diff --git a/ChangeLog.md b/ChangeLog.md
--- a/ChangeLog.md
+++ b/ChangeLog.md
@@ -1,5 +1,42 @@
 # ChangeLog for time-manager
 
+## 0.3.2
+
+* Add `stopAfterWithResult`. [#1069](https://github.com/yesodweb/wai/pull/1069)
+
+## 0.3.1.1
+
+* Added `README.md` file and improved documentation of modules and functions.
+  [#1057](https://github.com/yesodweb/wai/pull/1057)
+
+## 0.3.1
+
+BUGFIXES:
+
+* [#1055](https://github.com/yesodweb/wai/pull/1055)
+  * `resume` now acts as a `tickle` if the `Handle` isn't paused.
+    This is the same behaviour as before version `0.3.0`.
+  * `registerKillThread` now throws the `TimeoutThread` in a separate
+    thread, so as to not block the GHC's System TimerManager.
+    This does mean that `TimeoutThread` exceptions could technically
+    be thrown "out of order", but they will be more prompt.
+
+
+## 0.3.0
+
+* [#1048](https://github.com/yesodweb/wai/pull/1048)
+  * New architecture. The backend is switched from the designated thread
+    to GHC's System TimerManager. From this version, this library is
+    just wrapper APIs of GHC's System TimerManager. Unlike v0.2 or
+    earlier, callbacks are executed at the exact time. System
+    TimerManager uses a PSQ (a tree) while v0.2 or earlier uses a list.
+    So, this version hopefully scales better.
+  * Deprecated functions: `stopManager`, `killManager` and `withManager'`.
+  * `tickle` sets the specified timeout from now.
+  * `pause` is now identical to `cancel`.
+  * `resume` is now re-registration of timeout.
+  * The signature of `withHandle` is changed.
+
 ## 0.2.4
 
 * Providing `isAllGone`.
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+## time-manager
+
+This package provides module to let you run actions with resettable timeouts
+(i.e. `System.TimeManager`) and run actions that will make sure that all
+threads forked with the given `ThreadManager` will be killed when the action
+finishes.
+
+## WARNINGS
+
+Since version `0.3.0`, **the timeout manager relies on GHC internals**.
+This change also means that using **this package only works with the threaded**
+**runtime**. The moment a timeout is registered on a non-threaded runtime, an
+exception will be thrown.
diff --git a/System/ThreadManager.hs b/System/ThreadManager.hs
--- a/System/ThreadManager.hs
+++ b/System/ThreadManager.hs
@@ -4,10 +4,22 @@
 
 -- | A thread manager including a time manager.
 --   The manager has responsibility to kill managed threads.
+--
+-- Because this is based on the accompanying "System.TimeManager" module,
+-- the same caveats apply:
+--
+--   * Only works for GHC.
+--   * Only works with a threaded runtime.
+--   * Users of older versions should check the current semantics.
+--   * Using 32-bit systems means the max timeout is @'maxBound' :: Int@
+--     (2147483647) microseconds, which is less than 36 minutes.
+--   * Using the same 'Handle' in different threads might cause issues in some
+--     edge cases. (i.e. using cancel/pause in one thread, and resume in another)
 module System.ThreadManager (
     ThreadManager,
     newThreadManager,
     stopAfter,
+    stopAfterWithResult,
     KilledByThreadManager (..),
 
     -- * Fork
@@ -36,7 +48,7 @@
 import qualified Control.Exception as E
 import Control.Monad (unless, void)
 import Data.Foldable (forM_)
-import Data.IORef
+import Data.IORef (IORef, atomicModifyIORef', newIORef)
 import Data.Map.Strict (Map)
 import qualified Data.Map.Strict as Map
 import Data.Word (Word64)
@@ -65,10 +77,12 @@
 
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
--- | Starting a thread manager.
---   Its action is initially set to 'return ()' and should be set
---   by 'setAction'. This allows that the action can include
---   the manager itself.
+-- | Create a thread manager.
+--
+-- To create a 'ThreadManager', you will first have to create a
+-- 'T.Manager' from the "System.TimeManager" module.
+--
+-- You can use either 'System.TimeManager.initialize' or 'System.TimeManager.withManager'.
 newThreadManager :: T.Manager -> IO ThreadManager
 newThreadManager timmgr = ThreadManager timmgr <$> newTVarIO Map.empty
 
