diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE
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+++ b/LICENSE
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+                    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+                       Version 3, 29 June 2007
+
+ Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>
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+WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
+THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
+GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
+USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
+DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
+PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
+EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+  17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
+
+  If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
+above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
+reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
+an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
+Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
+copy of the Program in return for a fee.
+
+                     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+            How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
+
+  If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
+possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
+free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
+
+  To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
+to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
+state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
+the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
+
+    <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
+    Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
+
+    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
+
+  If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
+notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
+
+    <program>  Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
+    This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
+    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
+    under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
+
+The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
+parts of the General Public License.  Of course, your program's commands
+might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
+
+  You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
+if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
+For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
+<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+  The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
+into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you
+may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
+the library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
+Public License instead of this License.  But first, please read
+<http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.
diff --git a/Setup.lhs b/Setup.lhs
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Setup.lhs
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#! /usr/bin/env runhaskell
+> import Distribution.Simple
+> main = defaultMain
diff --git a/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Dimensional/Server.hs b/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Dimensional/Server.hs
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Dimensional/Server.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+module Main where
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.ALSA.Dimensional.Server.Run  as Run
+import qualified Synthesizer.ALSA.Dimensional.Server.Test as Test
+
+main :: IO ()
+main =
+   case fromInteger 106 :: Int of
+      001 -> Test.sequence1
+      100 -> Run.volume
+      101 -> Run.pitchBend
+      102 -> Run.volumePitchBend1
+      103 -> Run.keyboard
+      104 -> Run.keyboardMulti
+      105 -> Run.keyboardFM
+      106 -> Run.keyboardDetuneFM
+      107 -> Run.keyboardFilter
+      _ -> error "not implemented"
diff --git a/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Dimensional/Server/Common.hs b/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Dimensional/Server/Common.hs
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Dimensional/Server/Common.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+{-# LANGUAGE RebindableSyntax #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE RankNTypes #-}
+module Synthesizer.ALSA.Dimensional.Server.Common where
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.ALSA.Dimensional.Play as Play
+
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.PCM as ALSA
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.Sequencer.Event as Event
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.ALSA.EventList as MIDIEv
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Play as PlaySt
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Rate.Filter as FiltR
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Process as Proc
+
+import Synthesizer.Dimensional.Process (($:), )
+
+import qualified Data.StorableVector.Lazy         as SVL
+
+import qualified Sound.MIDI.Message.Channel       as ChannelMsg
+
+import qualified Data.EventList.Relative.TimeBody  as EventList
+
+-- import qualified Numeric.NonNegative.Class   as NonNeg
+-- import qualified Numeric.NonNegative.Wrapper as NonNegW
+-- import qualified Numeric.NonNegative.ChunkyPrivate as NonNegChunky
+
+import qualified Algebra.Module         as Module
+import qualified Algebra.RealField      as RealField
+import qualified Algebra.Field          as Field
+import qualified Algebra.Ring           as Ring
+
+import qualified Algebra.DimensionTerm as Dim
+import qualified Number.DimensionTerm  as DN
+
+import NumericPrelude.Numeric
+import NumericPrelude.Base hiding (break, )
+
+
+
+channel :: ChannelMsg.Channel
+channel = ChannelMsg.toChannel 0
+
+
+sampleRate :: Ring.C a => DN.Frequency a
+-- sampleRate = DN.frequency 48000
+sampleRate = DN.frequency 44100
+
+latency :: Field.C a => DN.Time a
+latency = DN.time 0
+-- latency = DN.time 0.01
+
+{-
+chunkSize :: SVL.ChunkSize
+chunkSize = Play.defaultChunkSize
+-}
+
+periodTime :: Field.C a => DN.Time a
+periodTime =
+   let (SVL.ChunkSize size) = PlaySt.defaultChunkSize
+   in  DN.scale (fromIntegral size) $ DN.unrecip sampleRate
+
+device :: Play.Device
+device = PlaySt.defaultDevice
+
+clientName :: MIDIEv.ClientName
+clientName = MIDIEv.ClientName "Haskell-Synthesizer"
+
+
+type Real = Double
+
+
+{-# INLINE withMIDIEvents #-}
+withMIDIEvents ::
+   Field.C t =>
+   (DN.Time t -> DN.Frequency t ->
+    (forall s. Proc.T s Dim.Time t
+        (Play.StorableSignal s Dim.Voltage y yv)) ->
+    IO b) ->
+   (EventList.T MIDIEv.StrictTime [Event.T] ->
+    forall s. Proc.T s Dim.Time t
+       (Play.StorableSignal s Dim.Voltage y yv)) ->
+   IO b
+withMIDIEvents action proc =
+   MIDIEv.withMIDIEvents clientName
+      (DN.toNumberWithDimension Dim.time periodTime :: Double)
+      (DN.toNumberWithDimension Dim.frequency sampleRate :: Double) $
+   \ sig -> action periodTime sampleRate (proc sig)
+
+{-# INLINE play #-}
+play ::
+   (Module.C y yv, ALSA.SampleFmt yv, RealField.C t) =>
+   DN.Time t ->
+   DN.Frequency t ->
+   (forall s. Proc.T s Dim.Time t
+      (Play.StorableSignal s Dim.Voltage y yv)) ->
+   IO ()
+play period rate sig =
+   Play.renderTimeVoltageStorable device period rate
+   (FiltR.delay latency $: sig)
diff --git a/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Dimensional/Server/Run.hs b/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Dimensional/Server/Run.hs
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Dimensional/Server/Run.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+{-# LANGUAGE RebindableSyntax #-}
+module Synthesizer.ALSA.Dimensional.Server.Run where
+
+import Synthesizer.ALSA.Dimensional.Server.Common
+import qualified Synthesizer.MIDI.Dimensional.Example.Instrument as Instr
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.MIDI.Dimensional as MIDI
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Play as PlaySt
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Causal.Process    as Causal
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Causal.Oscillator as Osci
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Causal.Filter     as Filt
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Causal.FilterParameter   as FiltP
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Causal.ControlledProcess as CProc
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Rate.Oscillator as OsciR
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Amplitude.Control as CtrlA
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Amplitude.Displacement as DispA
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Amplitude.Filter as FiltA
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Signal.Private as SigA
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Wave as WaveD
+
+import Synthesizer.Dimensional.Causal.Process ((<<<), )
+import Synthesizer.Dimensional.Wave ((&*~), )
