{-# RULES+"len/square 1"   forall x.  (len x)*(len x) = lensqr x+"len/square 2"   forall x.  (len x)^2 = lensqr x+"norm/square 1"  forall x.  (norm x)*(norm x) = normsqr x+"norm/square 2"  forall x.  (norm x)^2 = normsqr x+  #-}+++normalize :: (Vector a v, DotProd a v) => v a -> v a+normalize v = scalarMul (recip (len v)) v++distance :: (Vector a v, DotProd a v) => v a -> v a -> a+distance x y = norm (x &- y)++-- | the angle between two vectors+angle :: (Vector a v, DotProd a v) => v a -> v a -> a +angle x y = acos $ (x &. y) / (norm x * norm y)++-- | the angle between two unit vectors+angle' {- ' CPP is sensitive to primes -} :: (Vector a v, UnitVector a v u, DotProd a v) => u a -> u a -> a+angle' x y = acos (fromNormal x &. fromNormal y)++{-# RULES+"normalize is idempotent"  forall x. normalize (normalize x) = normalize x+  #-}++class (Vector a v, DotProd a v) => UnitVector a v u | u -> v, v -> u where+  mkNormal         :: v a -> u a       -- ^ normalizes the input+  toNormalUnsafe   :: v a -> u a       -- ^ does not normalize the input!+  fromNormal       :: u a -> v a+  fromNormalRadius :: a -> u a -> v a+  fromNormalRadius t n = t *& fromNormal n ++-- | Projects the first vector down to the hyperplane orthogonal to the second (unit) vector+project' :: (Vector a v, UnitVector a v u, DotProd a v) => v a -> u a -> v a+project' what dir = projectUnsafe what (fromNormal dir)++-- | Direction (second argument) is assumed to be a /unit/ vector!+projectUnsafe :: (Vector a v, DotProd a v) => v a -> v a -> v a+projectUnsafe what dir = what &- dir &* (what &. dir)++project :: (Vector a v, DotProd a v) => v a -> v a -> v a+project what dir = what &- dir &* ((what &. dir) / (dir &. dir))++-- | Since unit vectors are not a group, we need a separate function.+flipNormal :: UnitVector a v n => n a -> n a+flipNormal = toNormalUnsafe . neg . fromNormal ++-- | Cross product+class CrossProd v where+  crossprod :: v -> v -> v+  (&^)      :: v -> v -> v+  (&^) = crossprod+ +-- | Pointwise multiplication +class Pointwise v where+  pointwise :: v -> v -> v+  (&!)      :: v -> v -> v+  (&!) = pointwise ++infix 7 &^+infix 7 &!++class HasCoordinates v x | v->x where+  _1 :: v -> x+  _2 :: v -> x+  _3 :: v -> x+  _4 :: v -> x++-- | conversion between vectors (and matrices) of different dimensions+class Extend a u v where+  extendZero :: u a -> v a          -- ^ example: @extendZero (Vec2 5 6) = Vec4 5 6 0 0@+  extendWith :: a -> u a -> v a   -- ^ example: @extendWith 1 (Vec2 5 6) = Vec4 5 6 1 1@+  trim :: v a -> u a                -- ^ example: @trim (Vec4 5 6 7 8) = Vec2 5 6@++-- | makes a diagonal matrix from a vector+class Diagonal s t | t->s where+  diag :: s -> t++class Matrix m where+  transpose :: m -> m +  inverse :: m -> m+  idmtx :: m++{-# RULES+"transpose is an involution"  forall m. transpose (transpose m) = m+"inverse is an involution"    forall m. inverse (inverse m) = m+  #-}+  +class Matrix (m a) => Orthogonal a m o | m -> o, o -> m where+  fromOrtho     :: o a -> m a+  toOrthoUnsafe :: m a -> o a+  +class (AbelianGroup m, Matrix m) => MatrixNorms a m where+  frobeniusNorm  :: m -> a       -- ^ the frobenius norm (= euclidean norm in the space of matrices)+  matrixDistance :: m -> m -> a  -- ^ euclidean distance in the space of matrices+  operatorNorm   :: m -> a      -- ^ (euclidean) operator norm (not implemented yet)+  matrixDistance m n = frobeniusNorm (n &- m)+  operatorNorm = error "operatorNorm: not implemented yet"+  +-- | Outer product (could be unified with Diagonal?)+class Tensor t v | t->v where+  outer :: v -> v -> t+    +class Determinant a m where+  det :: m -> a++class Dimension a where+  dim :: a -> Int+     +-- | Householder matrix, see <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Householder_transformation>.  +-- In plain words, it is the reflection to the hyperplane orthogonal to the input vector.+householder :: (Vector a v, UnitVector a v u, Matrix (m a), Vector a m, Tensor (m a) (v a)) => u a -> m a+householder u = idmtx &- (2 *& outer v v) +  where v = fromNormal u++householderOrtho :: (Vector a v, UnitVector a v u, Matrix (m a), Vector a m, Tensor (m a) (v a), Orthogonal a m o) => u a -> o a+householderOrtho = toOrthoUnsafe . householder++-- | \"Projective\" matrices have the following form: the top left corner+-- is an any matrix, the bottom right corner is 1, and the top-right+-- column is zero. These describe the affine orthogonal transformation of+-- the space one dimension less.+class (Vector a v, Orthogonal a n o, Diagonal (v a) (n a)) => Projective a v n o m p | m -> p, p -> m, p -> o, o -> p, p -> n, n -> p, p -> v, v -> p, n -> o, n -> v, v -> n where+  fromProjective     :: p a -> m a+  toProjectiveUnsafe :: m a -> p a+  orthogonal         :: o a -> p a+  linear             :: n a -> p a+  translation        :: v a -> p a+  scaling            :: v a -> p a++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-- Vec / Mat datatypes+  +data Vec2 a = Vec2 !a !a +  deriving (Read,Show,Typeable)+data Vec3 a = Vec3 !a !a !a+  deriving (Read,Show,Typeable)+data Vec4 a = Vec4 !a !a !a !a+  deriving (Read,Show,Typeable)++-- | The components are /row/ vectors ++data Mat2 a = Mat2 !(Vec2 a) !(Vec2 a) deriving (Read,Show)+data Mat3 a = Mat3 !(Vec3 a) !(Vec3 a) !(Vec3 a) deriving (Read,Show)+data Mat4 a = Mat4 !(Vec4 a) !(Vec4 a) !(Vec4 a) !(Vec4 a) deriving (Read,Show)++-- | The assumption when dealing with these is always that they are of unit length.+-- Also, interpolation works differently.+newtype Normal2 a = Normal2 (Vec2 a) deriving (Read,Show,Storable,Dimension,Typeable) +newtype Normal3 a = Normal3 (Vec3 a) deriving (Read,Show,Storable,Dimension,Typeable)+newtype Normal4 a = Normal4 (Vec4 a) deriving (Read,Show,Storable,Dimension,Typeable)++deriving instance Floating a => DotProd a Normal2+deriving instance Floating a => DotProd a Normal3+deriving instance Floating a => DotProd a Normal4++mkVec2 :: (a,a) -> Vec2 a+mkVec3 :: (a,a,a) -> Vec3 a+mkVec4 :: (a,a,a,a) -> Vec4 a++mkVec2 (x,y)     = Vec2 x y+mkVec3 (x,y,z)   = Vec3 x y z+mkVec4 (x,y,z,w) = Vec4 x y z w++-- | Orthogonal matrices.+--+-- Note: the "Random" instances generates orthogonal matrices with determinant 1+-- (that is, orientation-preserving orthogonal transformations)!+newtype Ortho2 a = Ortho2 (Mat2 a) deriving (Read,Show,Storable,MultSemiGroup,Determinant a,Dimension)+newtype Ortho3 a = Ortho3 (Mat3 a) deriving (Read,Show,Storable,MultSemiGroup,Determinant a,Dimension)+newtype Ortho4 a = Ortho4 (Mat4 a) deriving (Read,Show,Storable,MultSemiGroup,Determinant a,Dimension)++-- | Projective matrices, encoding affine transformations in dimension one less.+newtype Proj3 a = Proj3 (Mat3 a) deriving (Read,Show,Storable,MultSemiGroup)+newtype Proj4 a = Proj4 (Mat4 a) deriving (Read,Show,Storable,MultSemiGroup)++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-- Unit vectors+  +instance Floating a => UnitVector a Vec2 Normal2 where+  mkNormal v = Normal2 (normalize v)+  fromNormal (Normal2 v) = v +  toNormalUnsafe = Normal2++instance Floating a => UnitVector a Vec3 Normal3 where+  mkNormal v = Normal3 (normalize v)+  fromNormal (Normal3 v) = v +  toNormalUnsafe = Normal3++instance Floating a => UnitVector a Vec4 Normal4 where+  mkNormal v = Normal4 (normalize v)+  fromNormal (Normal4 v) = v +  toNormalUnsafe = Normal4++_rndUnit :: (Ord a, RandomGen g, Random (v a), Vector a v, DotProd a v) => g -> (v a,g)+_rndUnit g = +  if d > 0.01+    then ( v &* (1.0/d) , h )+    else _rndUnit h+  where+    (v,h) = random g+    d = norm v+    +instance (Floating a, Random a, Ord a) => Random (Normal2 a) where+  random g = let (v,h) = _rndUnit g in (Normal2 v, h)  +  randomR _ = random++instance (Floating a, Random a, Ord a) => Random (Normal3 a) where+  random g = let (v,h) = _rndUnit g in (Normal3 v, h)  +  randomR _ = random++instance (Floating a, Random a, Ord a) => Random (Normal4 a) where+  random g = let (v,h) = _rndUnit g in (Normal4 v, h)  +  randomR _ = random++instance Floating a => CrossProd (Normal3 a) where+  crossprod (Normal3 v) (Normal3 w) = mkNormal (crossprod v w)++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-- Orthogonal matrices++instance Floating a =>  Orthogonal a Mat2 Ortho2 where+  fromOrtho (Ortho2 o) = o+  toOrthoUnsafe = Ortho2++instance Floating a => Orthogonal a Mat3 Ortho3 where+  fromOrtho (Ortho3 o) = o+  toOrthoUnsafe = Ortho3 ++instance Floating a => Orthogonal a Mat4 Ortho4 where+  fromOrtho (Ortho4 o) = o+  toOrthoUnsafe = Ortho4++------++instance Floating a => Matrix (Ortho2 a) where+  transpose (Ortho2 o) = Ortho2 (transpose o)+  idmtx = Ortho2 idmtx+  inverse = transpose++instance Floating a => Matrix (Ortho3 a) where+  transpose (Ortho3 o) = Ortho3 (transpose o)+  idmtx = Ortho3 idmtx+  inverse = transpose++instance Floating a => Matrix (Ortho4 a) where+  transpose (Ortho4 o) = Ortho4 (transpose o)+  idmtx = Ortho4 idmtx+  inverse = transpose++------++instance (Floating a, Ord a, Random a) => Random (Ortho2 a) where+  random g = let (o,h) = _rndOrtho2 g in (toOrthoUnsafe (_flip1stRow2 o), h)+  randomR _ = random++instance (Floating a, Ord a, Random a) => Random (Ortho3 a) where+  random g = let (o,h) = _rndOrtho3 g in (toOrthoUnsafe (             o), h)+  randomR _ = random++instance (Floating a, Ord a, Random a) => Random (Ortho4 a) where+  random g = let (o,h) = _rndOrtho4 g in (toOrthoUnsafe (_flip1stRow4 o), h)+  randomR _ = random++------++-- determinant will be -1+_rndOrtho2 :: (Floating a, Random a, Ord a, RandomGen g) => g -> (Mat2 a, g)+_rndOrtho2 g = (h2, g1) where+  h2 = householder u2+  (u2,g1) = random g   ++-- generates a uniformly random orthogonal 3x3 matrix +-- /with determinant +1/, with respect to the Haar measure of SO3.+--+-- see Theorem 4 in:+-- Francesco Mezzadri: How to Generate Random Matrices from the Classical Compact Groups +-- Notices of the AMS, May 2007 issue+-- <http://www.ams.org/notices/200705/fea-mezzadri-web.ps>+_rndOrtho3 :: (Floating a, Random a, Ord a, RandomGen g) => g -> (Mat3 a, g) +_rndOrtho3 g = ( (h3 .*. m3), g2) where+  m3 = (extendWith :: Floating a => a -> Mat2 a -> Mat3 a) 1 o2 +  h3 = householder u3+  (u3,g1) = random g+  (o2,g2) = _rndOrtho2 g1++-- determinant will be -1+_rndOrtho4 :: (Floating a, Random a, Ord a, RandomGen g) => g -> (Mat4 a, g) +_rndOrtho4 g = ( (h4 .*. m4), g2) where+  m4 = (extendWith :: Floating a => a -> Mat3 a -> Mat4 a) 1 o3 +  h4 = householder u4+  (u4,g1) = random g+  (o3,g2) = _rndOrtho3 g1++------++_flip1stRow2 :: Floating a => Mat2 a -> Mat2 a+_flip1stRow2 (Mat2 a b) = Mat2 (neg a) b++_flip1stRow3 :: Floating a => Mat3 a -> Mat3 a+_flip1stRow3 (Mat3 a b c) = Mat3 (neg a) b c++_flip1stRow4 :: Floating a => Mat4 a -> Mat4 a+_flip1stRow4 (Mat4 a b c d) = Mat4 (neg a) b c d++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-- projective matrices+  +instance Floating a => Projective a Vec2 Mat2 Ortho2 Mat3 Proj3 where+  fromProjective (Proj3 m) = m+  toProjectiveUnsafe = Proj3+  orthogonal = Proj3 . extendWith (1 :: a) . fromOrtho+  linear     = Proj3 . extendWith (1 :: a)+  translation v = Proj3 $ Mat3 (Vec3 1 0 0) (Vec3 0 1 0) (extendWith (1 :: a) v)+  scaling     v = Proj3 $ diag (extendWith (1 :: a) v)+  +instance Floating a => Projective a Vec3 Mat3 Ortho3 Mat4 Proj4 where+  fromProjective (Proj4 m) = m+  toProjectiveUnsafe = Proj4+  orthogonal = Proj4 . extendWith (1 :: a) . fromOrtho +  linear     = Proj4 . extendWith (1 :: a)+  translation v = Proj4 $ Mat4 (Vec4 1 0 0 0) (Vec4 0 1 0 0) (Vec4 0 0 1 0) (extendWith (1 :: a) v)+  scaling     v = Proj4 $ diag (extendWith (1 :: a) v)++instance Floating a => Matrix (Proj3 a) where+  idmtx = Proj3 idmtx+  transpose (Proj3 m) = Proj3 (transpose m)+  inverse = _invertProj3++instance Floating a => Matrix (Proj4 a) where+  idmtx = Proj4 idmtx+  transpose (Proj4 m) = Proj4 (transpose m)+  inverse = _invertProj4++_invertProj3 :: (Floating a, Extend a Vec2 Vec3) => Proj3 a -> Proj3 a+_invertProj3 (Proj3 mat@(Mat3 _ _ t)) = +  Proj3 $ Mat3 (extendZero a) (extendZero b) (extendWith 1 t')+  where+    t' = neg $ (trim :: Extend a Vec2 Vec3 => Vec3 a -> Vec2 a) t .* invm2+    invm2@(Mat2 a b) = inverse $ trim mat++-- Inverts a projective 4x4 matrix. But you can simply use "inverse" instead.+-- We assume that the bottom-right corner is 1.+_invertProj4 :: Floating a => Proj4 a -> Proj4 a+_invertProj4 (Proj4 mat@(Mat4 _ _ _ t)) = +  Proj4 $ Mat4 (extendZero a) (extendZero b) (extendZero c) (extendWith 1 t') +  where+    t' = neg $ (trim :: Extend a Vec3 Vec4 => Vec4 a -> Vec3 a) t .* invm3 +    invm3@(Mat3 a b c) = inverse $ trim mat++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-- Vec2 instances++instance Floating a => HasCoordinates (Vec2 a) a where+  _1 (Vec2 x _) = x+  _2 (Vec2 _ y) = y+  _3 _ = error "has only 2 coordinates"+  _4 _ = error "has only 2 coordinates"++instance Floating a => AbelianGroup (Vec2 a) where+  (&+) (Vec2 x1 y1) (Vec2 x2 y2) = Vec2 (x1+x2) (y1+y2) +  (&-) (Vec2 x1 y1) (Vec2 x2 y2) = Vec2 (x1-x2) (y1-y2)+  neg  (Vec2 x y)                = Vec2 (-x) (-y)+  zero = Vec2 0 0+  +instance Floating a => Vector a Vec2 where+  scalarMul s (Vec2 x y) = Vec2 (s*x) (s*y)+  mapVec    f (Vec2 x y) = Vec2 (f x) (f y)+  +instance Floating a => DotProd a Vec2 where+  (&.) (Vec2 x1 y1) (Vec2 x2 y2) = x1*x2 + y1*y2++instance Floating a => Pointwise (Vec2 a) where+  pointwise (Vec2 x1 y1) (Vec2 x2 y2) = Vec2 (x1*x2) (y1*y2)++instance Floating a => Determinant a (Vec2 a, Vec2 a) where+  det (Vec2 x1 y1 , Vec2 x2 y2) = x1*y2 - x2*y1++{-     +instance Show Vec2 where+  show (Vec2 x y) = "( " ++ show x ++ " , " ++ show y ++ " )"+-}++instance (Floating a, Random a) => Random (Vec2 a) where+  random = randomR (Vec2 (-1) (-1),Vec2 1 1)+  randomR (Vec2 a b, Vec2 c d) gen = +    let (x,gen1) = randomR (a,c) gen+        (y,gen2) = randomR (b,d) gen1+    in (Vec2 x y, gen2)+     +instance (Floating a, Storable a) => Storable (Vec2 a) where+  sizeOf    _ = 2 * sizeOf (undefined :: a)+  alignment _ = sizeOf (undefined :: a)+  +  peek q = do+    let p = castPtr q :: Ptr a+        k = sizeOf (undefined :: a)+    x <- peek        p +    y <- peekByteOff p k+    return (Vec2 x y)+    +  poke q (Vec2 x y) = do+    let p = castPtr q :: Ptr a+        k = sizeOf (undefined :: a)+    poke        p   x+    pokeByteOff p k y++instance Floating a => Dimension (Vec2 a) where dim _ = 2++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------                    +-- Mat2 instances++instance Floating a => HasCoordinates (Mat2 a) (Vec2 a) where+  _1 (Mat2 x _) = x+  _2 (Mat2 _ y) = y+  _3 _ = error "has only 2 coordinates"+  _4 _ = error "has only 2 coordinates"++instance Floating a => Matrix (Mat2 a) where+  transpose (Mat2 row1 row2) = +    Mat2 (Vec2 (_1 row1) (_1 row2)) +         (Vec2 (_2 row1) (_2 row2)) +  idmtx = Mat2 (Vec2 1 0) (Vec2 0 1)+  inverse (Mat2 (Vec2 a b) (Vec2 c d)) = +    Mat2 (Vec2 (d*r) (-b*r)) (Vec2 (-c*r) (a*r)) +    where r = 1.0 / (a*d - b*c)++instance Floating a => AbelianGroup (Mat2 a) where+  (&+) (Mat2 r1 r2) (Mat2 s1 s2) = Mat2 (r1 &+ s1) (r2 &+ s2)+  (&-) (Mat2 r1 r2) (Mat2 s1 s2) = Mat2 (r1 &- s1) (r2 &- s2)+  neg  (Mat2 r1 r2)              = Mat2 (neg r1) (neg r2)  +  zero = Mat2 zero zero  +  +instance Floating a => Vector a Mat2 where+  scalarMul s (Mat2 r1 r2) = Mat2 (g r1) (g r2) where g = scalarMul s+  mapVec    f (Mat2 r1 r2) = Mat2 (g r1) (g r2) where g = mapVec f++instance Floating a => MultSemiGroup (Mat2 a) where+  (.