@@ -84,12 +98,34 @@
 
 -- | Stopping the manager.
 --
+-- @
+-- stopAfter threadManager action cleanup
+-- @
+--
 -- The action is run in the scope of an exception handler that catches all
 -- exceptions (including asynchronous ones); this allows the cleanup handler
 -- to cleanup in all circumstances. If an exception is caught, it is rethrown
 -- after the cleanup is complete.
 stopAfter :: ThreadManager -> IO a -> (Maybe SomeException -> IO ()) -> IO a
-stopAfter (ThreadManager _timmgr var) action cleanup = do
+stopAfter mgr action cleanup =
+    stopAfterWithResult mgr action $ \mResult ->
+        case mResult of
+            Left err -> do
+                cleanup (Just err)
+                E.throwIO err
+            Right result -> do
+                cleanup Nothing
+                return result
+
+-- | Generalization of 'stopAfter' where the cleanup handler is allowed to construct the final result
+--
+-- Unlike in 'stopAfter', if an exception is thrown, it is not re-thrown after the cleanup
+-- handler completes; the cleanup handler itself can decide to rethrow it or compute a result.
+--
+-- @since 0.3.2
+stopAfterWithResult
+    :: ThreadManager -> IO a -> (Either SomeException a -> IO b) -> IO b
+stopAfterWithResult (ThreadManager _timmgr var) action cleanup = do
     E.mask $ \unmask -> do
         ma <- E.try $ unmask action
         m <- atomically $ do
@@ -100,9 +136,7 @@
             er = either Just (const Nothing) ma
             ex = KilledByThreadManager er
         forM_ ths $ \(ManagedThread wtid ref) -> lockAndKill wtid ref ex
-        case ma of
-            Left err -> cleanup (Just err) >> E.throwIO err
-            Right a -> cleanup Nothing >> return a
+        cleanup ma
 
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -123,42 +157,65 @@
 
 -- | Like 'forkManaged', but run action with exceptions masked
 forkManagedUnmask
-    :: ThreadManager -> String -> ((forall x. IO x -> IO x) -> IO ()) -> IO ()
+    :: ThreadManager
+    -> String
+    -- ^ Thread name
+    -> ((forall x. IO x -> IO x) -> IO ())
+    -- ^ Action with unmask argument
+    -> IO ()
 forkManagedUnmask (ThreadManager _timmgr var) label io =
     void $ E.mask_ $ forkIOWithUnmask $ \unmask -> E.handle ignore $ do
         labelMe label
         E.bracket (setup var) (clear var) $ \_ -> io unmask
 
 -- | Fork a managed thread with a handle created by a timeout manager.
-forkManagedTimeout :: ThreadManager -> String -> (T.Handle -> IO ()) -> IO ()
+forkManagedTimeout
+    :: ThreadManager
+    -> String
+    -- ^ Thread name
+    -> (T.Handle -> IO ())
+    -- ^ Action with timeout handle
+    -> IO ()
 forkManagedTimeout (ThreadManager timmgr var) label io =
-    void $ forkIO $ E.handle ignore $ do
+    void $ forkIO $ do
         labelMe label
         E.bracket (setup var) (clear var) $ \(_n, wtid, ref) ->
-            -- 'TimeoutThread' is ignored by 'withHandle'.
-            void $ T.withHandle timmgr (lockAndKill wtid ref T.TimeoutThread) io
+            E.handle ignore $ T.withHandle timmgr (lockAndKill wtid ref ex) io
+  where
+    ex = KilledByThreadManager Nothing
 
 -- | Fork a managed thread with a cleanup function.
-forkManagedFinally :: ThreadManager -> String -> IO () -> IO () -> IO ()
-forkManagedFinally mgr label io final = E.mask $ \restore ->
-    forkManaged
-        mgr
-        label
-        (E.try (restore io) >>= \(_ :: Either E.SomeException ()) -> final)
+forkManagedFinally
+    :: ThreadManager
+    -> String
+    -- ^ Thread name
+    -> IO ()
+    -- ^ Action
+    -> IO ()
+    -- ^ Cleanup function
+    -> IO ()
+forkManagedFinally mgr label io final =
+    forkManagedUnmask mgr label $ \restore ->
+        E.try (restore io) >>= \(_ :: Either E.SomeException ()) -> final
 