+import Synthesizer.Dimensional.Process (($:), (.:), )
+import Control.Applicative (liftA2, liftA3, (<$>), )
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Basic.Wave          as Wave
+
+import qualified Sound.MIDI.Message.Channel.Voice as VoiceMsg
+
+import qualified Number.DimensionTerm  as DN
+
+import NumericPrelude.Numeric
+import NumericPrelude.Base hiding (break, )
+
+
+
+channelVolume :: VoiceMsg.Controller
+channelVolume = VoiceMsg.modulation
+
+
+volume :: IO ()
+volume =
+   putStrLn "run 'aconnect' to connect to the MIDI controller" >>
+   (withMIDIEvents play $
+   \evs ->
+      liftA3
+          (\env osci vol ->
+              Causal.apply
+                 (Causal.applySnd env osci) $
+              MIDI.piecewiseConstant $ vol)
+          Filt.envelopeScalarDimension
+          (OsciR.static (DN.voltage 1 &*~ Wave.sine) zero (DN.frequency (880::Real)))
+          (MIDI.runFilter evs (MIDI.controllerLinear channel channelVolume
+              (DN.scalar 0, DN.scalar 1) (DN.scalar (1::Real)))))
+
+pitchBend :: IO ()
+pitchBend =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+   \evs ->
+      liftA2 Causal.apply
+          (Osci.freqMod (DN.voltage (1::Real) &*~ Wave.sine) zero)
+          (MIDI.piecewiseConstant <$>
+           MIDI.runFilter evs
+              (MIDI.pitchBend channel 2 (DN.frequency (880::Real))))
+
+-- preserve chunk structure of channel volume
+volumePitchBend0 :: IO ()
+volumePitchBend0 =
+   putStrLn "run 'aconnect' to connect to the MIDI controller" >>
+   (withMIDIEvents play $
+   \evs ->
+      liftA3
+          (\osci env (freq,vol) ->
+              Causal.apply
+                 (Causal.applySnd env (osci $ SigA.restore freq)) $
+                 MIDI.piecewiseConstant vol)
+          (OsciR.freqMod (DN.voltage 1 &*~ Wave.sine) zero)
+          Filt.envelopeScalarDimension
+          (MIDI.runFilter evs $ liftA2 (,)
+             (MIDI.pitchBend channel 2 (DN.frequency (880::Real)))
+             (MIDI.controllerLinear channel channelVolume
+                (DN.scalar 0, DN.scalar 1) (DN.scalar (1::Real)))))
+
+-- preserve chunk structure of pitch bender
+volumePitchBend1 :: IO ()
+volumePitchBend1 =
+   putStrLn "run 'aconnect' to connect to the MIDI controller" >>
+   (withMIDIEvents play $
+   \evs ->
+      liftA3
+          (\osci env (freq,vol) ->
+              Causal.apply
+                 (Causal.applyFst env (SigA.restore vol) <<< osci) $
+                 MIDI.piecewiseConstant freq)
+          (Osci.freqMod (DN.voltage 1 &*~ Wave.sine) zero)
+          Filt.envelopeScalarDimension
+          (MIDI.runFilter evs $ liftA2 (,)
+             (MIDI.pitchBend channel 2 (DN.frequency (880::Real)))
+             (MIDI.controllerLinear channel channelVolume
+                (DN.scalar 0, DN.scalar 1) (DN.scalar (1::Real)))))
+
+
+keyboard :: IO ()
+keyboard =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+   \evs ->
+      MIDI.runFilter evs
+         (MIDI.sequence PlaySt.defaultChunkSize (DN.voltage 1) channel Instr.ping)
+
+
+keyboardMulti :: IO ()
+keyboardMulti =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+   \evs ->
+      MIDI.runFilter evs
+         (MIDI.sequenceMultiProgram PlaySt.defaultChunkSize (DN.voltage 1) channel
+             (VoiceMsg.toProgram 0)
+             [Instr.ping, Instr.pingRelease])
+--             [Instr.string])
+
+
+keyboardFM :: IO ()
+keyboardFM =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+   \evs ->
+      FiltA.amplify 0.3 <$>
+         (MIDI.runFilter evs
+            (MIDI.sequenceModulated PlaySt.defaultChunkSize (DN.voltage 1) channel Instr.pingReleaseFM $:
+             MIDI.bendWheelPressure channel 2 (DN.frequency 10) 0.04 0.03))
+--             MIDI.pitchBend channel (2 ** recip 12) (DN.scalar one)))
+
+
+extraController :: VoiceMsg.Controller
+extraController =
+   VoiceMsg.vectorX
+--   VoiceMsg.toController 21
+
+extraController1 :: VoiceMsg.Controller
+extraController1 =
+   VoiceMsg.modulation
+--   VoiceMsg.vectorY
+--   VoiceMsg.toController 22
+
+
+keyboardDetuneFM :: IO ()
+keyboardDetuneFM =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+   \evs ->
+      FiltA.amplify 0.3 <$>
+         (MIDI.runFilter evs
+            (MIDI.sequenceMultiModulated PlaySt.defaultChunkSize (DN.voltage 1) channel Instr.pingStereoDetuneFM
+              ((MIDI.applyModulation <$>
+                  MIDI.bendWheelPressure channel 2 (DN.frequency 10) 0.04 0.03)
+               .:
+               (MIDI.applyModulation <$>
+                  MIDI.controllerLinear channel extraController (0, 0.005) 0))
+               ))
+
+
+keyboardFilter :: IO ()
+keyboardFilter =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+   \evs ->
+        liftA3
+           (\osci filt (music,speed,depth) ->
+              (FiltP.lowpassFromUniversal <<<
+               filt (CtrlA.constant 10)
+                 (DispA.mapExponential 4 (DN.frequency 1000) $
+                  FiltA.envelope (SigA.restore depth) $
+                  osci (SigA.restore speed)))
+              `Causal.apply`
+              FiltA.amplify 0.2 music)
+           (OsciR.freqMod (WaveD.flat Wave.sine) zero)
+           (CProc.runSynchronous2 FiltP.universal)
+--           FiltR.universal
+           (MIDI.runFilter evs
+              (liftA3 (,,)
+                 (MIDI.sequence PlaySt.defaultChunkSize (DN.voltage 1) channel Instr.string)
+                 (MIDI.controllerExponential channel extraController
+                     (DN.frequency 0.1, DN.frequency 5) (DN.frequency 0.2))
+                 (MIDI.controllerLinear channel extraController1
+                     (0, 1 :: DN.Scalar Real) 0.5)
+            ))
diff --git a/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Dimensional/Server/Test.hs b/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Dimensional/Server/Test.hs
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Dimensional/Server/Test.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+{-# LANGUAGE RebindableSyntax #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE Rank2Types #-}
+module Synthesizer.ALSA.Dimensional.Server.Test where
+
+import Synthesizer.ALSA.Dimensional.Server.Common
+import Synthesizer.MIDI.Dimensional.Example.Instrument (ping, )
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Play as PlaySt
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.MIDI.Dimensional as MIDI
+import qualified Synthesizer.MIDI.EventList as MIDIEv
+import qualified Synthesizer.MIDI.Generic as MidiG
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Signal.Private as SigA
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Process as Proc
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Storable.Signal      as SigSt
+import qualified Data.StorableVector.Lazy         as SVL
+
+import qualified Data.EventList.Relative.TimeBody  as EventList
+
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.Sequencer.Event as Event
+
+import qualified Algebra.DimensionTerm as Dim
+import qualified Number.DimensionTerm  as DN
+
+import NumericPrelude.Numeric
+import NumericPrelude.Base hiding (break, )
+
+
+
+sequence1 :: IO ()
+sequence1 =
+--   print =<<
+--   File.renderTimeVoltageMonoDoubleToInt16 sampleRate "test.wav"
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32"
+      (SigA.scalarSamples (DN.toNumberWithDimension Dim.voltage)
+      (SigA.render sampleRate
+         (let evs t = EventList.cons t ([]::[Event.T]) (evs (20-t))
+              {-
+              evs0 =
+                 EventList.cons 10 [makeNote AlsaMidi.NoteOn 60] $
+                 EventList.cons 10 [makeNote AlsaMidi.NoteOn 64] $
+                 evs 10
+              -}
+          in  MIDI.runFilter (evs 10)
+                 (MIDI.sequence PlaySt.defaultChunkSize
+                    (DN.voltage 1) channel ping))))
+
+sequence2 ::
+   EventList.T MIDIEv.StrictTime [SigSt.T Real]
+sequence2 =
+   fmap (map SigA.body) $
+   flip Proc.process sampleRate
+      (let evs t = EventList.cons t ([]::[Event.T]) (evs (20-t))
+       in  MIDI.runFilter (evs 10)
+              (MIDI.prepareTones channel MidiG.errorNoProgram
+                 (const ping)))
diff --git a/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Storable/Server.hs b/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Storable/Server.hs
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Storable/Server.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+module Main where
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Server.Run as Run
+import qualified Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Server.Test as Test
+import Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Server.Common
+          (Real, play, sampleRate, chunkSize, periodTime, )
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Basic.Wave          as Wave
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Play as Play
+import qualified Synthesizer.Storable.Oscillator  as OsciSt
+import qualified Synthesizer.Storable.Signal      as SigSt
+import qualified Data.StorableVector.Lazy as SVL
+
+import NumericPrelude.Numeric (zero, )
+import Prelude hiding (Real, break, id, (.), )
+
+
+{-
+This program has still a very slowly growing memory leak.