*.) (Mat2 r1 r2) n = +    let (Mat2 c1 c2) = transpose n+    in Mat2 (Vec2 (r1 &. c1) (r1 &. c2))+            (Vec2 (r2 &. c1) (r2 &. c2))+  one = idmtx ++instance Floating a => Ring (Mat2 a)++instance Floating a => LeftModule (Mat2 a) (Vec2 a) where+  lmul (Mat2 row1 row2) v = Vec2 (row1 &. v) (row2 &. v) +  +instance Floating a => RightModule (Vec2 a) (Mat2 a) where+  rmul v mt = lmul (transpose mt) v++instance Floating a => Diagonal (Vec2 a) (Mat2 a) where+  diag (Vec2 x y) = Mat2 (Vec2 x 0) (Vec2 0 y)++instance Floating a => Tensor (Mat2 a) (Vec2 a) where+  outer (Vec2 a b) (Vec2 x y) = Mat2+    (Vec2 (a*x) (a*y))+    (Vec2 (b*x) (b*y))++instance Floating a => Determinant a (Mat2 a) where+  det (Mat2 (Vec2 a b) (Vec2 c d)) = a*d - b*c ++{-+instance Show Mat2 where+  show (Mat2 r1 r2) = show r1 ++ "\n" ++ show r2+-}++instance (Floating a, Storable a) => Storable (Mat2 a) where+  sizeOf    _ = 2 * sizeOf (undefined :: Vec2 a)+  alignment _ = alignment  (undefined :: Vec2 a)+  +  peek q = do+    let p = castPtr q :: Ptr (Vec2 a)+        k = sizeOf (undefined :: Vec2 a)+    r1 <- peek        p +    r2 <- peekByteOff p k+    return (Mat2 r1 r2)+    +  poke q (Mat2 r1 r2) = do+    let p = castPtr q :: Ptr (Vec2 a)+        k = sizeOf (undefined :: Vec2 a)+    poke        p   r1+    pokeByteOff p k r2++instance (Floating a, Random a) => Random (Mat2 a) where+  random = randomR (Mat2 v1 v1 , Mat2 v2 v2) where +    v1 = Vec2 (-1) (-1) +    v2 = Vec2   1    1+  randomR (Mat2 a b, Mat2 c d) gen = +    let (x,gen1) = randomR (a,c) gen+        (y,gen2) = randomR (b,d) gen1+    in (Mat2 x y, gen2)+          +instance Floating a => Dimension (Mat2 a) where dim _ = 2+     +instance (Floating a) => MatrixNorms a (Mat2 a) where +  frobeniusNorm (Mat2 r1 r2) =  +    sqrt $+      normsqr r1 + +      normsqr r2+     +instance Floating a => Pointwise (Mat2 a) where+  pointwise (Mat2 x1 y1) (Mat2 x2 y2) = Mat2 (x1 &! x2) (y1 &! y2)+       +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------     +-- Vec3 instances++instance Floating a => HasCoordinates (Vec3 a) a where+  _1 (Vec3 x _ _) = x+  _2 (Vec3 _ y _) = y+  _3 (Vec3 _ _ z) = z+  _4 _ = error "has only 3 coordinates"++instance Floating a => AbelianGroup (Vec3 a) where+  (&+) (Vec3 x1 y1 z1) (Vec3 x2 y2 z2) = Vec3 (x1+x2) (y1+y2) (z1+z2) +  (&-) (Vec3 x1 y1 z1) (Vec3 x2 y2 z2) = Vec3 (x1-x2) (y1-y2) (z1-z2) +  neg  (Vec3 x y z)                    = Vec3 (-x) (-y) (-z)+  zero = Vec3 0 0 0+  +instance Floating a => Vector a Vec3 where+  scalarMul s (Vec3 x y z) = Vec3 (s*x) (s*y) (s*z)+  mapVec    f (Vec3 x y z) = Vec3 (f x) (f y) (f z)++instance Floating a => DotProd a Vec3 where+  (&.) (Vec3 x1 y1 z1) (Vec3 x2 y2 z2) = x1*x2 + y1*y2 + z1*z2++instance Num a => Pointwise (Vec3 a) where+  pointwise (Vec3 x1 y1 z1) (Vec3 x2 y2 z2) = Vec3 (x1*x2) (y1*y2) (z1*z2)++{-+instance Show Vec3 where+  show (Vec3 x y z) = "( " ++ show x ++ " , " ++ show y ++ " , " ++ show z ++ " )"+-}++instance (Floating a, Random a) => Random (Vec3 a) where+  random = randomR (Vec3 (-1) (-1) (-1),Vec3 1 1 1)+  randomR (Vec3 a b c, Vec3 d e f) gen = +    let (x,gen1) = randomR (a,d) gen+        (y,gen2) = randomR (b,e) gen1+        (z,gen3) = randomR (c,f) gen2  +    in (Vec3 x y z, gen3)+      +instance Floating a => CrossProd (Vec3 a) where+  crossprod (Vec3 x1 y1 z1) (Vec3 x2 y2 z2) = Vec3 (y1*z2-y2*z1) (z1*x2-z2*x1) (x1*y2-x2*y1) ++instance Floating a => Determinant a (Vec3 a, Vec3 a, Vec3 a) where+  det (u,v,w) = u &. (v &^ w)  + +instance (Floating a, Storable a) => Storable (Vec3 a) where+  sizeOf    _ = 3 * sizeOf (undefined :: a)+  alignment _ = sizeOf (undefined :: a)+  +  peek q = do+    let p = castPtr q :: Ptr a+        k = sizeOf (undefined :: a)+    x <- peek        p +    y <- peekByteOff p (k  )+    z <- peekByteOff p (k+k)+    return (Vec3 x y z)+    +  poke q (Vec3 x y z) = do+    let p = castPtr q :: Ptr a+        k = sizeOf (undefined :: a)+    poke        p       x+    pokeByteOff p (k  ) y+    pokeByteOff p (k+k) z++instance Floating a => Dimension (Vec3 a) where dim _ = 3++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------   +-- Mat3 instances++instance Floating a => HasCoordinates (Mat3 a) (Vec3 a) where+  _1 (Mat3 x _ _) = x+  _2 (Mat3 _ y _) = y+  _3 (Mat3 _ _ z) = z+  _4 _ = error "has only 3 coordinates"  ++instance Floating a => Matrix (Mat3 a) where++  transpose (Mat3 row1 row2 row3) = +    Mat3 (Vec3 (_1 row1) (_1 row2) (_1 row3)) +         (Vec3 (_2 row1) (_2 row2) (_2 row3)) +         (Vec3 (_3 row1) (_3 row2) (_3 row3)) +         +  idmtx = Mat3 (Vec3 1 0 0) (Vec3 0 1 0) (Vec3 0 0 1)+  +  inverse (Mat3 (Vec3 a b c) (Vec3 e f g) (Vec3 i j k)) = +    Mat3 (Vec3 (d11*r) (d21*r) (d31*r))  +         (Vec3 (d12*r) (d22*r) (d32*r))  +         (Vec3 (d13*r) (d23*r) (d33*r))  +    where+      r = 1.0 / ( a*d11 + b*d12 + c*d13 )++      d11 = f*k - g*j+      d12 = g*i - e*k+      d13 = e*j - f*i++      d31 = b*g - c*f+      d32 = c*e - a*g+      d33 = a*f - b*e++      d21 = c*j - b*k +      d22 = a*k - c*i +      d23 = b*i - a*j ++instance Floating a => AbelianGroup (Mat3 a) where+  (&+) (Mat3 r1 r2 r3) (Mat3 s1 s2 s3) = Mat3 (r1 &+ s1) (r2 &+ s2) (r3 &+ s3)+  (&-) (Mat3 r1 r2 r3) (Mat3 s1 s2 s3) = Mat3 (r1 &- s1) (r2 &- s2) (r3 &- s3)+  neg  (Mat3 r1 r2 r3)                 = Mat3 (neg r1) (neg r2) (neg r3) +  zero = Mat3 zero zero zero ++instance Floating a => Vector a Mat3 where+  scalarMul s (Mat3 r1 r2 r3) = Mat3 (g r1) (g r2) (g r3) where g = scalarMul s+  mapVec    f (Mat3 r1 r2 r3) = Mat3 (g r1) (g r2) (g r3) where g = mapVec f++instance Floating a => MultSemiGroup (Mat3 a) where+  (.*.) (Mat3 r1 r2 r3) n = +    let (Mat3 c1 c2 c3) = transpose n+    in Mat3 (Vec3 (r1 &. c1) (r1 &. c2) (r1 &. c3))+            (Vec3 (r2 &. c1) (r2 &. c2) (r2 &. c3))+            (Vec3 (r3 &. c1) (r3 &. c2) (r3 &. c3))+  one = idmtx ++instance Floating a => Ring (Mat3 a)++instance Floating a => LeftModule (Mat3 a) (Vec3 a) where+  lmul (Mat3 row1 row2 row3) v = Vec3 (row1 &. v) (row2 &. v) (row3 &. v)+  +instance Floating a => RightModule (Vec3 a) (Mat3 a) where+  rmul v mt = lmul (transpose mt) v++instance Floating a => Diagonal (Vec3 a) (Mat3 a) where+  diag (Vec3 x y z) = Mat3 (Vec3 x 0 0) (Vec3 0 y 0) (Vec3 0 0 z)++instance Floating a => Tensor (Mat3 a) (Vec3 a) where+  outer (Vec3 a b c) (Vec3 x y z) = Mat3+    (Vec3 (a*x) (a*y) (a*z))+    (Vec3 (b*x) (b*y) (b*z))+    (Vec3 (c*x) (c*y) (c*z))++instance Floating a => Determinant a (Mat3 a) where+  det (Mat3 r1 r2 r3) = det (r1,r2,r3)++{-+instance Show Mat3 where+  show (Mat3 r1 r2 r3) = show r1 ++ "\n" ++ show r2 ++ "\n" ++ show r3+-}++instance (Floating a, Storable a) => Storable (Mat3 a) where+  sizeOf    _ = 3 * sizeOf (undefined::Vec3 a)+  alignment _ = alignment  (undefined::Vec3 a)+  +  peek q = do+    let p = castPtr q :: Ptr (Vec3 a)+        k = sizeOf (undefined::Vec3 a)+    r1 <- peek        p +    r2 <- peekByteOff p (k  )+    r3 <- peekByteOff p (k+k)+    return (Mat3 r1 r2 r3)+    +  poke q (Mat3 r1 r2 r3) = do+    let p = castPtr q :: Ptr (Vec3 a)+        k = sizeOf (undefined::Vec3 a)+    poke        p       r1+    pokeByteOff p (k  ) r2+    pokeByteOff p (k+k) r3++instance (Floating a, Random a) => Random (Mat3 a) where+  random = randomR (Mat3 v1 v1 v1 , Mat3 v2 v2 v2) where+    v1 = Vec3 (-1) (-1) (-1)+    v2 = Vec3   1    1    1+  randomR (Mat3 a b c, Mat3 d e f) gen = +    let (x,gen1) = randomR (a,d) gen+        (y,gen2) = randomR (b,e) gen1+        (z,gen3) = randomR (c,f) gen2  +    in (Mat3 x y z, gen3)+   +instance Floating a => Dimension (Mat3 a) where dim _ = 3+  +instance Floating a => MatrixNorms a (Mat3 a) where +  frobeniusNorm (Mat3 r1 r2 r3)  = +    sqrt $+      normsqr r1 + +      normsqr r2 + +      normsqr r3 ++instance Floating a => Pointwise (Mat3 a) where+  pointwise (Mat3 x1 y1 z1) (Mat3 x2 y2 z2) = Mat3 (x1 &! x2) (y1 &! y2) (z1 &! z2)+    +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-- Vec4 instances++instance Floating a => HasCoordinates (Vec4 a) a where+  _1 (Vec4 x _ _ _) = x+  _2 (Vec4 _ y _ _) = y+  _3 (Vec4 _ _ z _) = z+  _4 (Vec4 _ _ _ w) = w++instance Floating a => AbelianGroup (Vec4 a) where+  (&+) (Vec4 x1 y1 z1 w1) (Vec4 x2 y2 z2 w2) = Vec4 (x1+x2) (y1+y2) (z1+z2) (w1+w2)+  (&-) (Vec4 x1 y1 z1 w1) (Vec4 x2 y2 z2 w2) = Vec4 (x1-x2) (y1-y2) (z1-z2) (w1-w2)+  neg  (Vec4 x y z w)                        = Vec4 (-x) (-y) (-z) (-w)+  zero = Vec4 0 0 0 0+  +instance Floating