 -- | Fork a managed thread with a handle created by a timeout manager
 -- and with a cleanup function.
 forkManagedTimeoutFinally
-    :: ThreadManager -> String -> (T.Handle -> IO ()) -> IO () -> IO ()
+    :: ThreadManager
+    -> String
+    -- ^ Thread name
+    -> (T.Handle -> IO ())
+    -- ^ Action with timeout handle
+    -> IO ()
+    -- ^ Cleanup function
+    -> IO ()
 forkManagedTimeoutFinally mgr label io final = E.mask $ \restore ->
-    forkManagedTimeout
-        mgr
-        label
-        (\th -> E.try (restore $ io th) >>= \(_ :: Either E.SomeException ()) -> final)
+    forkManagedTimeout mgr label $ \th ->
+        E.try (restore $ io th) >>= \(_ :: Either E.SomeException ()) -> final
 
 setup :: TVar (Map Key ManagedThread) -> IO (Key, Weak ThreadId, IORef Bool)
 setup var = do
-    (wtid, n) <- myWeakThradId
+    (wtid, n) <- myWeakThreadId
     ref <- newIORef False
     let ent = ManagedThread wtid ref
     -- asking to throw KilledByThreadManager to me
@@ -183,21 +240,21 @@
 ignore :: KilledByThreadManager -> IO ()
 ignore (KilledByThreadManager _) = return ()
 
--- | Wait until all managed thread are finished.
+-- | Wait until all managed threads are finished.
 waitUntilAllGone :: ThreadManager -> IO ()
-waitUntilAllGone (ThreadManager _timmgr var) = atomically $ do
-    m <- readTVar var
-    check (Map.size m == 0)
+waitUntilAllGone tm =
+    atomically $
+        isAllGone tm >>= check
 
+-- | STM action that checks if all managed threads are finished.
 isAllGone :: ThreadManager -> STM Bool
-isAllGone (ThreadManager _timmgr var) = do
-    m <- readTVar var
-    return (Map.size m == 0)
+isAllGone (ThreadManager _timmgr var) =
+    Map.null <$> readTVar var
 
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
-myWeakThradId :: IO (Weak ThreadId, Key)
-myWeakThradId = do
+myWeakThreadId :: IO (Weak ThreadId, Key)
+myWeakThreadId = do
     tid <- myThreadId
     wtid <- mkWeakThreadId tid
     let n = fromThreadId tid
@@ -208,8 +265,10 @@
     tid <- myThreadId
     labelThread tid l
 
+-- | Registering a 'T.TimeoutAction' and unregister its 'T.Handle'
+--   when the body action is finished.
 withHandle
-    :: ThreadManager -> T.TimeoutAction -> (T.Handle -> IO a) -> IO (Maybe a)
+    :: ThreadManager -> T.TimeoutAction -> (T.Handle -> IO a) -> IO a
 withHandle (ThreadManager timmgr _) = T.withHandle timmgr
 
 #if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ < 908
diff --git a/System/TimeManager.hs b/System/TimeManager.hs
--- a/System/TimeManager.hs
+++ b/System/TimeManager.hs
@@ -1,7 +1,18 @@
-{-# LANGUAGE BangPatterns #-}
-{-# LANGUAGE DeriveDataTypeable #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE CPP #-}
 {-# LANGUAGE RecordWildCards #-}
 
+-- | Timeout manager. Since @v0.3.0@, timeout manager is a wrapper of
+-- GHC System TimerManager.
+--
+-- Some caveats of using this package:
+--
+--   * Only works for GHC
+--   * Only works with a threaded runtime
+--   * Users of older versions should check the current semantics.
+--   * Using 32-bit systems means the max timeout is @'maxBound' :: Int@
+--     (2147483647) microseconds, which is less than 36 minutes.
+--   * Using the same 'Handle' in different threads might cause issues in some
+--     edge cases. (i.e. using cancel/pause in one thread, and resume in another)
 module System.TimeManager (
     -- ** Types
     Manager,
@@ -35,164 +46,150 @@
     TimeoutThread (..),
 ) where
 
-import Control.Concurrent (mkWeakThreadId, myThreadId)
+import Control.Concurrent (forkIO, mkWeakThreadId, myThreadId)
 import qualified Control.Exception as E
 import Control.Monad (void)
-import Control.Reaper
-import Data.IORef (IORef)
 import qualified Data.IORef as I
-import Data.Typeable (Typeable)
-import System.IO.Unsafe
 import System.Mem.Weak (deRefWeak)
+import System.TimeManager.Internal
 