+-}
+main :: IO ()
+main =
+   case fromInteger 300 :: Int of
+      001 -> print Test.keyboard3
+      002 -> play (periodTime::Real) sampleRate Test.keyboard3
+      003 -> Test.speed
+      004 -> Test.frequency1
+      005 -> Test.frequency2
+      006 -> Test.frequency3
+{-
+      007 -> Test.frequency4
+-}
+      008 -> Test.keyboard1
+      009 -> SigSt.writeFile "test.f32" Test.keyboard2
+      010 -> SigSt.writeFile "test.f32" Test.keyboard3
+      011 -> SigSt.writeFile "test.f32" Test.keyboard4
+      012 -> SigSt.writeFile "test.f32" Test.keyboard5
+{-
+      013 -> Test.keyboard6
+      014 -> Test.keyboard7
+-}
+      015 -> Test.arrangeSpaceLeak0
+      016 -> Test.arrangeSpaceLeak1
+      018 -> Test.arrangeSpaceLeak3
+      019 -> Test.arrangeSpaceLeak4
+      020 -> Test.chordSpaceLeak1
+--      021 -> Test.chordSpaceLeak2
+--      022 -> Test.chordSpaceLeak3
+--      023 -> Test.chordSpaceLeak4
+      023 -> Test.sequencePitchBend
+      024 -> Test.sequencePitchBend1
+      025 -> Test.sequencePitchBend2
+      026 -> Test.sequencePitchBend3
+      027 -> Test.sequencePitchBend4
+      028 -> Test.sequencePitchBend4a
+      029 -> Test.sequencePitchBend4b
+      030 -> Test.sequencePitchBend4c
+      031 -> Test.sequencePitchBend4d
+      032 -> Test.sequencePitchBend4e
+      033 -> Test.sequencePitchBend5
+      040 -> Test.sequenceStaccato
+      050 -> Test.speed
+      051 -> Test.speedChunky
+      052 -> Test.speedArrange
+      053 -> Play.auto
+{-
+                (ALSA.alsaSoundSinkTime Play.defaultDevice
+                    (ALSA.SoundFmt {
+                       ALSA.sampleFreq = sampleRate
+                    }) $
+                 ALSA.SoundBufferTime
+                    (round (5000000*periodTime::Real))
+                    (round (1000000*periodTime::Real))
+                ) $
+-}
+{-
+                (ALSA.fileSoundSink "test.f32"
+                   (ALSA.SoundFmt {
+                      ALSA.sampleFreq = sampleRate
+                   })) $
+-}
+                (Play.makeSink Play.defaultDevice (periodTime::Real) sampleRate) $
+             SVL.cycle $
+             SigSt.take 100000 $
+                OsciSt.static chunkSize (fmap (0.9*) Wave.sine) zero (1/100::Real)
+      054 -> Play.auto
+                (Play.makeSink Play.defaultDevice (periodTime::Real) sampleRate) $
+                OsciSt.static chunkSize (fmap (0.9*) Wave.sine)
+                   zero (600/sampleRate::Real)
+      055 -> play (periodTime::Real) sampleRate $
+                OsciSt.static chunkSize (fmap (0.9*) Wave.sine)
+                   zero (600/sampleRate::Real)
+      100 -> Run.volume
+      101 -> Run.frequency
+      102 -> Run.frequencyCausal
+      103 -> Run.pitchBend
+      104 -> Run.volumeFrequency
+      105 -> Run.volumeFrequencyCausal
+      200 -> Run.keyboard
+      201 -> Run.keyboardMulti
+      202 -> Run.keyboardStereo
+      203 -> Run.keyboardPitchbend
+      204 -> Run.keyboardFM
+      205 -> Run.keyboardDetuneFM
+      206 -> Run.keyboardFilter
+      207 -> Run.keyboardSample
+      208 -> Run.keyboardVariousStereo
+      209 -> Run.keyboardSampleTFM
+      210 -> Run.keyboardNoisyTone
+      211 -> Run.keyboardFilteredNoisyTone
+      300 -> Run.keyboardCausal
+      _   -> error "not implemented server part"
diff --git a/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Storable/Server/Common.hs b/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Storable/Server/Common.hs
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Storable/Server/Common.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+module Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Server.Common where
+
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.PCM as ALSA
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.Sequencer.Event as Event
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Play as Play
+import qualified Synthesizer.ALSA.EventList as MIDIEv
+import Synthesizer.ALSA.EventList (StrictTime, )
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Generic.Signal       as SigG
+import qualified Synthesizer.Storable.Signal      as SigSt
+import qualified Data.StorableVector.Lazy         as SVL
+
+import qualified Sound.MIDI.Message.Channel       as ChannelMsg
+import Sound.MIDI.Message.Channel (Channel, )
+
+import qualified Data.EventList.Relative.TimeBody  as EventList
+
+import qualified Sound.Sox.Frame         as SoxFrame
+import qualified System.Exit as Exit
+
+import Control.Category ((.), )
+
+import qualified Algebra.RealField as RealField
+import qualified Algebra.Field     as Field
+import qualified Algebra.Ring      as Ring
+import qualified Algebra.ToInteger as ToInteger
+import qualified Algebra.Additive  as Additive
+
+import NumericPrelude.Numeric (zero, round, )
+import Prelude hiding (Real, round, break, id, (.), )
+
+
+channel :: Channel
+channel = ChannelMsg.toChannel 0
+
+sampleRate :: Num a => a
+-- sampleRate = 24000
+-- sampleRate = 48000
+sampleRate = 44100
+
+latency :: Int
+latency = 0
+-- latency = 256
+-- latency = 1000
+
+chunkSize :: SVL.ChunkSize
+chunkSize = Play.defaultChunkSize
+
+lazySize :: SigG.LazySize
+lazySize =
+   let (SVL.ChunkSize size) = chunkSize
+   in  SigG.LazySize size
+
+periodTime :: Field.C t => t
+periodTime =
+   let (SVL.ChunkSize size) = chunkSize
+   in  ToInteger.fromIntegral size Field./ Ring.fromInteger sampleRate
+
+device :: Play.Device
+device = Play.defaultDevice
+
+clientName :: MIDIEv.ClientName
+clientName = MIDIEv.ClientName "Haskell-Synthesizer"
+
+
+type Real = Float
+
+
+{-# INLINE withMIDIEvents #-}
+withMIDIEvents ::
+   (Double -> Double -> a -> IO b) ->
+   (EventList.T StrictTime [Event.T] -> a) -> IO b
+withMIDIEvents action proc =
+   let rate = sampleRate
+       per  = periodTime
+   in  MIDIEv.withMIDIEvents clientName per rate $
+       action per rate . proc
+
+
+{-# INLINE play #-}
+play ::
+   (RealField.C t, Additive.C y, ALSA.SampleFmt y) =>
+   t -> t -> SigSt.T y -> IO ()
+play period rate =
+   Play.auto (Play.makeSink device period (round rate)) .
+   SigSt.append (SigSt.replicate chunkSize latency zero)
+--   FiltG.delayPosLazySize chunkSize latency
+--   FiltG.delayPos latency
+
+-- ToDo: do not record the empty chunk that is inserted for latency
+{-# INLINE playAndRecord #-}
+playAndRecord ::
+   (RealField.C t, Additive.C y, ALSA.SampleFmt y, SoxFrame.C y) =>
+   FilePath -> t -> t -> SigSt.T y -> IO Exit.ExitCode
+playAndRecord fileName period rate =
+   let intRate = round rate
+   in  Play.autoAndRecord fileName
+          (ALSA.SoundFmt {ALSA.sampleFreq = intRate})
+          (Play.makeSink device period intRate) .
+       SigSt.append (SigSt.replicate chunkSize latency zero)
diff --git a/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Storable/Server/Run.hs b/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Storable/Server/Run.hs
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Storable/Server/Run.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+module Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Server.Run where
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.MIDI.Example.Instrument as Instr
+import Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Server.Common
+          (Real, withMIDIEvents, play, device, clientName,
+           sampleRate, lazySize, chunkSize, periodTime, channel, )
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.MIDI.CausalIO.Process as MIO
+import qualified Synthesizer.MIDI.Storable as MidiSt
+import Synthesizer.MIDI.Storable (applyModulation, )
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.ALSA.CausalIO.Process as PAlsa
+import qualified Synthesizer.CausalIO.Process as PIO
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Causal.Oscillator as OsciC
+import qualified Synthesizer.Causal.Process as Causal
+import qualified Synthesizer.Causal.Filter.NonRecursive as FiltNRC
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Basic.Wave          as Wave
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Interpolation.Module as Ip
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Storable.Oscillator  as OsciSt
+import qualified Synthesizer.Storable.Signal      as SigSt
+import qualified Data.StorableVector.Lazy         as SVL
+import qualified Data.StorableVector              as SV
+import Foreign.Storable (Storable, )
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Generic.Loop      as LoopG
+import qualified Synthesizer.Generic.Signal    as SigG
+import qualified Synthesizer.State.Signal      as SigS
+import qualified Synthesizer.Plain.Filter.Recursive    as FiltR
+import qualified Synthesizer.Plain.Filter.Recursive.Universal as UniFilter
+
+import qualified Sound.MIDI.Message.Channel.Voice as VoiceMsg
+
+import Control.Monad.Trans.State (evalState, )
+import Control.Category ((.), )
+import Control.Arrow (arr, second, (&&&), )
+
+import Data.Tuple.HT (mapSnd, )
+
+import NumericPrelude.Numeric
+import NumericPrelude.Base hiding ((.), )
+import Prelude ()
+
+
+
+volume :: IO ()
+volume =
+   putStrLn "run 'aconnect' to connect to the MIDI controller" >>
+   (withMIDIEvents play $
+      SigSt.zipWith (*)
+         (OsciSt.static chunkSize Wave.sine zero (800/sampleRate)) .