a => Vector a Vec4 where+  scalarMul s (Vec4 x y z w) = Vec4 (s*x) (s*y) (s*z) (s*w)+  mapVec    f (Vec4 x y z w) = Vec4 (f x) (f y) (f z) (f w)++instance Floating a => DotProd a Vec4 where+  (&.) (Vec4 x1 y1 z1 w1) (Vec4 x2 y2 z2 w2) = x1*x2 + y1*y2 + z1*z2 + w1*w2++instance Num a => Pointwise (Vec4 a) where+  pointwise (Vec4 x1 y1 z1 w1) (Vec4 x2 y2 z2 w2) = Vec4 (x1*x2) (y1*y2) (z1*z2) (w1*w2)++{-+instance Show Vec4 where+  show (Vec4 x y z w) = "( " ++ show x ++ " , " ++ show y ++ " , " ++ show z ++ " , " ++ show w ++ " )"+-}++instance (Floating a, Random a) => Random (Vec4 a) where+  random = randomR (Vec4 (-1) (-1) (-1) (-1),Vec4 1 1 1 1)+  randomR (Vec4 a b c d, Vec4 e f g h) gen = +    let (x,gen1) = randomR (a,e) gen+        (y,gen2) = randomR (b,f) gen1+        (z,gen3) = randomR (c,g) gen2  +        (w,gen4) = randomR (d,h) gen3  +    in (Vec4 x y z w, gen4)+           +instance (Floating a, Storable a) => Storable (Vec4 a) where+  sizeOf    _ = 4 * sizeOf (undefined :: a)+  alignment _ = sizeOf (undefined :: a)+  +  peek q = do+    let p = castPtr q :: Ptr a+        k = sizeOf (undefined :: a)+    x <- peek        p +    y <- peekByteOff p (k  )+    z <- peekByteOff p (k+k)+    w <- peekByteOff p (3*k)+    return (Vec4 x y z w)+    +  poke q (Vec4 x y z w) = do+    let p = castPtr q :: Ptr a+        k = sizeOf (undefined :: a)+    poke        p       x+    pokeByteOff p (k  ) y+    pokeByteOff p (k+k) z+    pokeByteOff p (3*k) w++instance Floating a => Dimension (Vec4 a) where dim _ = 4++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-- Mat4 instances++instance Floating a => HasCoordinates (Mat4 a) (Vec4 a) where+  _1 (Mat4 x _ _ _) = x+  _2 (Mat4 _ y _ _) = y+  _3 (Mat4 _ _ z _) = z+  _4 (Mat4 _ _ _ w) = w++instance Floating a => Matrix (Mat4 a) where+  transpose (Mat4 row1 row2 row3 row4) = +    Mat4 (Vec4 (_1 row1) (_1 row2) (_1 row3) (_1 row4)) +         (Vec4 (_2 row1) (_2 row2) (_2 row3) (_2 row4)) +         (Vec4 (_3 row1) (_3 row2) (_3 row3) (_3 row4)) +         (Vec4 (_4 row1) (_4 row2) (_4 row3) (_4 row4)) +  idmtx = Mat4 (Vec4 1 0 0 0) (Vec4 0 1 0 0) (Vec4 0 0 1 0) (Vec4 0 0 0 1)+  inverse = error "inverse/Mat4: not implemented yet"++instance Floating a => AbelianGroup (Mat4 a) where+  (&+) (Mat4 r1 r2 r3 r4) (Mat4 s1 s2 s3 s4) = Mat4 (r1 &+ s1) (r2 &+ s2) (r3 &+ s3) (r4 &+ s4)+  (&-) (Mat4 r1 r2 r3 r4) (Mat4 s1 s2 s3 s4) = Mat4 (r1 &- s1) (r2 &- s2) (r3 &- s3) (r4 &- s4)+  neg  (Mat4 r1 r2 r3 r4)                    = Mat4 (neg r1) (neg r2) (neg r3) (neg r4) +  zero = Mat4 zero zero zero zero+  +instance Floating a => Vector a Mat4 where+  scalarMul s (Mat4 r1 r2 r3 r4) = Mat4 (g r1) (g r2) (g r3) (g r4) where g = scalarMul s+  mapVec    f (Mat4 r1 r2 r3 r4) = Mat4 (g r1) (g r2) (g r3) (g r4) where g = mapVec f++instance Floating a => MultSemiGroup (Mat4 a) where+  (.*.) (Mat4 r1 r2 r3 r4) n = +    let (Mat4 c1 c2 c3 c4) = transpose n+    in Mat4 (Vec4 (r1 &. c1) (r1 &. c2) (r1 &. c3) (r1 &. c4))+            (Vec4 (r2 &. c1) (r2 &. c2) (r2 &. c3) (r2 &. c4))+            (Vec4 (r3 &. c1) (r3 &. c2) (r3 &. c3) (r3 &. c4))+            (Vec4 (r4 &. c1) (r4 &. c2) (r4 &. c3) (r4 &. c4))+  one = idmtx ++instance Floating a => Ring (Mat4 a)++instance Floating a => LeftModule (Mat4 a) (Vec4 a) where+  lmul (Mat4 row1 row2 row3 row4) v = Vec4 (row1 &. v) (row2 &. v) (row3 &. v) (row4 &. v)+  +instance Floating a => RightModule (Vec4 a) (Mat4 a) where+  rmul v mt = lmul (transpose mt) v++instance Floating a => Diagonal (Vec4 a) (Mat4 a) where+  diag (Vec4 x y z w) = Mat4 (Vec4 x 0 0 0) (Vec4 0 y 0 0) (Vec4 0 0 z 0) (Vec4 0 0 0 w)++instance Floating a => Tensor (Mat4 a) (Vec4 a) where+  outer (Vec4 a b c d) (Vec4 x y z w) = Mat4+    (Vec4 (a*x) (a*y) (a*z) (a*w))+    (Vec4 (b*x) (b*y) (b*z) (b*w))+    (Vec4 (c*x) (c*y) (c*z) (c*w))+    (Vec4 (d*x) (d*y) (d*z) (d*w))++instance Floating a => Determinant a (Mat4 a) where+  det = error "det/Mat4: not implemented yet" +  -- det (Mat4 r1 r2 r3 r4) = ++{-+instance Show Mat4 where+  show (Mat4 r1 r2 r3 r4) = show r1 ++ "\n" ++ show r2 ++ "\n" ++ show r3 ++ "\n" ++ show r4+-}++instance (Floating a, Storable a) => Storable (Mat4 a) where+  sizeOf    _ = 4 * sizeOf (undefined::Vec4 a)+  alignment _ = alignment  (undefined::Vec4 a)+  +  peek q = do+    let p = castPtr q :: Ptr (Vec4 a)+        k = sizeOf (undefined :: Vec4 a)+    r1 <- peek        p +    r2 <- peekByteOff p (k  )+    r3 <- peekByteOff p (k+k)+    r4 <- peekByteOff p (3*k)+    return (Mat4 r1 r2 r3 r4)+    +  poke q (Mat4 r1 r2 r3 r4) = do+    let p = castPtr q :: Ptr (Vec4 a)+        k = sizeOf (undefined :: Vec4 a)+    poke        p       r1+    pokeByteOff p (k  ) r2+    pokeByteOff p (k+k) r3+    pokeByteOff p (3*k) r4++instance (Floating a, Random a) => Random (Mat4 a) where+  random = randomR (Mat4 v1 v1 v1 v1, Mat4 v2 v2 v2 v2) where+    v1 = Vec4 (-1) (-1) (-1) (-1)+    v2 = Vec4   1    1    1    1+  randomR (Mat4 a b c d, Mat4 e f g h) gen = +    let (x,gen1) = randomR (a,e) gen+        (y,gen2) = randomR (b,f) gen1+        (z,gen3) = randomR (c,g) gen2  +        (w,gen4) = randomR (d,h) gen3  +    in (Mat4 x y z w, gen4)+    +instance Floating a => Dimension (Mat4 a) where dim _ = 4+   +instance Floating a => MatrixNorms a (Mat4 a) where +  frobeniusNorm (Mat4 r1 r2 r3 r4) = +    sqrt $+      normsqr r1 + +      normsqr r2 + +      normsqr r3 + +      normsqr r4  +    +instance Floating a => Pointwise (Mat4 a) where+  pointwise (Mat4 x1 y1 z1 w1) (Mat4 x2 y2 z2 w2) = Mat4 (x1 &! x2) (y1 &! y2) (z1 &! z2) (w1 &! w2)+    +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-- Extend instances++instance Floating a => Extend a Vec2 Vec3 where+  extendZero   (Vec2 x y) = Vec3 x y 0+  extendWith t (Vec2 x y) = Vec3 x y t+  trim (Vec3 x y _)       = Vec2 x y++instance Floating a => Extend a Vec2 Vec4 where+  extendZero   (Vec2 x y) = Vec4 x y 0 0+  extendWith t (Vec2 x y) = Vec4 x y t t+  trim (Vec4 x y _ _)     = Vec2 x y ++instance Floating a => Extend a Vec3 Vec4 where+  extendZero   (Vec3 x y z) = Vec4 x y z 0+  extendWith t (Vec3 x y z) = Vec4 x y z t+  trim (Vec4 x y z _)       = Vec3 x y z++instance Floating a => Extend a Mat2 Mat3 where+  extendZero   (Mat2 p q) = Mat3 (extendZero p) (extendZero q) zero+  extendWith w (Mat2 p q) = Mat3 (extendZero p) (extendZero q) (Vec3 0 0 w)+  trim (Mat3 p q _) = Mat2 (trim p) (trim q)++instance Floating a => Extend a Mat2 Mat4 where+  extendZero   (Mat2 p q) = Mat4 (extendZero p) (extendZero q) zero zero+  extendWith w (Mat2 p q) = Mat4 (extendZero p) (extendZero q) (Vec4 0 0 w 0) (Vec4 0 0 0 w)+  trim (Mat4 p q _ _) = Mat2 (trim p) (trim q)++instance Floating a => Extend a Mat3 Mat4 where+  extendZero   (Mat3 p q r) = Mat4 (extendZero p) (extendZero q) (extendZero r) zero+  extendWith w (Mat3 p q r) = Mat4 (extendZero p) (extendZero q) (extendZero r) (Vec4 0 0 0 w)+  trim (Mat4 p q r _) = Mat3 (trim p) (trim q) (trim r)+  +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++  