-----------------------------------------------------------------
+#if defined(mingw32_HOST_OS)
+import qualified GHC.Event.Windows as EV
+#else
+import qualified GHC.Event as EV
+#endif
 
--- | A timeout manager
-data Manager = Manager (Reaper [Handle] Handle) | NoManager
+----------------------------------------------------------------
 
--- | No manager.
+-- | A manager whose timeout value is 0 (no callbacks are fired).
 defaultManager :: Manager
-defaultManager = NoManager
-
--- | An action to be performed on timeout.
-type TimeoutAction = IO ()
-
--- | A handle used by a timeout manager.
-data Handle = Handle
-    { handleManager :: Manager
-    , handleActionRef :: IORef TimeoutAction
-    , handleStateRef :: IORef State
-    }
-
-{-# NOINLINE emptyAction #-}
-emptyAction :: IORef TimeoutAction
-emptyAction = unsafePerformIO $ I.newIORef (return ())
+defaultManager = Manager 0
 
-{-# NOINLINE emptyState #-}
-emptyState :: IORef State
-emptyState = unsafePerformIO $ I.newIORef Inactive
+----------------------------------------------------------------
 
+-- | Dummy 'Handle'.
 emptyHandle :: Handle
 emptyHandle =
     Handle
-        { handleManager = NoManager
-        , handleActionRef = emptyAction
-        , handleStateRef = emptyState
+        { handleTimeout = 0
+        , handleAction = pure ()
+        , handleKeyRef = error "time-manager: Handle.handleKeyRef not set"
+        , handleState = error "time-manager: Handle.handleState not set"
         }
 
-data State
-    = Active -- Manager turns it to Inactive.
-    | Inactive -- Manager removes it with timeout action.
-    | Paused -- Manager does not change it.
-
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
--- | Creating timeout manager which works every N microseconds
---   where N is the first argument.
+-- | Creating timeout manager with a timeout value in microseconds.
+--
+--   Setting the timeout to zero or lower (<= 0) will produce a
+--   `defaultManager`.
 initialize :: Int -> IO Manager
-initialize timeout
-    | timeout <= 0 = return NoManager
-initialize timeout =
-    Manager
-        <$> mkReaper
-            defaultReaperSettings
-                { -- Data.Set cannot be used since 'partition' cannot be used
-                  -- with 'readIORef`. So, let's just use a list.
-                  reaperAction = mkListAction prune
-                , reaperDelay = timeout
-                , reaperThreadName = "WAI timeout manager (Reaper)"
-                }
-  where
-    prune m@Handle{..} = do
-        state <- I.atomicModifyIORef' handleStateRef (\x -> (inactivate x, x))
-        case state of
-            Inactive -> do
-                onTimeout <- I.readIORef handleActionRef
-                onTimeout `E.catch` ignoreSync
-                return Nothing
-            _ -> return $ Just m
-
-    inactivate Active = Inactive
-    inactivate x = x
+initialize = pure . Manager . max 0
 
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
--- | Stopping timeout manager with onTimeout fired.
+-- | Obsoleted since version 0.3.0
+--   Is now equivalent to @pure ()@.
 stopManager :: Manager -> IO ()
-stopManager NoManager = return ()
-stopManager (Manager mgr) = E.mask_ (reaperStop mgr >>= mapM_ fire)
-  where
-    fire Handle{..} = do
-        onTimeout <- I.readIORef handleActionRef
-        onTimeout `E.catch` ignoreSync
+stopManager _ = pure ()
+{-# DEPRECATED stopManager "This function does nothing since version 0.3.0" #-}
 
--- | Killing timeout manager immediately without firing onTimeout.
+-- | Obsoleted since version 0.3.0
+--   Is now equivalent to @pure ()@.
 killManager :: Manager -> IO ()
-killManager NoManager = return ()
-killManager (Manager mgr) = reaperKill mgr
+killManager _ = pure ()
+{-# DEPRECATED killManager "This function does nothing since version 0.3.0" #-}
 