+      evalState (MidiSt.controllerLinear channel VoiceMsg.mainVolume (0,1) (0.2::Real)))
+
+frequency :: IO ()
+frequency =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+      OsciSt.freqMod chunkSize Wave.sine zero .
+      evalState (MidiSt.controllerExponential channel VoiceMsg.modulation
+         (400/sampleRate, 1600/sampleRate) (800/sampleRate::Real))
+
+
+{-# INLINE storableChunk #-}
+storableChunk ::
+   (SigG.Read sig a, Storable a) =>
+   sig a -> SV.Vector a
+storableChunk chunk =
+   SigS.toStrictStorableSignal (SigG.length chunk) $
+   SigG.toState chunk
+
+frequencyCausal :: IO ()
+frequencyCausal =
+   PAlsa.playFromEvents device clientName 0.01 (periodTime::Double) sampleRate
+      ((PIO.fromCausal $
+        Causal.applyStorableChunk $
+        OsciC.freqMod (fmap (0.99*) Wave.sine) zero)
+       .
+       arr storableChunk
+       .
+       (MIO.controllerExponential channel VoiceMsg.modulation
+          (400/sampleRate, 1600/sampleRate) (800/sampleRate::Real)))
+
+
+pitchBend :: IO ()
+pitchBend =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+      OsciSt.freqMod chunkSize Wave.sine zero .
+      evalState (MidiSt.pitchBend channel 2 (880/sampleRate::Real))
+
+volumeFrequency :: IO ()
+volumeFrequency =
+   putStrLn "run 'aconnect' to connect to the MIDI controller" >>
+   (withMIDIEvents play $
+      evalState (do
+         vol  <- MidiSt.controllerLinear channel VoiceMsg.mainVolume (0,1) 0.5
+         freq <- MidiSt.pitchBend channel 2 (880/sampleRate::Real)
+         return $
+            SigSt.zipWith (*) vol
+               (OsciSt.freqMod chunkSize Wave.sine zero freq)))
+
+volumeFrequencyCausal :: IO ()
+volumeFrequencyCausal =
+   PAlsa.playFromEvents device clientName 0.01 (periodTime::Double) sampleRate
+      ((PIO.fromCausal $
+        Causal.applyStorableChunk $
+        FiltNRC.envelope
+        .
+        second (OsciC.freqMod Wave.sine zero))
+       .
+       arr (uncurry (SV.zipWith (,)))
+       .
+       (arr storableChunk
+        .
+        MIO.controllerLinear channel VoiceMsg.mainVolume (0,0.99) (0.5::Real)
+        &&&
+        arr storableChunk
+        .
+        MIO.pitchBend channel 2 (880/sampleRate::Real)))
+
+
+keyboard :: IO ()
+keyboard =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+--      playALSA (Bld.put :: Int16 -> Bld.Builder Int16) (sampleRate::Real) .
+      SigSt.map (0.2*) .
+      evalState (MidiSt.sequence chunkSize channel Instr.tine)
+
+keyboardMulti :: IO ()
+keyboardMulti =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+--      playALSA (Bld.put :: Int16 -> Bld.Builder Int16) (sampleRate::Real) .
+      SigSt.map (0.2*) .
+      evalState (MidiSt.sequenceMultiProgram chunkSize channel
+         (VoiceMsg.toProgram 2)
+         [Instr.pingDur, Instr.pingRelease, Instr.tine])
+
+keyboardStereo :: IO ()
+keyboardStereo =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+--      playALSA (Bld.put :: Int16 -> Bld.Builder Int16) (sampleRate::Real) .
+      SigSt.map ((0.2::Real)*>) .
+      evalState (MidiSt.sequenceMultiProgram chunkSize channel
+         (VoiceMsg.toProgram 1)
+         [Instr.pingStereoRelease, Instr.tineStereo,
+          Instr.softString, Instr.softStringCausal])
+
+keyboardPitchbend :: IO ()
+keyboardPitchbend =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+      SigSt.map ((0.2::Real)*>) .
+      evalState
+         (do bend <- MidiSt.pitchBend channel (2^?(2/12)) 1
+             MidiSt.sequenceModulated chunkSize bend channel Instr.stringStereoFM)
+
+keyboardFM :: IO ()
+keyboardFM =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+      SigSt.map ((0.2::Real)*>) .
+      evalState
+         (do fm <- MidiSt.bendWheelPressure channel
+                      2 (10/sampleRate) 0.04 0.03
+             MidiSt.sequenceModulated chunkSize fm channel Instr.stringStereoFM)
+
+keyboardDetuneFM :: IO ()
+keyboardDetuneFM =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+      SigSt.map ((0.2::Real)*>) .
+      evalState
+         (do fm <- MidiSt.bendWheelPressure channel
+                      2 (10/sampleRate) 0.04 0.03
+             detune <- MidiSt.controllerLinear channel
+                          VoiceMsg.vectorX (0,0.005) 0
+             MidiSt.sequenceMultiModulated
+                chunkSize channel Instr.stringStereoDetuneFM
+                (applyModulation fm .
+                 applyModulation detune))
+
+
+keyboardFilter :: IO ()
+keyboardFilter =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+      SigSt.map (0.2*) .
+      evalState
+         (do music <- MidiSt.sequence chunkSize channel Instr.pingRelease
+             freq  <- MidiSt.controllerLinear channel
+                         -- VoiceMsg.vectorY
+                         (VoiceMsg.toController 21)
+                         (100/sampleRate, 5000/sampleRate)
+                         (700/sampleRate)
+             return $
+                SigS.toStorableSignal chunkSize $
+                SigS.map UniFilter.lowpass $
+                SigS.modifyModulated
+                   UniFilter.modifier
+                   (SigS.map UniFilter.parameter $
+                    SigS.zipWith FiltR.Pole
+                       (SigS.repeat (5 :: Real))
+                       (SigS.fromStorableSignal freq)) $
+                SigS.fromStorableSignal music)
+
+
+makeLoop ::
+   LoopG.TimeControl Real -> Real -> Real ->
+   (Real, SigSt.T Real) -> (Real, SigSt.T Real)
+makeLoop = LoopG.timeReverse lazySize Ip.linear Ip.linear
+
+keyboardSample :: IO ()
+keyboardSample =
+   do piano <- Instr.readPianoSample
+      string <- Instr.readStringSample
+      let loopedString     = mapSnd (LoopG.simple 8750 500) string
+          fadedString      = mapSnd (LoopG.fade (undefined::Real) 8750 500) string
+          timeSineString   = makeLoop LoopG.timeControlSine 8750 500 string
+          timeZigZagString = makeLoop LoopG.timeControlZigZag 8750 500 string
+      withMIDIEvents play $
+         SigSt.map (0.2*) .
+         evalState (MidiSt.sequenceMultiProgram chunkSize channel
+               (VoiceMsg.toProgram 5) $
+            Instr.sampledSound piano :
+            Instr.sampledSound string :
+            Instr.sampledSound loopedString :
+            Instr.sampledSound fadedString :
+            Instr.sampledSound timeSineString :
+            Instr.sampledSound timeZigZagString :
+            Instr.sampledSoundTimeLoop Instr.loopTimeModSine string 8750 500 :
+            Instr.sampledSoundTimeLoop Instr.loopTimeModZigZag string 8750 500 :
+            [])
+
+
+keyboardVariousStereo :: IO ()
+keyboardVariousStereo =
+   do piano <- Instr.readPianoSample
+      string <- Instr.readStringSample
+      let loopedString = makeLoop LoopG.timeControlZigZag 8750 500 string
+      withMIDIEvents play $
+         SigSt.map ((0.2::Real)*>) .
+         evalState (MidiSt.sequenceMultiProgram chunkSize channel
+               (VoiceMsg.toProgram 0) $
+            Instr.pingStereoRelease :
+            Instr.tineStereo :
+            Instr.softString :
+            Instr.sampledSoundDetuneStereo 0.001 piano :
+            Instr.sampledSoundDetuneStereo 0.002 loopedString :
+            Instr.sampledSoundDetuneStereoRelease 0.1 0.001 piano :
+            Instr.sampledSoundDetuneStereoRelease 0.3 0.002 loopedString :
+            [])
+
+
+keyboardSampleTFM :: IO ()
+keyboardSampleTFM =
+   do instr <- Instr.readPianoSample
+      withMIDIEvents play $
+         evalState
+            (do fm <- MidiSt.bendWheelPressure channel
+                         2 (10/sampleRate) 0.04 0.03
+                speed <- MidiSt.controllerLinear channel
+                             (VoiceMsg.toController 22)
+                             (0,2) 1
+                offset <- MidiSt.controllerLinear channel
+                             (VoiceMsg.toController 21)
+                             (0, fromIntegral (SVL.length (snd instr))) 0
+                MidiSt.sequenceMultiModulated
+                   chunkSize channel (Instr.timeModulatedSample instr)
+                   (applyModulation fm .