+ src/Data/Vect/Floating/GramSchmidt.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@+{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-}++-- | Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization.+-- This module is not re-exported by "Data.Vect".++module Data.Vect.Floating.GramSchmidt +  ( GramSchmidt(..)+  )+  where++import Data.Vect.Floating.Base++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++liftPair :: (a -> b) -> (a,a) -> (b,b)+liftPair f (x,y) = (f x, f y)++liftTriple :: (a -> b) -> (a,a,a) -> (b,b,b)+liftTriple f (x,y,z) = (f x, f y, f z)++liftQuadruple :: (a -> b) -> (a,a,a,a) -> (b,b,b,b)+liftQuadruple f (x,y,z,w) = (f x, f y, f z, f w)++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+    +-- | produces orthogonal\/orthonormal vectors from a set of vectors    +class GramSchmidt a where+  gramSchmidt          :: a -> a   -- ^ does not normalize the vectors!+  gramSchmidtNormalize :: a -> a   -- ^ normalizes the vectors.++{-# RULES+"gramSchmidt is idempotent"  forall a. gramSchmidt (gramSchmidt a) = gramSchmidt a +"gramSchmidtNormalize is idempotent"  forall a. gramSchmidtNormalize (gramSchmidtNormalize a) = gramSchmidtNormalize a +  #-}++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++instance Floating a => GramSchmidt (Vec2 a,Vec2 a) where+  gramSchmidt = gramSchmidtPair+  gramSchmidtNormalize = gramSchmidtNormalizePair+  +instance Floating a => GramSchmidt (Vec3 a,Vec3 a) where+  gramSchmidt = gramSchmidtPair+  gramSchmidtNormalize = gramSchmidtNormalizePair+  +instance Floating a => GramSchmidt (Vec4 a,Vec4 a) where+  gramSchmidt = gramSchmidtPair+  gramSchmidtNormalize = gramSchmidtNormalizePair++----------++instance Floating a => GramSchmidt (Normal2 a,Normal2 a) where+  gramSchmidt          = error "use 'gramSchmidtNormalize' for Normal2!"+  gramSchmidtNormalize = liftPair toNormalUnsafe . gramSchmidtNormalizePair . liftPair fromNormal++instance Floating a => GramSchmidt (Normal3 a,Normal3 a) where+  gramSchmidt          = error "use 'gramSchmidtNormalize' for Normal3!"+  gramSchmidtNormalize = liftPair toNormalUnsafe . gramSchmidtNormalizePair . liftPair fromNormal++instance Floating a => GramSchmidt (Normal4 a,Normal4 a) where+  gramSchmidt          = error "use 'gramSchmidtNormalize' for Normal4!"+  gramSchmidtNormalize = liftPair toNormalUnsafe . gramSchmidtNormalizePair . liftPair fromNormal++----------+  +gramSchmidtPair :: (Vector a v, DotProd a v) => (v a,v a) -> (v a,v a)+gramSchmidtPair (u,v) = (u',v') where +  u' = u+  v' = project v u'     +  +gramSchmidtNormalizePair :: (Vector a v, DotProd a v) => (v a,v a) -> (v a,v a)+gramSchmidtNormalizePair (u,v) = (u',v') where+  u' = normalize u +  v' = normalize $ projectUnsafe v u'     ++----------++instance Floating a => GramSchmidt (Vec3 a,Vec3 a,Vec3 a) where+  gramSchmidt = gramSchmidtTriple+  gramSchmidtNormalize = gramSchmidtNormalizeTriple+     +instance Floating a => GramSchmidt (Vec4 a,Vec4 a,Vec4 a) where+  gramSchmidt = gramSchmidtTriple+  gramSchmidtNormalize = gramSchmidtNormalizeTriple++instance Floating a => GramSchmidt (Normal3 a,Normal3 a,Normal3 a) where+  gramSchmidt          = error "use 'gramSchmidtNormalize' for Normal3!"+  gramSchmidtNormalize = liftTriple toNormalUnsafe . gramSchmidtNormalizeTriple . liftTriple fromNormal++instance Floating a => GramSchmidt (Normal4 a,Normal4 a,Normal4 a) where+  gramSchmidt          = error "use 'gramSchmidtNormalize' for Normal4!"+  gramSchmidtNormalize = liftTriple toNormalUnsafe . gramSchmidtNormalizeTriple . liftTriple fromNormal++----------++gramSchmidtTriple :: (Vector a v, DotProd a v) => (v a,v a,v a) -> (v a,v a,v a)+gramSchmidtTriple (u,v,w) = (u',v',w') where +  u' = u+  v' = project v u'     +  w' = project (project w u') v' +  +gramSchmidtNormalizeTriple :: (Vector a v, DotProd a v) => (v a,v a,v a) -> (v a,v a,v a)+gramSchmidtNormalizeTriple (u,v,w) = (u',v',w') where+  u' = normalize $ u +  v' = normalize $ projectUnsafe v u'     +  w' = normalize $ projectUnsafe (projectUnsafe w u') v'     ++----------++instance Floating a => GramSchmidt (Vec4 a,Vec4 a,Vec4 a,Vec4 a) where+  gramSchmidt          = gramSchmidtQuadruple+  gramSchmidtNormalize = gramSchmidtNormalizeQuadruple ++instance Floating a => GramSchmidt (Normal4 a,Normal4 a,Normal4 a,Normal4 a) where+  gramSchmidt          = error "use 'gramSchmidtNormalize' for Normal4!"+  gramSchmidtNormalize = liftQuadruple toNormalUnsafe . gramSchmidtNormalizeQuadruple . liftQuadruple fromNormal++----------+  +gramSchmidtQuadruple :: (Vector a v, DotProd a v) => (v a,v a,v a,v a) -> (v a,v a,v a,v a)+gramSchmidtQuadruple (u,v,w,z) = (u',v',w',z') where +  u' = u+  v' = project v u'     +  w' = project (project w u') v' +  z' = project (project (project z u') v') w'++gramSchmidtNormalizeQuadruple :: (Vector a v, DotProd a v) => (v a,v a,v a,v a) -> (v a,v a,v a,v a)+gramSchmidtNormalizeQuadruple (u,v,w,z) = (u',v',w',z') where+  u' = normalize $ u+  v' = normalize $ projectUnsafe v u'     +  w' = normalize $ projectUnsafe (projectUnsafe w u') v' +  z' = normalize $ projectUnsafe (projectUnsafe (projectUnsafe z u') v') w'+  +----------+  
+ src/Data/Vect/Floating/Interpolate.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@+{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances, MultiParamTypeClasses #-}++-- TODO: interpolation for Ortho3 matrices using the (short) quaternion 'slerpU'++-- | Interpolation of vectors. +-- Note: we interpolate unit vectors differently from ordinary vectors.++module Data.Vect.Floating.Interpolate where++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++import Data.Vect.Floating.Base+import Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Dim2 (sinCos',angle2')+import Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Dim3 (rotate3')++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++class Interpolate a v where+  interpolate :: a -> v -> v -> v+  +instance Num a => Interpolate a a where+  interpolate t x y = x + t*(y-x)++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++instance Floating a => Interpolate a (Vec2 a) where interpolate t x y = x &+ t *& (y &- x)+instance Floating a => Interpolate a (Vec3 a) where interpolate t x y = x &+ t *& (y &- x)+instance Floating a => Interpolate a (Vec4 a) where interpolate t x y = x &+ t *& (y &- x)++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++{-+instance Interpolate Normal2 where+  interpolate t nx ny = sinCos' $ ax + t*adiff where+    ax = angle2' nx+    ay = angle2' ny+    adiff = helper (ay - ax)+    helper d +      | d < -pi   = d + twopi+      | d >  pi   = d - twopi+      | otherwise = d+    twopi = 2*pi+    +instance Interpolate Normal3 where +  interpolate t nx ny = +    if maxAngle < 0.001  -- more or less ad-hoc critical angle+      then mkNormal $ interpolate t x y+      else toNormalUnsafe $ rotate3' (t*maxAngle) (mkNormal axis) x where+    x = fromNormal nx+    y = fromNormal ny+    axis = (x &^ y)+    maxAngle = acos (x &. y)+-}        ++instance Floating a => Interpolate a (Normal2 a) where interpolate = slerp+instance Floating a => Interpolate a (Normal3 a) where interpolate = slerp+instance Floating a => Interpolate a (Normal4 a) where interpolate = slerp+        +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+  +{-# SPECIALIZE slerp :: Float -> Normal2 Float -> Normal2 Float -> Normal2 Float #-}+{-# SPECIALIZE slerp :: Float -> Normal3 Float -> Normal3 Float -> Normal3 Float #-}+{-# SPECIALIZE slerp :: Float -> Normal4 Float -> Normal4 Float -> Normal4 Float #-}+    +{-# SPECIALIZE slerp :: Double -> Normal2 Double -> Normal2 Double -> Normal2 Double #-}+{-# SPECIALIZE slerp :: Double -> Normal3 Double -> Normal3 Double -> Normal3 Double #-}+{-# SPECIALIZE slerp :: Double -> Normal4 Double -> Normal4 Double -> Normal4 Double #-}++-- | Spherical linear interpolation.+-- See <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slerp>    +slerp :: UnitVector a v u => a -> u a -> u a -> u a+slerp t n0 n1 = toNormalUnsafe v where+  v = (p0 &* y0) &+ (p1 &* y1) +  p0 = fromNormal n0+  p1 = fromNormal n1+  omega = acos (p0 &. p1)+  s = sin omega+  y0 = sin (omega*(1-t)) / s +  y1 = sin (omega*   t ) / s+  +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++  