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
 -- | Registering a timeout action and unregister its handle
 --   when the body action is finished.
---   'Nothing' is returned on timeout.
-withHandle :: Manager -> TimeoutAction -> (Handle -> IO a) -> IO (Maybe a)
-withHandle mgr onTimeout action =
-    E.handle ignore $ E.bracket (register mgr onTimeout) cancel $ \th ->
-        Just <$> action th
-  where
-    ignore TimeoutThread = return Nothing
+withHandle :: Manager -> TimeoutAction -> (Handle -> IO a) -> IO a
+withHandle mgr onTimeout action
+    | isNoManager mgr = action emptyHandle
+    | otherwise = E.bracket (register mgr onTimeout) cancel action
 
 -- | Registering a timeout action of killing this thread and
 --   unregister its handle when the body action is killed or finished.
 withHandleKillThread :: Manager -> TimeoutAction -> (Handle -> IO ()) -> IO ()
-withHandleKillThread mgr onTimeout action =
-    E.handle ignore $ E.bracket (registerKillThread mgr onTimeout) cancel action
+withHandleKillThread mgr onTimeout action
+    | isNoManager mgr = action emptyHandle
+    | otherwise =
+        E.handle ignore $ E.bracket (registerKillThread mgr onTimeout) cancel action
   where
-    ignore TimeoutThread = return ()
+    ignore TimeoutThread = pure ()
 
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
 -- | Registering a timeout action.
 register :: Manager -> TimeoutAction -> IO Handle
-register NoManager _ = return emptyHandle
-register m@(Manager mgr) !onTimeout = do
-    actionRef <- I.newIORef onTimeout
-    stateRef <- I.newIORef Active
-    let h =
-            Handle
-                { handleManager = m
-                , handleActionRef = actionRef
-                , handleStateRef = stateRef
-                }
-    reaperAdd mgr h
-    return h
+register mgr@(Manager timeout) onTimeout
+    | isNoManager mgr = pure emptyHandle
+    | otherwise = do
+        sysmgr <- getTimerManager
+        key <- EV.registerTimeout sysmgr timeout onTimeout
+        keyref <- I.newIORef key
+        state <- I.newIORef Active
+        let h =
+                Handle
+                    { handleTimeout = timeout
+                    , handleAction = onTimeout
+                    , handleKeyRef = keyref
+                    , handleState = state
+                    }
+        pure h
 
--- | Removing the 'Handle' from the 'Manager' immediately.
+-- | Unregistering the timeout.
 cancel :: Handle -> IO ()
-cancel Handle{..} = case handleManager of
-    NoManager -> return ()
-    Manager mgr -> void $ reaperModify mgr filt
-  where
-    -- It's very important that this function forces the whole workload so we
-    -- don't retain old handles, otherwise disasterous leaks occur.
-    filt [] = []
-    filt (h@(Handle _ _ ref) : hs)
-        | handleStateRef == ref = hs
-        | otherwise =
-            let !hs' = filt hs
-             in h : hs'
+cancel h@Handle{..} = withNonEmptyHandle h $ do
+    mgr <- getTimerManager
+    key <- I.readIORef handleKeyRef
+    EV.unregisterTimeout mgr key
+    I.atomicWriteIORef handleState Stopped
 
+-- | Extending the timeout.
+--
+-- Careful: this does NOT reactivate an already paused 'Handle'!
+tickle :: Handle -> IO ()
+tickle h@Handle{..} = withNonEmptyHandle h $ do
+    mgr <- getTimerManager
+    key <- I.readIORef handleKeyRef
+#if defined(mingw32_HOST_OS)
+    EV.updateTimeout mgr key $ fromIntegral (handleTimeout `div` 1000000)
+#else
+    EV.updateTimeout mgr key handleTimeout
+#endif
+
+-- | This is identical to 'cancel'.
+--   To resume timeout with the same 'Handle', 'resume' MUST be called.
+--   Don't call 'tickle' for resumption.
+pause :: Handle -> IO ()
+pause = cancel
+
+-- | Resuming the timeout.
+--
+-- Works like 'tickle' if the 'Handle' wasn't 'pause'd or 'cancel'ed.
+resume :: Handle -> IO ()
+resume h@Handle{..} = withNonEmptyHandle h $ do
+    state <- I.readIORef handleState
+    case state of
+        Active -> tickle h
+        Stopped -> do
+            mgr <- getTimerManager
+            key <- EV.registerTimeout mgr handleTimeout handleAction
+            I.atomicWriteIORef handleKeyRef key
+            I.atomicWriteIORef handleState Active
+
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
 -- | The asynchronous exception thrown if a thread is registered via
 -- 'registerKillThread'.
 data TimeoutThread = TimeoutThread
-    deriving (Typeable)
 
 instance E.Exception TimeoutThread where
     toException = E.asyncExceptionToException
     fromException = E.asyncExceptionFromException
+
 instance Show TimeoutThread where
     show TimeoutThread = "Thread killed by timeout manager"
 