+                    applyModulation speed .
+                    applyModulation offset))
+
+
+keyboardNoisePipe :: IO ()
+keyboardNoisePipe =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+      evalState
+         (do fm <- MidiSt.bendWheelPressure channel
+                      2 (10/sampleRate) 0.04 0.03
+             resonance <-
+                   MidiSt.controllerExponential channel
+                      (VoiceMsg.toController 23)
+                      (1, 100) 10
+             MidiSt.sequenceMultiModulated
+                chunkSize channel Instr.colourNoise
+                (applyModulation fm .
+                 applyModulation resonance))
+
+
+keyboardNoisyTone :: IO ()
+keyboardNoisyTone =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+      evalState
+         (do fm <- MidiSt.bendWheelPressure channel
+                      2 (10/sampleRate) 0.04 0.03
+             speed <- MidiSt.controllerLinear channel
+                          (VoiceMsg.toController 21)
+                          (0,0.5) 0.1
+             MidiSt.sequenceMultiModulated
+                chunkSize channel Instr.toneFromNoise
+                (applyModulation fm .
+                 applyModulation speed))
+
+
+keyboardFilteredNoisyTone :: IO ()
+keyboardFilteredNoisyTone =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+      evalState
+         (do fm <- MidiSt.bendWheelPressure channel
+                      2 (10/sampleRate) 0.04 0.03
+             {-
+             speed must never be zero,
+             since this requires to fetch unlimited data from future.
+             -}
+             speed <- MidiSt.controllerLinear channel
+                          (VoiceMsg.toController 21)
+                          (0.05,0.5) 0.1
+             cutoff <- MidiSt.controllerExponential channel
+                          (VoiceMsg.toController 22)
+                          (1, 30) 10
+             resonance <- MidiSt.controllerExponential channel
+                          (VoiceMsg.toController 23)
+                          (1, 20) 5
+             MidiSt.sequenceMultiModulated
+                chunkSize channel Instr.toneFromFilteredNoise
+                (applyModulation fm .
+                 applyModulation speed .
+                 applyModulation cutoff .
+                 applyModulation resonance))
+
+
+
+keyboardCausal :: IO ()
+keyboardCausal =
+   PAlsa.playFromEvents device clientName 0.01 (periodTime::Double) sampleRate $
+      arr (SV.map (0.2*))
+      .
+      MIO.sequenceStorable channel (\ _pgm -> Instr.pingReleaseCausal)
diff --git a/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Storable/Server/Test.hs b/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Storable/Server/Test.hs
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/Synthesizer/ALSA/Storable/Server/Test.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,582 @@
+module Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Server.Test where
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.MIDI.Example.Instrument as Instr
+import Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Server.Common
+          (Real, withMIDIEvents, play,
+           sampleRate, chunkSize, channel, )
+
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.Sequencer.Address as Addr
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.Sequencer.Event as Event
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.MIDI.PiecewiseConstant as PC
+import qualified Synthesizer.MIDI.Generic as Gen
+import qualified Synthesizer.MIDI.Storable as MidiSt
+import Synthesizer.MIDI.Storable (
+   Instrument, chunkSizesFromLazyTime, )
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.MIDI.EventList as MIDIEv
+import Synthesizer.MIDI.EventList (
+   LazyTime, StrictTime, Note(..), NoteBoundary(..),
+   matchNoteEvents, getSlice, getControllerEvents, )
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Basic.Wave          as Wave
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Causal.Process as Causal
+import Control.Arrow ((<<<), )
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Storable.Cut         as CutSt
+import qualified Synthesizer.Storable.Oscillator  as OsciSt
+import qualified Synthesizer.Storable.Signal      as SigSt
+-- import qualified Data.StorableVector.Lazy.Builder as Bld
+import qualified Data.StorableVector.Lazy.Pattern as SigStV
+import qualified Data.StorableVector.Lazy         as SVL
+import qualified Data.StorableVector              as SV
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.State.Signal      as SigS
+
+import qualified Sound.MIDI.Message.Channel.Voice as VoiceMsg
+import Sound.MIDI.Message.Channel.Voice (normalVelocity, )
+
+import qualified Data.EventList.Relative.TimeBody  as EventList
+import qualified Data.EventList.Relative.BodyTime  as EventListBT
+import Data.EventList.Relative.MixedBody ((/.), (./), )
+
+import qualified Control.Monad.Trans.State.Strict as MS
+import Control.Monad.Trans.State (evalState, gets, )
+import Control.Category ((.), )
+
+import Data.Traversable (traverse, )
+
+-- import qualified Numeric.NonNegative.Class   as NonNeg
+import qualified Numeric.NonNegative.Wrapper as NonNegW
+import qualified Numeric.NonNegative.Chunky as NonNegChunky
+
+import Data.Maybe.HT (toMaybe, )
+
+import NumericPrelude.Numeric (zero, round, (^?), )
+import Prelude hiding (Real, round, break, id, (.), )
+
+
+
+frequency1 :: IO ()
+frequency1 =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+      const
+        (OsciSt.static chunkSize Wave.sine zero (800/sampleRate::Real))
+
+frequency2 :: IO ()
+frequency2 =
+   withMIDIEvents (const $ const print) $
+      evalState (getControllerEvents channel VoiceMsg.mainVolume)
+
+frequency3 :: IO ()
+frequency3 =
+   withMIDIEvents (const $ const print) $
+      evalState (getSlice Just)
+
+
+keyboard1 :: IO ()
+keyboard1 =
+   withMIDIEvents play $
+      const (Instr.ping 0 440)
+
+keyboard2 :: SigSt.T Real
+keyboard2 =
+   let music :: Real -> EventList.T StrictTime (SigSt.T Real)
+       music x = 5 /. SigSt.replicate chunkSize 6 x ./ music (x+1)
+   in  CutSt.arrange chunkSize $
+       EventList.mapTime fromIntegral $ music 42
+
+keyboard3 :: SigSt.T Real
+keyboard3 =
+   let time :: Real -> Int
+       time t = round (t * sampleRate)
+       music :: Real -> EventList.T StrictTime (SigSt.T Real)
+       music x =
+          fromIntegral (time 0.2) /.
+          SigSt.take (time 0.4) (Instr.ping 0 x) ./
+          music (x*1.01)
+   in  CutSt.arrange chunkSize $
+       EventList.mapTime fromIntegral $ music 110
+
+makeLazyTime :: Real -> LazyTime
+makeLazyTime t =
+   NonNegChunky.fromNumber $
+   NonNegW.fromNumberMsg "keyboard time" $
+   round (t * sampleRate)
+
+makeStrictTime :: Real -> StrictTime
+makeStrictTime t =
+   NonNegW.fromNumberMsg "keyboard time" $
+   round (t * sampleRate)
+
+pitch :: Int -> VoiceMsg.Pitch
+pitch = VoiceMsg.toPitch
+
+defaultProgram :: VoiceMsg.Program
+defaultProgram = VoiceMsg.toProgram 0
+
+embedDefaultProgram ::
+   EventList.T StrictTime [NoteBoundary Bool] ->
+   EventList.T StrictTime [NoteBoundary (Maybe VoiceMsg.Program)]
+embedDefaultProgram =
+   fmap (fmap (\(NoteBoundary p v b) ->
+      NoteBoundary p v (toMaybe b defaultProgram)))
+
+keyboard4 :: SigSt.T Real
+keyboard4 =
+   let {-
+       idInstr :: Real -> Real -> SigSt.T Real
+       idInstr _vel freq = SigSt.repeat chunkSize freq
+       -}
+--       inf = time 0.4 + inf
+       music :: Int -> EventList.T StrictTime Note
+       music p =
+          makeStrictTime 0.2 /.
+--          (pitch p, normalVelocity, inf) ./
+          Note defaultProgram (pitch p) normalVelocity (makeLazyTime 0.4) ./
+          music (p+1)
+   in  CutSt.arrange chunkSize $
+       EventList.mapTime fromIntegral $
+       fmap (Gen.renderInstrumentIgnoreProgram Instr.pingDur) $
+       music 0
+
+
+notes0 :: Int -> EventList.T StrictTime (NoteBoundary Bool)
+notes0 p =
+   makeStrictTime 0.2 /.