+ src/Data/Vect/Floating/Util/Dim2.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@+module Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Dim2 where++import Data.Vect.Floating.Base++-- | Example: @structVec2 [1,2,3,4] = [ Vec2 1 2 , Vec2 3 4 ]@.+structVec2 :: [a] -> [Vec2 a]+structVec2 [] = []+structVec2 (x:y:ls) = (Vec2 x y):(structVec2 ls) +structVec2 _ = error "structVec2"++-- | The opposite of "structVec2".+destructVec2 :: [Vec2 a] -> [a]+destructVec2 [] = []+destructVec2 ((Vec2 x y):ls) = x:y:(destructVec2 ls)  ++det2 :: Floating a => Vec2 a -> Vec2 a -> a+det2 u v = det (u,v)++vec2X :: Num a => Vec2 a+vec2Y :: Num a => Vec2 a++vec2X = Vec2 1 0 +vec2Y = Vec2 0 1 ++translate2X :: Num a => a -> Vec2 a -> Vec2 a+translate2Y :: Num a => a -> Vec2 a -> Vec2 a++translate2X t (Vec2 x y) = Vec2 (x+t) y +translate2Y t (Vec2 x y) = Vec2 x (y+t) ++-- | unit vector with given angle relative to the positive X axis (in the positive direction, that is, CCW).+-- A more precise name would be @cosSin@, but that sounds bad :)+sinCos :: Floating a => a -> Vec2 a+sinCos a = Vec2 (cos a) (sin a)++sinCos' {- ' CPP is sensitive to primes -} :: Floating a => a -> Normal2 a+sinCos' = toNormalUnsafe . sinCos++sinCosRadius :: Floating a => a    -- ^ angle (in radians)+             -> a    -- ^ radius+             -> Vec2 a+sinCosRadius a r = Vec2 (r * cos a) (r * sin a)++-- | The angle relative to the positive X axis+angle2 :: RealFloat a => Vec2 a -> a+angle2 (Vec2 x y) = atan2 y x++angle2' {- ' CPP is sensitive to primes -} :: RealFloat a => Normal2 a -> a+angle2' = angle2 . fromNormal++-- | Rotation matrix by a given angle (in radians), counterclockwise.+rotMatrix2 :: Floating a => a -> Mat2 a+rotMatrix2 a = Mat2 (Vec2 c s) (Vec2 (-s) c) where c = cos a; s = sin a++rotMatrixOrtho2 :: Floating a => a -> Ortho2 a+rotMatrixOrtho2 = toOrthoUnsafe . rotMatrix2++rotate2 :: Floating a => a -> Vec2 a -> Vec2 a+rotate2 a v = v .* (rotMatrix2 a) ++-- |Rotates counterclockwise by 90 degrees.+rotateCCW :: Floating a => Vec2 a -> Vec2 a+rotateCCW (Vec2 x y) = Vec2 (-y) x++-- |Rotates clockwise by 90 degrees.+rotateCW :: Floating a => Vec2 a -> Vec2 a+rotateCW (Vec2 x y) = Vec2 y (-x)++
+ src/Data/Vect/Floating/Util/Dim3.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@+module Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Dim3 where++import Data.Vect.Floating.Base++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++-- | Example: @structVec3 [1,2,3,4,5,6] = [ Vec3 1 2 3 , Vec3 4 5 6]@.+structVec3 :: [a] -> [Vec3 a]+structVec3 [] = []+structVec3 (x:y:z:ls) = (Vec3 x y z):(structVec3 ls) +structVec3 _ = error "structVec3"++-- | The opposite of "structVec3".+destructVec3 :: [Vec3 a] -> [a]+destructVec3 [] = []+destructVec3 ((Vec3 x y z):ls) = x:y:z:(destructVec3 ls)  ++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++det3 :: Floating a => Vec3 a -> Vec3 a -> Vec3 a -> a+det3 u v w = det (u,v,w)++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++translate3X :: Num a => a -> Vec3 a -> Vec3 a+translate3Y :: Num a => a -> Vec3 a -> Vec3 a+translate3Z :: Num a => a -> Vec3 a -> Vec3 a++translate3X t (Vec3 x y z) = Vec3 (x+t) y z +translate3Y t (Vec3 x y z) = Vec3 x (y+t) z +translate3Z t (Vec3 x y z) = Vec3 x y (z+t) ++vec3X :: Num a => Vec3 a+vec3Y :: Num a => Vec3 a+vec3Z :: Num a => Vec3 a++vec3X = Vec3 1 0 0+vec3Y = Vec3 0 1 0+vec3Z = Vec3 0 0 1++rotMatrixZ :: Floating a => a -> Mat3 a+rotMatrixY :: Floating a => a -> Mat3 a+rotMatrixX :: Floating a => a -> Mat3 a++-- These are intended for multiplication on the /right/.+-- Should be consistent with the rotation around an arbitrary axis +-- (eg, @rotMatrixY a == rotate3 a vec3Y@)+rotMatrixZ a = Mat3 (Vec3 c s 0) (Vec3 (-s) c 0) (Vec3 0 0 1) where c = cos a; s = sin a+rotMatrixY a = Mat3 (Vec3 c 0 (-s)) (Vec3 0 1 0) (Vec3 s 0 c) where c = cos a; s = sin a+rotMatrixX a = Mat3 (Vec3 1 0 0) (Vec3 0 c s) (Vec3 0 (-s) c) where c = cos a; s = sin a++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++rotate3' {- ' CPP is sensitive to primes -} +  :: Floating a => a       -- ^ angle (in radians)+  -> Normal3 a   -- ^ axis (should be a /unit/ vector!) +  -> Vec3 a      -- ^ vector+  -> Vec3 a      -- ^ result+rotate3' angle axis v = v .* (rotMatrix3' axis angle)++rotate3 +  :: Floating a => a    -- ^ angle (in radians)+  -> Vec3 a   -- ^ axis (arbitrary nonzero vector)+  -> Vec3 a   -- ^ vector+  -> Vec3 a  -- ^ result+rotate3 angle axis v = v .* (rotMatrix3 axis angle)+      +-- | Rotation around an arbitrary 3D vector. The resulting 3x3 matrix is intended for multiplication on the /right/. +rotMatrix3 :: Floating a => Vec3 a -> a -> Mat3 a+rotMatrix3 v a = rotMatrix3' (mkNormal v) a++rotMatrixOrtho3 :: Floating a => Vec3 a -> a -> Ortho3 a+rotMatrixOrtho3 v a = toOrthoUnsafe $ rotMatrix3 v a++-- | Rotation around an arbitrary 3D /unit/ vector. The resulting 3x3 matrix is intended for multiplication on the /right/. +rotMatrix3' :: {- ' CPP is sensitive to primes -} Floating a => Normal3 a -> a -> Mat3 a+rotMatrix3' u a = +  let v = fromNormal u+      c = cos a+      s = sin a+      m1 = scalarMul (1-c) (outer v v)+      x = _1 v+      y = _2 v+      z = _3 v+      m2 = Mat3 (Vec3   c    ( s*z) (-s*y))+                (Vec3 (-s*z)   c    ( s*x))+                (Vec3 ( s*y) (-s*x)   c   )+  in (m1 &+ m2)++rotMatrixOrtho3' :: {- ' CPP is sensitive to primes -} Floating a => Normal3 a -> a -> Ortho3 a+rotMatrixOrtho3' u a = toOrthoUnsafe $ rotMatrix3' u a++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++-- | Reflects a vector to an axis: that is, the result of @reflect n v@ is+-- 2\<n,v\>n - v+reflect :: Floating a => Normal3 a -> Vec3 a -> Vec3 a+reflect u v = (s *& n) &- v where +  n = fromNormal u+  s = 2 * (n &. v)++reflect' :: Floating a => Normal3 a -> Normal3 a -> Normal3 a+reflect' u x = toNormalUnsafe $ reflect u (fromNormal x)+  +refract :: (Floating a, Ord a) => a -> Normal3 a -> Vec3 a -> Vec3 a+refract eta u v = s *& fromNormal w where+  s = norm v +  w = refract' eta u (toNormalUnsafe $ v &* (1.0/s))+  +-- | Refraction.+-- First parameter (@eta@) is the relative refraction index +--+-- >        refl_inside+-- > eta = --------------+-- >        refl_outside+--+-- where \"inside\" is the direction of the second argument +-- (to vector normal to plane which models the boundary +-- between the two materials). That is, total internal reflection+-- can occur when @eta>1@.+--+-- The convention is that the origin is the point of intersection+-- of the ray and the surface, and all the vectors \"point away\"+-- from here (unlike, say, GLSL's @refract@, where the incident+-- vector \"points towards\" the material)+refract' {- ' CPP is sensitive to primes -} +  :: (Floating a, Ord a) => a -> Normal3 a -> Normal3 a -> Normal3 a+refract' eta u i = +  if k<0+    then reflect' u i +    else toNormalUnsafe $ ((-eta) *& v) &- (- eta*c + sqrt k) *& n +  where+    n = fromNormal u+    v = fromNormal i+    c = n &. v+    k = 1 - eta*eta*(1-c*c)++-- | When total internal reflection would occur, we return "Nothing".+refractOnly' {- ' CPP is sensitive to primes -}  +  :: (Floating a, Ord a) => a -> Normal3 a -> Normal3 a -> Maybe (Normal3 a)+refractOnly' eta u i = +  if k<0+    then Nothing +    else Just $ toNormalUnsafe $ ((-eta) *& v) &- (- eta*c + sqrt k) *& n +  where+    n = fromNormal u+    v = fromNormal i+    c = n &. v+    k = 1 - eta*eta*(1-c*c)++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ src/Data/Vect/Floating/Util/Dim4.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@+-- | Rotation around an arbitrary plane in four dimensions, and other miscellanea.+-- Not very useful for most people, and not re-exported by "Data.Vect".++module Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Dim4 where++import Data.Vect.Floating.Base+import Data.Vect.Floating.GramSchmidt++structVec4 :: [a] -> [Vec4 a]+structVec4 [] = []+structVec4 (x:y:z:w:ls) = (Vec4 x y z w):(structVec4 ls) +structVec4 _ = error "structVec4"++destructVec4 :: [Vec4 a] -> [a]+destructVec4 [] = []+destructVec4 ((Vec4 x y z w):ls) = x:y:z:w:(destructVec4 ls)  ++--det4 :: Vec4 -> Vec4 -> Vec4 -> Vec4 -> Flt+--det4 u v w z = det (u,v,w,z)++translate4X :: Num a => a -> Vec4 a -> Vec4 a+translate4Y :: Num a => a -> Vec4 a -> Vec4 a+translate4Z :: Num a => a -> Vec4 a -> Vec4 a+translate4W :: Num a => a -> Vec4 a -> Vec4 a++translate4X t (Vec4 x y z w) = Vec4 (x+t) y z w +translate4Y t (Vec4 x y z w) = Vec4 x (y+t) z w +translate4Z t (Vec4 x y z w) = Vec4 x y (z+t) w+translate4W t (Vec4 x y z w) = Vec4 x y z (w+t) ++vec4X :: Num a => Vec4 a+vec4Y :: Num a => Vec4 a+vec4Z :: Num a => Vec4 a+vec4W :: Num a => Vec4 a++vec4X = Vec4 1 0 0 0+vec4Y = Vec4 0 1 0 0+vec4Z = Vec4 0 0 1 0+vec4W = Vec4 0 0 0 1++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++-- |If @(x,y,u,v)@ is an orthonormal system, then (written in pseudo-code)+-- @biVector4 (x,y) = plusMinus (reverse $ biVector4 (u,v))@.