@@ -202,70 +199,31 @@
 --   want to leak the asynchronous exception to GHC RTS.
 registerKillThread :: Manager -> TimeoutAction -> IO Handle
 registerKillThread m onTimeout = do
-    tid <- myThreadId
-    wtid <- mkWeakThreadId tid
+    wtid <- myThreadId >>= mkWeakThreadId
     -- First run the timeout action in case the child thread is masked.
     register m $
         onTimeout `E.finally` do
             mtid <- deRefWeak wtid
             case mtid of
-                Nothing -> return ()
-                Just tid' -> E.throwTo tid' TimeoutThread
-
-----------------------------------------------------------------
-
--- | Setting the state to active.
---   'Manager' turns active to inactive repeatedly.
-tickle :: Handle -> IO ()
-tickle Handle{..} = I.writeIORef handleStateRef Active
-
--- | Setting the state to paused.
---   'Manager' does not change the value.
-pause :: Handle -> IO ()
-pause Handle{..} = I.writeIORef handleStateRef Paused
-
--- | Setting the paused state to active.
---   This is an alias to 'tickle'.
-resume :: Handle -> IO ()
-resume = tickle
+                Nothing -> pure ()
+                Just tid' -> void . forkIO $ E.throwTo tid' TimeoutThread
 
 ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
 -- | Call the inner function with a timeout manager.
---   'stopManager' is used after that.
 withManager
     :: Int
     -- ^ timeout in microseconds
     -> (Manager -> IO a)
     -> IO a
-withManager timeout f =
-    E.bracket
-        (initialize timeout)
-        stopManager
-        f
+withManager timeout f = initialize timeout >>= f
 