+   (let (oct,pc) = divMod p 12
+    in  (NoteBoundary (pitch (50 + pc)) normalVelocity (even oct)))
+      ./
+   notes0 (p+1)
+
+notes1 :: EventList.T StrictTime (NoteBoundary Bool)
+notes1 =
+   makeStrictTime 0.2 /.
+   (NoteBoundary (pitch 50) normalVelocity True) ./
+   makeStrictTime 0.2 /.
+   (NoteBoundary (pitch 52) normalVelocity True) ./
+   makeStrictTime 0.2 /.
+   (NoteBoundary (pitch 54) normalVelocity True) ./
+   makeStrictTime 0.2 /.
+--   (NoteBoundary (pitch 50) normalVelocity False) ./
+   undefined
+
+notes2 :: EventList.T StrictTime [NoteBoundary Bool]
+notes2 =
+   makeStrictTime 0.2 /.
+   [] ./
+   makeStrictTime 0.2 /.
+   [] ./
+   makeStrictTime 0.2 /.
+   [NoteBoundary (pitch 50) normalVelocity True] ./
+   makeStrictTime 0.2 /.
+   [NoteBoundary (pitch 52) normalVelocity True] ./
+   makeStrictTime 0.2 /.
+   [NoteBoundary (pitch 54) normalVelocity True] ./
+   makeStrictTime 0.2 /.
+   [NoteBoundary (pitch 50) normalVelocity False] ./
+   undefined
+
+notes3 :: EventList.T StrictTime [NoteBoundary (Maybe VoiceMsg.Program)]
+notes3 =
+   embedDefaultProgram $
+   notes2
+
+keyboard5 :: SigSt.T Real
+keyboard5 =
+   CutSt.arrange chunkSize $
+   EventList.mapTime fromIntegral $
+   Gen.flatten $
+   fmap (map (Gen.renderInstrumentIgnoreProgram Instr.pingDur)) $
+   matchNoteEvents $
+   notes3
+
+keyboard6 :: EventList.T StrictTime [Note]
+keyboard6 =
+   matchNoteEvents $
+   embedDefaultProgram $
+   fmap (:[]) $
+   notes1
+
+keyboard7 :: EventList.T StrictTime [(VoiceMsg.Pitch, VoiceMsg.Velocity)]
+keyboard7 =
+   fmap (map (\ ~(Note _ p v _d) -> (p,v))) $
+   keyboard6
+
+
+emptyEvents :: StrictTime -> EventList.T StrictTime [Event.T]
+emptyEvents time =
+   let evs = EventList.cons time [] evs
+   in  evs
+
+
+arrangeSpaceLeak0 :: IO ()
+arrangeSpaceLeak0 =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+   CutSt.arrange chunkSize $
+   evalState (Gen.sequence channel
+      (error "no sound" :: Instrument Real Real)) $
+   emptyEvents 10
+
+arrangeSpaceLeak1 :: IO ()
+arrangeSpaceLeak1 =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+   CutSt.arrange chunkSize $
+   evalState
+      (Gen.sequenceModulated
+         (SigSt.iterate chunkSize (1+) 0) channel
+         (error "no sound" :: SigSt.T Real -> Instrument Real Real)) $
+   emptyEvents 10
+
+makeNote :: Event.NoteEv -> Event.Pitch -> Event.T
+makeNote typ pit =
+   Event.simple Addr.subscribers $ Event.NoteEv typ $
+   Event.simpleNote (Event.Channel 0) pit Event.normalVelocity
+
+{-
+a space leak can only be observed for more than one note,
+maybe our 'break' improvement fixed the case for one played note
+-}
+arrangeSpaceLeak3 :: IO ()
+arrangeSpaceLeak3 =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+   CutSt.arrange chunkSize $
+   evalState
+      (Gen.sequenceModulated
+         (SigSt.iterate chunkSize (1e-7 +) 1) channel
+         Instr.stringStereoFM) $
+--         (const Instr.pingDur :: SigSt.T Real -> Instrument Real Real)) $
+   let evs t = EventList.cons t ([]::[Event.T]) (evs (20-t))
+   in  -- EventList.cons 10 [makeNote MIDI.NoteOn 60] $
+       -- EventList.cons 10 [makeNote MIDI.NoteOn 64] $
+       evs 10
+
+arrangeSpaceLeak4 :: IO ()
+arrangeSpaceLeak4 =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+   evalState
+      (do bend <- MidiSt.pitchBend channel (2^?(2/12)) 1
+          MidiSt.sequenceModulated chunkSize bend channel Instr.stringStereoFM) $
+   let evs t = EventList.cons t ([]::[Event.T]) (evs (20-t))
+   in  evs 10
+
+chordSpaceLeak1 :: IO ()
+chordSpaceLeak1 =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+   CutSt.arrange chunkSize $
+   evalState (Gen.sequence channel Instr.pingDur) $
+   let evs t = EventList.cons t [] (evs (20-t))
+   in  EventList.cons 10 [makeNote Event.NoteOn $ Event.Pitch 60] $
+       EventList.cons 10 [makeNote Event.NoteOn $ Event.Pitch 64] $
+       evs 10
+
+
+sequencePitchBend :: IO ()
+sequencePitchBend =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+      CutSt.arrange chunkSize $
+      evalState
+         (let fm y = (EventListBT.cons $! y) 10 (fm (2-y))
+          in  Gen.sequenceModulated (fm 1) channel
+                 (error "no sound" ::
+                     PC.T Real -> Instrument Real Real)) $
+      emptyEvents 10
+
+sequencePitchBend1 :: IO ()
+sequencePitchBend1 =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+      CutSt.arrange chunkSize $
+      evalState
+         (let fm y = EventListBT.cons y 10 (fm (2-y))
+              instr :: PC.T Real -> Instrument Real Real
+              instr = error "no sound"
+          in  Gen.sequenceCore
+                 channel Gen.errorNoProgram
+                 (Gen.Modulator (fm 1) Gen.advanceModulationChunk
+                     (\note -> gets $ \c ->
+                         Gen.renderInstrumentIgnoreProgram (instr c) note))) $
+      emptyEvents 10
+
+sequencePitchBend2 :: IO ()
+sequencePitchBend2 =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+      let fm y = EventListBT.cons y 10 (fm (2-y))
+          -- fm = EventListBT.cons 1 10 fm
+          instr :: PC.T Real -> Instrument Real Real
+          instr = error "no sound"
+          evs = EventList.cons 10 [] evs
+          md =
+             Gen.Modulator
+                (fm 1)
+                Gen.advanceModulationChunkPC
+                -- Gen.advanceModulationChunk
+                (\note -> gets $ \c ->
+                    Gen.renderInstrumentIgnoreProgram (instr c) note)
+      in  CutSt.arrange chunkSize .
+          EventList.mapTime fromIntegral .
+          Gen.flatten .
+          Gen.applyModulator md $
+          evs
+
+sequencePitchBend3 :: IO ()
+sequencePitchBend3 =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+      let fm y = EventListBT.cons y 10 (fm (2-y))
+          -- fm = EventListBT.cons 1 10 fm
+          instr :: PC.T Real -> Instrument Real Real
+          instr = error "no sound"
+          evs = EventList.cons 10 [] evs
+          modEvent note =
+             gets $ \c ->
+                Gen.renderInstrumentIgnoreProgram (instr c) note
+      in  CutSt.arrange chunkSize .
+          EventList.mapTime fromIntegral .
+          Gen.flatten .
+          flip evalState (fm 1) .
+          EventList.traverse
+             Gen.advanceModulationChunk
+             (traverse modEvent) $
+          evs
+
+sequencePitchBend4 :: IO ()
+sequencePitchBend4 =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+      let fm y = y : fm (2-y)
+          -- fm = repeat 1
+          instr :: [Real] -> Instrument Real Real
+          instr = error "no sound"
+          evs = EventList.cons 10 [] evs
+          modEvent note =
+             gets $ \c ->
+                Gen.renderInstrumentIgnoreProgram (instr c) note
+      in  CutSt.arrange chunkSize .
+          EventList.mapTime fromIntegral .
+          Gen.flatten .
+          flip evalState (fm 1) .
+          EventList.traverse
+             Gen.advanceModulationChunk
+             (traverse modEvent) $
+          evs
+
+sequencePitchBend4a :: IO ()
+sequencePitchBend4a =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+      let fm y = y : fm (2-y)
+          -- fm = repeat 1
+          instr :: [Real] -> Instrument Real Real
+          instr = error "no sound"
+          evs = EventList.cons 10 [] evs
+          modEvent note =
+             MS.gets $ \c ->
+                Gen.renderInstrumentIgnoreProgram (instr c) note
+      in  CutSt.arrange chunkSize .