+-- This is a helper function for the 4 dimensional rotation code.+-- If @(x,y,z,p,q,r) = biVector4 a b@, then the corresponding antisymmetric tensor is+--+-- > [  0  r  q  p ]+-- > [ -r  0  z -y ]+-- > [ -q -z  0  x ]+-- > [ -p  y -x  0 ]+biVector4 :: Num a => Vec4 a -> Vec4 a -> (a,a,a,a,a,a)+biVector4 (Vec4 x y z w) (Vec4 a b c d) = +  ( x*b-y*a , x*c-z*a , x*d-w*a , y*c-z*b , -y*d+w*b , z*d-w*c )++-- | the corresponding antisymmetric tensor+biVector4AsTensor :: Num a => Vec4 a -> Vec4 a -> Mat4 a+biVector4AsTensor v w = +  Mat4 ( Vec4   0  ( r) ( q) ( p) )+       ( Vec4 (-r)   0  ( z) (-y) )+       ( Vec4 (-q) (-z)   0  ( x) )+       ( Vec4 (-p) ( y) (-x)   0  )+  where +    (x,y,z,p,q,r) = biVector4 v w++-- | We assume that the axes are normalized and /orthogonal/ to each other!+rotate4' :: {- ' CPP is sensitive to primes -} Floating a => a -> (Normal4 a,Normal4 a) -> Vec4 a -> Vec4 a+rotate4' angle axes v = v .* (rotMatrix4' angle axes)++-- | We assume only that the axes are independent vectors.+rotate4 :: Floating a => a -> (Vec4 a,Vec4 a) -> Vec4 a -> Vec4 a+rotate4 angle axes v = v .* (rotMatrix4 angle axes)++-- | Rotation matrix around a plane specified by two normalized and /orthogonal/ vectors.+-- Intended for multiplication on the /right/!+rotMatrix4' :: {- ' CPP is sensitive to primes -} Floating a => a -> (Normal4 a,Normal4 a) -> Mat4 a+rotMatrix4' angle (u1,u2) = m1 &+ (s *& m2) &+ m3 +  where+    v = fromNormal u1 ; w = fromNormal u2+    c = cos angle ; s = sin angle+    m1 = scalarMul (1-c) ( outer v v  &+  outer w w )+    m2 = biVector4AsTensor v w+    m3 = diag (Vec4 c c c c)++-- | We assume only that the axes are independent vectors.+rotMatrix4 :: Floating a => a -> (Vec4 a,Vec4 a) -> Mat4 a  +rotMatrix4 angle axes = +  rotMatrix4' angle $ liftPair toNormalUnsafe $ gramSchmidtNormalize axes +  where +    liftPair f (x,y) = (f x, f y)+    +    
+ src/Data/Vect/Floating/Util/Projective.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@+{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleContexts, ScopedTypeVariables #-}+-- | Classic 4x4 projective matrices, encoding the affine transformations of R^3.+-- Our convention is that they are intended for multiplication on+-- the /right/, that is, they are of the form+--+-- >     _____+-- > [  |     |  0  ]+-- > [  | 3x3 |  0  ]+-- > [  |_____|  0  ]+-- > [  p  q  r  1  ]+--+-- Please note that by default, OpenGL stores the matrices (in memory) by columns, while we +-- store them by rows; but OpenGL also use the opposite convention (so the OpenGL projective matrices +-- are intended for multiplication on the /left/). So in effect, they are the same when stored in the memory,+-- say with @poke :: Ptr Mat4 -> Mat4 -> IO ()@.+--+-- Warning: The naming conventions will probably change in the future.++module Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Projective where++import Data.Vect.Floating.Base+import Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Dim3++import qualified Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Dim4 as Dim4++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++rotMatrixProj4' :: {- ' CPP is sensitive to primes -} (Floating a, Projective a Vec3 Mat3 Ortho3 b Proj4) => a -> Normal3 a -> Proj4 a+rotMatrixProj4' angle axis = linear $ rotMatrix3' axis angle++rotMatrixProj4 :: Floating a => a -> Vec3 a -> Proj4 a+rotMatrixProj4 angle axis = linear $ rotMatrix3 axis angle++-- | synonym for "rotateAfterProj4"+rotateProj4 :: Floating a => a -> Normal3 a -> Proj4 a -> Proj4 a+rotateProj4 = rotateAfterProj4++-- | Synonym for @\m -> m .*. rotMatrixProj4 angle axis@.+rotateAfterProj4 :: Floating a => a -> Normal3 a -> Proj4 a -> Proj4 a+rotateAfterProj4 angle axis m = m .*. (rotMatrixProj4' angle axis) ++-- | Synonym for @\m -> rotMatrixProj4 angle axis .*. m@.+rotateBeforeProj4 :: Floating a => a -> Normal3 a -> Proj4 a -> Proj4 a+rotateBeforeProj4 angle axis m = (rotMatrixProj4' angle axis) .*. m ++---------------++--scalingUniformProj3 :: Flt -> Proj3+--scalingUniformProj3 x = scaling (Vec2 x x)++scalingUniformProj4 :: Floating a => a -> Proj4 a+scalingUniformProj4 x = scaling (Vec3 x x x)++-- | Equivalent to @\m -> scaling v .*. m@.+scaleBeforeProj4 :: Floating a => Vec3 a -> Proj4 a -> Proj4 a+scaleBeforeProj4 (Vec3 u v w) p4 =  +  toProjectiveUnsafe $ +    Mat4 (u*&a) (v*&b) (w*&c) t+  where+    Mat4 a b c t = fromProjective p4++-- | Equivalent to @\m -> m .*. scaling v@.+scaleAfterProj4 :: Floating a => Vec3 a -> Proj4 a -> Proj4 a+scaleAfterProj4 v p4 =+  toProjectiveUnsafe $ +    Mat4 (a&!w) (b&!w) (c&!w) (t&!w)+  where+    w = extendWith 1 v+    Mat4 a b c t = fromProjective p4+    +---------------++-- | Synonym for "translateAfter4"+translate4 :: Floating a => Vec3 a -> Proj4 a -> Proj4 a+translate4 = translateAfter4++-- | Equivalent to @\m -> m .*. translation v@.+translateAfter4 :: Floating a => Vec3 a -> Proj4 a -> Proj4 a+translateAfter4 v p4 = +  toProjectiveUnsafe $+    Mat4 r1 r2 r3 (extendWith 0 v &+ r4)+  where+    Mat4 r1 r2 r3 r4 = fromProjective p4 ++-- | Equivalent to @\m -> translation v .*. m@.+translateBefore4 :: (Floating a, Extend a Mat3 Mat4, RightModule (Vec3 a) (Mat3 a)) => Vec3 a -> Proj4 a -> Proj4 a+translateBefore4 v p4 = +  toProjectiveUnsafe $ +    Mat4 r1 r2 r3 (extendWith 0 u &+ r4) +  where +   u = v .*  trim mat +   mat@(Mat4 r1 r2 r3 r4) = fromProjective p4+   +---------------+
+ src/Data/Vect/Floating/Util/Quaternion.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@+-- | The unit sphere in the space of quaternions has the group structure+-- SU(2) coming from the quaternion multiplication, which is the double+-- cover of the group SO(3) of rotations in R^3. Thus, unit quaternions can+-- be used to encode rotations in 3D, which is a more compact encoding +-- (4 floats) than a 3x3 matrix; however, there are /two/ quaternions+-- corresponding to each rotation.+--+-- See <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaternion> and +-- <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaternions_and_spatial_rotation>+-- for more information.++{-# LANGUAGE DeriveDataTypeable, FlexibleInstances, MultiParamTypeClasses, StandaloneDeriving, GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving #-}+module Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Quaternion where++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++import Data.Typeable++import Data.Vect.Floating.Base+import Data.Vect.Floating.Interpolate++import Foreign.Storable+import System.Random++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-- * types++-- | The type for quaternions. +newtype Quaternion a = Q (Vec4 a)+  deriving (Read,Show,Storable,AbelianGroup,Random,Interpolate a, Typeable)+           +deriving instance Floating a => Vector a Quaternion+deriving instance Floating a => DotProd a Quaternion++-- | The type for unit quaternions. +newtype UnitQuaternion a = U (Vec4 a)+  deriving (Read,Show,Storable,Typeable)+           +deriving instance Floating a => DotProd a UnitQuaternion++-- | An abbreviated type synonym for quaternions+type Q = Quaternion++-- | An abbreviated type synonym for unit quaternions+type U = UnitQuaternion+   +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++instance Floating a => UnitVector a Quaternion UnitQuaternion where+  mkNormal (Q v) = U (normalize v)+  toNormalUnsafe (Q v) = U v+  fromNormal (U v) = Q v+  fromNormalRadius r (U v) = Q (v &* r)++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-- * general quaternions++unitQ :: Num a => Q a+unitQ = Q (Vec4 1 0 0 0)++zeroQ :: Num a => Q a+zeroQ = Q (Vec4 0 0 0 0)++multQ :: Num a => Q a -> Q a -> Q a+multQ (Q (Vec4 a1 b1 c1 d1)) (Q (Vec4 a2 b2 c2 d2)) = Q $ Vec4 +  (a1*a2 - b1*b2 - c1*c2 - d1*d2)+  (a1*b2 + b1*a2 + c1*d2 - d1*c2)+  (a1*c2 - b1*d2 + c1*a2 + d1*b2)+  (a1*d2 + b1*c2 - c1*b2 + d1*a2)++negQ :: Floating a => Q a -> Q a+negQ (Q v) = Q (neg v)++normalizeQ :: Floating a => Q a -> Q a+normalizeQ (Q v) = Q (normalize v)++-- | The inverse quaternion+invQ :: Floating a => Q a -> Q a+invQ (Q (Vec4 a b c d)) = Q (v &* (1 / normsqr v)) where +  v = Vec4 a (-b) (-c) (-d)+  +fromQ :: Q a -> Vec4 a+fromQ (Q v) = v ++toQ :: Vec4 a -> Q a+toQ = Q +  +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++{- +-- we use newtype deriving instead++instance AbelianGroup Quaternion where+  (Q v1) &+ (Q v2) = Q (v1 &+ v2)   +  (Q v1) &- (Q v2) = Q (v1 &+ v2)   +  neg (Q v) = Q (neg v)+  zero = zeroQ++instance DotProd Quaternion where+  dotprod (Q v1) (Q v2) = dotprod v1 v2++-}++instance Num a => MultSemiGroup (Quaternion a) where+  one   = unitQ  +  (.