 -- | Call the inner function with a timeout manager.
---   'killManager' is used after that.
+--   This is identical to 'withManager'.
 withManager'
     :: Int
     -- ^ timeout in microseconds
     -> (Manager -> IO a)
     -> IO a
-withManager' timeout f =
-    E.bracket
-        (initialize timeout)
-        killManager
-        f
-
-----------------------------------------------------------------
-
-isAsyncException :: E.Exception e => e -> Bool
-isAsyncException e =
-    case E.fromException (E.toException e) of
-        Just (E.SomeAsyncException _) -> True
-        Nothing -> False
-
-ignoreSync :: E.SomeException -> IO ()
-ignoreSync se
-    | isAsyncException se = E.throwIO se
-    | otherwise = return ()
+withManager' = withManager
+{-# DEPRECATED withManager' "This function is the same as 'withManager' since version 0.3.0" #-}
diff --git a/System/TimeManager/Internal.hs b/System/TimeManager/Internal.hs
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/System/TimeManager/Internal.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+{-# LANGUAGE BangPatterns #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE CPP #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE RecordWildCards #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE StrictData #-}
+
+module System.TimeManager.Internal where
+
+import Data.IORef (IORef)
+
+#if defined(mingw32_HOST_OS)
+import qualified GHC.Event.Windows as EV
+#else
+import qualified GHC.Event as EV
+#endif
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-- | A timeout manager
+newtype Manager = Manager Int
+
+isNoManager :: Manager -> Bool
+isNoManager (Manager 0) = True
+isNoManager _ = False
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-- | An action (callback) to be performed on timeout.
+type TimeoutAction = IO ()
+
+-- | A handle used by a timeout manager.
+data Handle = Handle
+    { handleTimeout :: Int
+    , handleAction :: TimeoutAction
+    , handleKeyRef :: ~(IORef EV.TimeoutKey)
+    , handleState :: ~(IORef HandleState)
+    }
+
+-- | Tracking the state of a handle, to be able to have 'resume'
+-- act like a 'register' or 'tickle'.
+data HandleState = Active | Stopped
+
+isEmptyHandle :: Handle -> Bool
+isEmptyHandle Handle{..} = handleTimeout == 0
+
+withNonEmptyHandle :: Handle -> IO () -> IO ()
+withNonEmptyHandle h act =
+    if isEmptyHandle h then pure () else act
+
+#if defined(mingw32_HOST_OS)
+getTimerManager :: IO EV.Manager
+getTimerManager = EV.getSystemManager
+#else
+getTimerManager :: IO EV.TimerManager
+getTimerManager = EV.getSystemTimerManager
+#endif
diff --git a/test/Spec.hs b/test/Spec.hs
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/Spec.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+{-# LANGUAGE CPP #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE NumericUnderscores #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE RecordWildCards #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE StandaloneDeriving #-}
+{-# OPTIONS_GHC -Wno-orphans #-}
+
+module Main where
+
+import Control.Concurrent (threadDelay)
+import Control.Monad (forM_, void)
+import Data.IORef as I (IORef, newIORef, readIORef, writeIORef)
+import System.TimeManager
+import System.TimeManager.Internal
+import Test.HUnit (assertBool)
+import Test.Hspec
+
+#if defined(mingw32_HOST_OS)
+import qualified GHC.Event.Windows as EV
+#else
+import qualified GHC.Event as EV
+#endif
+
+main :: IO ()
+main = hspec $ do
+    describe "TimeManager" $ do
+        it "defaultManager == no manager" $
+            defaultManager `shouldSatisfy` isNoManager
+
+        it "initializes negative manager" $ do
+            let check = (`shouldBe` defaultManager)
+            initialize (-10) >>= check
+            withManager (-5) check
+
+        it "empty handle is correct" $
+            handleTimeout emptyHandle `shouldBe` 0
+
+        it "empty handle check is consistent" $ do
+            assertBool "emptyHandle not empty" $
+                isEmptyHandle emptyHandle
+
+        it "gives emptyHandle when registering defaultManager" $ do
+            hndl <- register defaultManager $ pure ()
+            assertBool "got non-empty handle" $ isEmptyHandle hndl
+
+        it "throws TimeoutThread exception" $
+            throwsTimeoutThread $ do
+                mngr <- initialize 1
+                _hndl <- registerKillThread mngr $ pure ()
+                threadDelay 100
+
+        it "defaultManager doesn't kill thread" $ do
+            _hndl <- registerKillThread defaultManager $ pure ()
+            threadDelay 2000
+
+        it "withHandle: registers timeout" $
+            withHandleTest mgr1 $ \check _ -> do
+                threadDelay 2000
+                check True
+
+        it "withHandle: doesn't register timeout" $
+            withHandleTest defaultManager $ \check _ -> do
+                threadDelay 2000
+                check False
+
+        -- We make a ref on the outside, to check that the ref is indeed
+        -- set before the timeout kills the action inside.
+        it "withHandleKillThread: registers timeout (and kills)" $ do
+            ref <- freshRef
+            withHandleKillTest (Just ref) mgr1 $ \_ _ ->
+                throwsTimeoutThread $ threadDelay 100
+            ref `refShouldBe` True
+
+        it "withHandleKillThread: doesn't register timeout" $
+            withHandleKillTest Nothing defaultManager $ \check _ -> do
+                threadDelay 200
+                check False
+
+        it "cancel/pause works as expected" $ do