+          EventList.mapTime fromIntegral .
+          Gen.flatten .
+          flip MS.evalState (fm 1) .
+          EventList.traverse
+             Gen.advanceModulationChunkStrict
+             (traverse modEvent) $
+          evs
+
+sequencePitchBend4b :: IO ()
+sequencePitchBend4b =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+      let fm y = y : fm (2-y)
+          -- fm = repeat 1
+          instr :: [Real] -> Instrument Real Real
+          instr = error "no sound"
+          evs = EventList.cons 10 [] evs
+      in  CutSt.arrange chunkSize .
+          Gen.flatten $
+          EventList.foldrPair
+             (\t bs0 go s0 ->
+                let s1 = tail s0
+                    bs1 =
+                       map (Gen.renderInstrumentIgnoreProgram (instr s1)) bs0
+                in  EventList.cons
+                       (if null s1 then t else t) bs1 $
+                    go s1)
+             (const EventList.empty) evs (fm 1)
+
+sequencePitchBend4c :: IO ()
+sequencePitchBend4c =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+      let fm y = y : fm (2-y)
+          -- fm = repeat 1
+          instr :: [Real] -> Instrument Real Real
+          instr = error "no sound"
+      in  CutSt.arrange chunkSize .
+          Gen.flatten .
+          EventList.fromPairList $
+          foldr
+             (\(t,bs0) go s0 ->
+                let s1 = tail s0
+                    bs1 =
+                       map (Gen.renderInstrumentIgnoreProgram (instr s1)) bs0
+                in  (if null s1 then t else t, bs1) :
+                    go s1)
+             (const [])
+             (repeat (10,[]))
+             (fm 1)
+
+sequencePitchBend4d :: IO ()
+sequencePitchBend4d =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+      let fm y = y : fm (2-y)
+          -- fm = repeat 1
+      in  CutSt.arrange chunkSize .
+          EventList.fromPairList $
+          foldr
+             (\(t,b) go s0 ->
+                let s1 = tail s0
+                in  (if null s1 then t else t,
+                     if null s1 then b else b) :
+                    go s1)
+             (const [])
+             (repeat (10, SigSt.empty :: SigSt.T Real))
+             (fm 1 :: [Real])
+
+sequencePitchBend4e :: IO ()
+sequencePitchBend4e =
+   writeFile "test.txt" $
+   foldr
+      (\c go s0 ->
+         let s1 = tail s0
+         in  (if null s1 then c else c) :
+             go s1)
+      (const [])
+      (repeat 'a')
+      (iterate not False)
+      -- (repeat True)
+
+sequencePitchBend5 :: IO ()
+sequencePitchBend5 =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+      let fm y = SigSt.iterate (SVL.ChunkSize 1) (y+) 0
+          instr :: SigSt.T Real -> Instrument Real Real
+          instr = error "no sound"
+          evs = EventList.cons 10 [] evs
+          modEvent note =
+             gets $ \c ->
+                Gen.renderInstrumentIgnoreProgram (instr c) note
+      in  CutSt.arrange chunkSize .
+          EventList.mapTime fromIntegral .
+          Gen.flatten .
+          flip evalState (fm 1e-6) .
+          EventList.traverse
+             Gen.advanceModulationChunk
+             (traverse modEvent) $
+          evs
+
+dummySound :: Instrument Real Real
+dummySound =
+   \vel freq dur ->
+      SigStV.take (chunkSizesFromLazyTime dur) $
+      SigSt.repeat chunkSize (vel + 1e-3*freq)
+
+sequenceStaccato :: IO ()
+sequenceStaccato =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+      let evs t =
+             EventList.cons t [Right $ NoteBoundary (pitch 60) normalVelocity True] $
+             EventList.cons t [Right $ NoteBoundary (pitch 60) normalVelocity False] $
+             evs (20-t)
+      in  CutSt.arrange chunkSize .
+          EventList.mapTime fromIntegral .
+          Gen.flatten .
+          EventList.mapBody
+             (map (Gen.renderInstrumentIgnoreProgram dummySound)) .
+          MIDIEv.matchNoteEvents .
+          MIDIEv.embedPrograms defaultProgram $
+          evs 10
+
+sequenceStaccato3 :: IO ()
+sequenceStaccato3 =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+      let evs t =
+             EventList.cons t [NoteBoundary (pitch 60) normalVelocity (Just defaultProgram)] $
+             EventList.cons t [NoteBoundary (pitch 60) normalVelocity Nothing] $
+             evs (20-t)
+      in  CutSt.arrange chunkSize .
+          EventList.mapTime fromIntegral .
+          Gen.flatten .
+          EventList.mapBody
+             (map (Gen.renderInstrumentIgnoreProgram dummySound)) .
+          MIDIEv.matchNoteEvents $
+          evs 10
+
+sequenceStaccato2 :: IO ()
+sequenceStaccato2 =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+      let p = Event.Pitch 60
+          evs t =
+             EventList.cons t [makeNote Event.NoteOn  p] $
+             EventList.cons t [makeNote Event.NoteOff p] $
+             evs (20-t)
+      in  CutSt.arrange chunkSize .
+          EventList.mapTime fromIntegral .
+          Gen.flatten .
+          EventList.mapBody
+             (map (Gen.renderInstrumentIgnoreProgram dummySound)) .
+          MIDIEv.matchNoteEvents .
+          MIDIEv.embedPrograms defaultProgram .
+          evalState (MIDIEv.getNoteEvents channel) $
+          evs 10
+
+sequenceStaccato1 :: IO ()
+sequenceStaccato1 =
+   SVL.writeFile "test.f32" $
+      CutSt.arrange chunkSize $
+      evalState (Gen.sequence channel dummySound) $
+      let p = Event.Pitch 60
+          evs t =
+             EventList.cons t [makeNote Event.NoteOn  p] $
+             EventList.cons t [makeNote Event.NoteOff p] $
+             evs (20-t)
+      in  evs 10
+
+
+speed :: IO ()
+speed =
+   let _sig =
+          Causal.apply
+             (Instr.softStringCausalProcess 440 <<<
+              Instr.softStringReleaseEnvelopeCausalProcess 0)
+             (SigS.repeat True)
+       sig =
+          Causal.apply
+             (Instr.softStringCausalProcess 440)
+             (SigS.repeat 1)
+   in  SV.writeFile "speed.f32" $
+       SigS.runViewL sig
+       (\next s -> fst $ SV.unfoldrN 1000000 next s)
+
+speedChunky :: IO ()
+speedChunky =
+   let sig =
+          Causal.apply
+             (Instr.softStringCausalProcess 440 <<<
+              Instr.softStringReleaseEnvelopeCausalProcess 0)
+             (SigS.repeat True)
+   in  SVL.writeFile "speed.f32" $
+       SigSt.take 1000000 $
+       SigS.toStorableSignal (SVL.chunkSize 100) sig
+{-
+       SigS.runViewL sig
+       (\next s -> SVL.take 1000000 (SVL.unfoldr (SVL.chunkSize 100) next s))
+-}
+
+speedArrange :: IO ()
+speedArrange =
+   let sig =
+          Causal.apply
+             (Instr.softStringCausalProcess 440 <<<
+              Instr.softStringReleaseEnvelopeCausalProcess 0)
+             (SigS.repeat True)
+       sigSt =
+          SigS.toStorableSignal (SVL.chunkSize 100) sig
+   in  SVL.writeFile "speed.f32" $
+       SigSt.take 1000000 $
+       CutSt.arrangeEquidist (SVL.chunkSize 100) $
+       EventList.fromPairList [(10000,sigSt)]
diff --git a/src/Synthesizer/ALSA/CausalIO/Process.hs b/src/Synthesizer/ALSA/CausalIO/Process.hs
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Synthesizer/ALSA/CausalIO/Process.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+module Synthesizer.ALSA.CausalIO.Process (
+   Events,
+   playFromEvents,
+   Output,
+   playFromEventsWithParams,
+   ) where
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.ALSA.EventList as MIDIEv
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Play as Play
+import Synthesizer.MIDI.EventList (StrictTime, )
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.CausalIO.Process as PIO
+
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.PCM as PCM
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.Sequencer.Event as Event