*.) = multQ+++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-- * unit quaternions++unitU :: Num a => U a+unitU = U (Vec4 1 0 0 0)++multU :: Num a => U a -> U a -> U a+multU (U (Vec4 a1 b1 c1 d1)) (U (Vec4 a2 b2 c2 d2)) = U $ Vec4 +  (a1*a2 - b1*b2 - c1*c2 - d1*d2)+  (a1*b2 + b1*a2 + c1*d2 - d1*c2)+  (a1*c2 - b1*d2 + c1*a2 + d1*b2)+  (a1*d2 + b1*c2 - c1*b2 + d1*a2)+  +-- | The opposite quaternion (which encodes the same rotation)+negU :: Floating a => U a -> U a+negU (U v) = U (neg v)++-- | This is no-op, up to numerical imprecision.+-- However, if you multiply together a large number of unit quaternions, +-- it may be a good idea to normalize the end result.+normalizeU :: Floating a => U a -> U a+normalizeU (U v) = U (normalize v)++-- | The inverse of a unit quaternion+invU :: Num a => U a -> U a+invU (U (Vec4 a b c d)) = U $ Vec4 a (-b) (-c) (-d)++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ +fromU :: Num a => U a -> Vec4 a+fromU (U v) = v ++fromU' :: Floating a => U a -> Normal4 a+fromU' (U v) = toNormalUnsafe v++mkU :: Floating a => Vec4 a -> U a+mkU = U . normalize++toU :: Floating a => Normal4 a -> U a+toU = U . fromNormal++unsafeToU :: Num a => Vec4 a -> U a+unsafeToU = U ++--------------------------------------------------------------------------------++{-  +-- we use newtype deriving instead++instance DotProd UnitQuaternion where+  dotprod (Q v1) (Q v2) = dotprod v1 v2+  +-}+   +instance Floating a => MultSemiGroup (UnitQuaternion a) where+  one   = unitU  +  (.*.) = multU+ +instance Num a => LeftModule (UnitQuaternion a) (Vec3 a) where+  lmul u v = actU u v++instance (Floating a, Ord a, Random a) => Random (UnitQuaternion a) where+  random g = let (n, h) = random g +                 v = fromNormal n+             in  (U v, h)  +  randomR _ = random     +  +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-- * unit quaternions as rotations++-- | The /left/ action of unit quaternions on 3D vectors.+-- That is,+-- +-- > actU q1 $ actU q2 v  ==  actU (q1 `multU` q2) v +actU :: Num a => U a -> Vec3 a -> Vec3 a+actU (U (Vec4 a b c d)) (Vec3 x y z) = Vec3 x' y' z' where+  x' =  x*(aa + bb - cc - dd)  +  y*(  2 * (bc - ad)  )  +  z*(  2 * (bd + ac)  )+  y' =  x*(  2 * (bc + ad)  )  +  y*(aa - bb + cc - dd)  +  z*(  2 * (cd - ab)  )+  z' =  x*(  2 * (bd - ac)  )  +  y*(  2 * (cd + ab)  )  +  z*(aa - bb - cc + dd)+  --+  aa = a*a ; bb = b*b ; cc = c*c ; dd = d*d+  ab = a*b ; ac = a*c ; ad = a*d+  bc = b*c ; bd = b*d ; cd = c*d+  +actU' :: Floating a => U a -> Normal3 a -> Normal3 a+actU' u n = toNormalUnsafe $ actU u (fromNormal n)++-- | The quaternion to encode rotation around an axis. Please note+-- that quaternions act on the /left/, that is+--+-- > rotU axis1 angl1 *. rotU axis2 angl2 *. v  ==  (rotU axis1 angl1 .*. rotU axis2 angl2) *. v +--+rotU :: Floating a => Vec3 a -> a -> U a+rotU axis angle = rotU' (mkNormal axis) angle++rotU' {- ' CPP is sensitive to primes -} :: Floating a => Normal3 a -> a -> U a+rotU' axis angle = U (Vec4 c (x*s) (y*s) (z*s)) where+  Vec3 x y z = fromNormal axis +  half = 0.5 * angle+  c = cos half+  s = sin half++-- | Interpolation of unit quaternions. Note that when applied to rotations,+-- this may be not what you want, since it is possible that the shortest path+-- in the space of unit quaternions is not the shortest path in the space of+-- rotations; see 'slerpU'!+longSlerpU :: Floating a => a -> U a -> U a -> U a+longSlerpU t (U p0) (U p1) = U v where+  v = (p0 &* y0) &+ (p1 &* y1) +  omega = acos (p0 &. p1)+  s = sin omega+  y0 = sin (omega*(1-t)) / s +  y1 = sin (omega*   t ) / s++-- | This is shortest path interpolation in the space of rotations; however+-- this is achieved by possibly flipping the first endpoint in the space of+-- quaternions. Thus @slerpU 0.001 q1 q2@ may be very far from @q1@ (and very+-- close to @negU q1@) in the space of quaternions (but they are very close+-- in the space of rotations). +slerpU :: (Floating a, Ord a) => a -> U a -> U a -> U a+slerpU t (U p0') (U p1) = U v where+  v = (p0 &* y0) &+ (p1 &* y1) +  +  d' = p0' &. p1  +  (d,p0) = if d' >= 0 +    then ( d',     p0')+    else (-d', neg p0')+    +  omega = acos d+  s = sin omega+  y0 = sin (omega*(1-t)) / s +  y1 = sin (omega*   t ) / s+  +-- | Makes a rotation matrix (to be multiplied with on the /right/) out of a unit quaternion:+--+-- > v .* rightOrthoU (rotU axis angl)  ==  v .* rotMatrix3 axis angl+-- +-- Please note that while these matrices act on the /right/, quaternions act on the /left/; thus+-- +-- > rightOrthoU q1 .*. rightOrthoU q2  ==  rightOrthoU (q2 .*. q1)+--+rightOrthoU :: Floating a => U a -> Ortho3 a+rightOrthoU = toOrthoUnsafe . transpose . fromOrtho . leftOrthoU++-- | Makes a rotation matrix (to be multiplied with on the /left/) out of a unit quaternion.+--+-- > leftOrthoU (rotU axis angl) *. v  ==  v .* rotMatrix3 axis angl+-- +leftOrthoU :: Floating a => U a -> Ortho3 a+leftOrthoU (U (Vec4 a b c d)) = toOrthoUnsafe $ Mat3 row1 row2 row3 where+  row1 = Vec3  (aa + bb - cc - dd)  (  2 * (bc - ad)  )  (  2 * (bd + ac)  )+  row2 = Vec3  (  2 * (bc + ad)  )  (aa - bb + cc - dd)  (  2 * (cd - ab)  )+  row3 = Vec3  (  2 * (bd - ac)  )  (  2 * (cd + ab)  )  (aa - bb - cc + dd)+  --+  aa = a*a ; bb = b*b ; cc = c*c ; dd = d*d+  ab = a*b ; ac = a*c ; ad = a*d+  bc = b*c ; bd = b*d ; cd = c*d+  +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------+  +  
+ vect-floating.cabal view
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@+-- Initial vect-floating.cabal generated by cabal init.  For further +-- documentation, see http://haskell.org/cabal/users-guide/++name:                vect-floating+version:             0.1.0.0+synopsis:            A low-dimensional linear algebra library, operating on the Floating typeclass+description:         A low-dimensional (2, 3, 4 and Quaternions) linear algebra library, +		     with lots of useful functions. Forked from vect library at <http://hackage.haskell.org/package/vect>+		     by Balazs Komuves in order to use Floating typeclass instead of Float, Double. +		     Will be compatible with accelerate in a future package. +		     Many thanks to Balazs Komuves.+homepage:            http://github.com/cdurham/vect-floating+license:             BSD3+license-file:        LICENSE+author:              Balazs Komuves, Charles Durham+maintainer:          Charles Durham <cpdurham@gmail.com>+copyright:           (c) 2008-2011 Balazs Komuves (c) 2014 Charles Durham+category:            Math+build-type:          Simple+cabal-version:       >=1.8++library+  exposed-modules: Data.Vect.Floating, Data.Vect.Floating.Base, Data.Vect.Floating.Interpolate, Data.Vect.Floating.GramSchmidt, Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Projective, Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Dim2, Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Dim3, Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Dim4, Data.Vect.Floating.Util.Quaternion+		       +  -- other-modules:       +  build-depends:       base ==4.6.*, random ==1.0.*+  hs-source-dirs:      src