+            m <- initialize 100
+            let runIt f = do
+                    hndl <- registerKillThread m (pure ())
+                    _ <- f hndl
+                    threadDelay 1000
+            throwsTimeoutThread $ runIt pure
+            runIt cancel
+            runIt pause
+
+        it "tickle works as expected" $ do
+            m <- initialize 10_000
+            withHandleTest m $ \check hndl -> do
+                forM_ [(1 :: Int) .. 20] $ \_ -> do
+                    threadDelay 1000
+                    tickle hndl
+                check False
+
+        let runIt f = do
+                m <- initialize 10_000
+                void $ f =<< registerKillThread m (pure ())
+        it "resume works as expected" $ do
+            let runAndWaitForTimeout f =
+                    runIt $ \hndl -> do
+                        void $ f hndl
+                        threadDelay 20_000
+            -- Doing nothing kills the thread
+            throwsTimeoutThread . runAndWaitForTimeout $ \_ -> pure ()
+            -- Pausing stops the kill
+            runAndWaitForTimeout $ \hndl -> do
+                threadDelay 2500
+                pause hndl
+            -- Resuming kills the thread again
+            throwsTimeoutThread . runAndWaitForTimeout $ \hndl -> do
+                threadDelay 2500
+                pause hndl
+                threadDelay 20_000
+                resume hndl
+
+        -- "resuming" every 2.5ms 20 times
+        let testResume f = do
+                runIt $ \hndl -> do
+                    forM_ [(1 :: Int) .. 20] $ \_ -> do
+                        threadDelay 2500
+                        f hndl
+        it "resume also works as tickle" $
+            testResume resume
+
+        it "resume also works as tickle with pauses" $
+            testResume $ \hndl -> do
+                resume hndl
+                pause hndl
+                resume hndl
+
+        it "old resume did NOT work as tickle" $
+            throwsTimeoutThread $
+                testResume oldResume
+  where
+    withHandleTest = withTest withHandle Nothing
+    withHandleKillTest = withTest withHandleKillThread
+    -- Test that starts with a 'False' IORef and on timeout sets it to true
+    withTest withF mRef m f = do
+        ref <- maybe freshRef pure mRef
+        withF m (writeIORef ref True) . f $ refShouldBe ref
+
+mgr1 :: Manager
+mgr1 = Manager 1
+
+freshRef :: IO (IORef Bool)
+freshRef = newIORef False
+
+refShouldBe :: IORef Bool -> Bool -> IO ()
+refShouldBe ref expected =
+    readIORef ref >>= (`shouldBe` expected)
+
+throwsTimeoutThread :: IO () -> Expectation
+throwsTimeoutThread t = t `shouldThrow` (const True :: TimeoutThread -> Bool)
+
+deriving instance Eq Manager
+deriving instance Show Manager
+
+-- copied from time-manager-0.3.0 to check it actually is broken
+oldResume :: Handle -> IO ()
+oldResume h | isEmptyHandle h = return ()
+oldResume Handle{..} = do
+    mgr <- getTimerManager
+    key <- EV.registerTimeout mgr handleTimeout handleAction
+    I.writeIORef handleKeyRef key
diff --git a/time-manager.cabal b/time-manager.cabal
--- a/time-manager.cabal
+++ b/time-manager.cabal
@@ -1,26 +1,48 @@
-Name:                time-manager
-Version:             0.2.4
-Synopsis:            Scalable timer
-License:             MIT
-License-file:        LICENSE
-Author:              Michael Snoyman and Kazu Yamamoto
-Maintainer:          kazu@iij.ad.jp
-Homepage:            http://github.com/yesodweb/wai
-Category:            System
-Build-Type:          Simple
-Cabal-Version:       >=1.10
-Stability:           Stable
-Description:         Scalable timer functions provided by a timer manager
-                     and thread management functions to prevent thread
-                     leak by a thread manager.
-Extra-Source-Files:  ChangeLog.md
+cabal-version:      >=1.10
+name:               time-manager
+version:            0.3.2
+license:            MIT
+license-file:       LICENSE
+maintainer:         kazu@iij.ad.jp
+author:             Michael Snoyman and Kazu Yamamoto
+stability:          Stable
+homepage:           http://github.com/yesodweb/wai
+synopsis:           Scalable timer
+description:
+    Scalable timer functions provided by a timer manager
+    and thread management functions to prevent thread
+    leak by a thread manager.
 
-Library
-  Build-Depends:     base                      >= 4.12       && < 5
-                   , auto-update               >= 0.2        && < 0.3
-                   , containers
-                   , stm
-  Default-Language:  Haskell2010
-  Exposed-modules:   System.TimeManager
-  Exposed-modules:   System.ThreadManager
-  Ghc-Options:       -Wall
+category:           System
+build-type:         Simple
+extra-source-files: ChangeLog.md
+                    README.md
+
+library
+    exposed-modules:
+        System.TimeManager
+        System.ThreadManager
+    other-modules:
+        System.TimeManager.Internal
+
+    default-language:   Haskell2010
+    default-extensions: Strict StrictData
+    ghc-options:        -Wall
+    build-depends:
+        base >=4.12 && <5,
+        containers,
+        stm
+
+test-suite spec
+    type:             exitcode-stdio-1.0
+    main-is:          test/Spec.hs
+    other-modules:
+        System.TimeManager,
+        System.TimeManager.Internal
+    build-depends:    base
+    default-language: Haskell2010
+    ghc-options:      -Wall -threaded
+    build-depends:
+        base >=4.12 && <5,
+        hspec,
+        HUnit