+
+import qualified Data.EventList.Relative.TimeTime  as EventListTT
+
+import qualified Algebra.RealField      as RealField
+import qualified Algebra.Additive       as Additive
+
+import qualified Data.StorableVector as SV
+
+import Control.Exception (bracket, )
+
+import NumericPrelude.Numeric
+import NumericPrelude.Base
+import Prelude ()
+
+
+type Events = EventListTT.T StrictTime [Event.T]
+
+playFromEvents ::
+   (RealField.C time, PCM.SampleFmt a, Additive.C a) =>
+   Play.Device -> MIDIEv.ClientName -> time -> time -> PCM.SampleFreq ->
+   PIO.T Events (SV.Vector a) ->
+   IO ()
+playFromEvents device name latency beat rate
+      (PIO.Cons next create delete) =
+   let sink = Play.makeSink device beat rate
+       rateFloat = fromIntegral rate
+   in  MIDIEv.withMIDIEventsChunked name beat rateFloat $ \getEventsList ->
+       PCM.withSoundSink sink $ \to ->
+{-
+       Play.writeLazy sink to
+          (SVL.replicate
+              (SVL.chunkSize $ round (beat * rateFloat))
+              (round (latency * rateFloat))
+              (zero::Float))
+-}
+       Play.write sink to
+          (SV.replicate (round (latency * rateFloat)) zero) >>
+       (bracket create delete $ \state ->
+        let loop getEvs0 s0 =
+               case getEvs0 of
+                  [] -> return ()
+                  getEvents : getEvs1 -> do
+                     evs <- getEvents
+                     (pcm, s1) <- next evs s0
+                     Play.write sink to pcm
+                     loop getEvs1 s1
+        in  loop getEventsList state)
+
+
+type Output handle signal a =
+   (IO ((PCM.Size, PCM.SampleFreq), handle),
+    handle -> IO (),
+    handle -> signal -> IO a)
+
+playFromEventsWithParams ::
+   Output handle signal () ->
+   MIDIEv.ClientName ->
+   ((PCM.Size, PCM.SampleFreq) -> PIO.T Events signal) ->
+   IO ()
+playFromEventsWithParams (open, close, write) name process =
+   bracket open (close . snd) $ \(p@(period,rate),h) ->
+      let rateFloat = fromIntegral rate :: Double
+          beat = fromIntegral period / rateFloat
+      in  MIDIEv.withMIDIEventsChunked name beat rateFloat $ \getEventsList ->
+             case process p of
+                PIO.Cons next create delete -> do
+{-
+                   write
+                      (SV.replicate (round (latency * rateFloat)) zero)
+-}
+                   bracket create delete $ \state ->
+                      let loop getEvs0 s0 =
+                             case getEvs0 of
+                                [] -> return ()
+                                getEvents : getEvs1 -> do
+                                   evs <- getEvents
+                                   (chunk, s1) <- next evs s0
+                                   write h chunk
+                                   loop getEvs1 s1
+                      in  loop getEventsList state
diff --git a/src/Synthesizer/ALSA/Dimensional/Play.hs b/src/Synthesizer/ALSA/Dimensional/Play.hs
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Synthesizer/ALSA/Dimensional/Play.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+{-# LANGUAGE RebindableSyntax #-}
+{-# LANGUAGE Rank2Types #-}
+module Synthesizer.ALSA.Dimensional.Play where
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Play as Play
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Rate as Rate
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Amplitude as Amp
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Process as Proc
+import qualified Synthesizer.Dimensional.Signal.Private as SigA
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Frame.Stereo as Stereo
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Storable.Signal as SigSt
+
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.PCM as ALSA
+
+import qualified Algebra.DimensionTerm as Dim
+import qualified Number.DimensionTerm  as DN
+
+-- import qualified Algebra.ToInteger      as ToInteger
+import qualified Algebra.Module         as Module
+import qualified Algebra.RealRing      as RealRing
+-- import qualified Algebra.Field          as Field
+-- import qualified Algebra.Ring           as Ring
+
+import Foreign.Storable (Storable, )
+
+-- import NumericPrelude.Numeric
+import NumericPrelude.Base
+
+
+type Device = String
+
+type RenderedStorableSignal u t v y yv =
+   SigA.T (Rate.Dimensional u t) (Amp.Dimensional v y) (SigSt.T yv)
+
+type StorableSignal s v y yv =
+   SigA.T (Rate.Phantom s) (Amp.Dimensional v y) (SigSt.T yv)
+
+
+makeSink ::
+   (ALSA.SampleFmt y, RealRing.C t) =>
+   Device {- ^ ALSA output device -} ->
+   DN.Time t {- ^ period (buffer) size expressed in seconds -} ->
+   DN.Frequency t {- ^ sample rate -} ->
+   ALSA.SoundSink ALSA.Pcm y
+makeSink device periodTime rate =
+   Play.makeSink device
+      (DN.toNumberWithDimension Dim.time periodTime)
+      (RealRing.round (DN.toNumberWithDimension Dim.frequency rate))
+
+
+{-# INLINE timeVoltageStorable #-}
+timeVoltageStorable ::
+   (Module.C y yv, ALSA.SampleFmt yv, RealRing.C t) =>
+   Device ->
+   DN.Time t->
+   RenderedStorableSignal Dim.Time t Dim.Voltage y yv ->
+   IO ()
+timeVoltageStorable device period sig =
+   Play.auto (makeSink device period (SigA.actualSampleRate sig))
+      (SigA.vectorSamples (DN.toNumberWithDimension Dim.voltage) sig)
+
+{-# INLINE timeVoltageMonoStorableToInt16 #-}
+timeVoltageMonoStorableToInt16 ::
+   (Storable y, RealRing.C y, RealRing.C t) =>
+   Device ->
+   DN.Time t->
+   RenderedStorableSignal Dim.Time t Dim.Voltage y y ->
+   IO ()
+timeVoltageMonoStorableToInt16 device period sig =
+   Play.monoToInt16 (makeSink device period (SigA.actualSampleRate sig))
+      (SigA.scalarSamples (DN.toNumberWithDimension Dim.voltage) sig)
+
+{-# INLINE timeVoltageStereoStorableToInt16 #-}
+timeVoltageStereoStorableToInt16 ::
+   (Storable y, Module.C y y, RealRing.C y, RealRing.C t) =>
+   Device ->
+   DN.Time t->
+   RenderedStorableSignal Dim.Time t Dim.Voltage y (Stereo.T y) ->
+   IO ()
+timeVoltageStereoStorableToInt16 device period sig =
+   Play.stereoToInt16 (makeSink device period (SigA.actualSampleRate sig))
+      (SigA.vectorSamples (DN.toNumberWithDimension Dim.voltage) sig)
+
+
+{-# INLINE renderTimeVoltageStorable #-}
+renderTimeVoltageStorable ::
+   (Module.C y yv, ALSA.SampleFmt yv, RealRing.C t) =>
+   Device ->
+   DN.Time t->
+   DN.T Dim.Frequency t ->
+   (forall s. Proc.T s Dim.Time t
+      (StorableSignal s Dim.Voltage y yv)) ->
+   IO ()
+renderTimeVoltageStorable device period rate sig =
+   timeVoltageStorable device period (SigA.render rate sig)
+
+{-# INLINE renderTimeVoltageMonoStorableToInt16 #-}
+renderTimeVoltageMonoStorableToInt16 ::
+   (Storable y, RealRing.C y, RealRing.C t) =>
+   Device ->
+   DN.Time t->
+   DN.T Dim.Frequency t ->
+   (forall s. Proc.T s Dim.Time t
+      (StorableSignal s Dim.Voltage y y)) ->
+   IO ()
+renderTimeVoltageMonoStorableToInt16 device period rate sig =
+   timeVoltageMonoStorableToInt16 device period (SigA.render rate sig)
+
+{-# INLINE renderTimeVoltageStereoStorableToInt16 #-}
+renderTimeVoltageStereoStorableToInt16 ::
+   (Storable y, Module.C y y, RealRing.C y, RealRing.C t) =>
+   Device ->
+   DN.Time t->
+   DN.T Dim.Frequency t ->
+   (forall s. Proc.T s Dim.Time t
+      (StorableSignal s Dim.Voltage y (Stereo.T y))) ->
+   IO ()
+renderTimeVoltageStereoStorableToInt16 device period rate sig =
+   timeVoltageStereoStorableToInt16 device period (SigA.render rate sig)
diff --git a/src/Synthesizer/ALSA/EventList.hs b/src/Synthesizer/ALSA/EventList.hs
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Synthesizer/ALSA/EventList.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,505 @@
+{-# LANGUAGE RebindableSyntax #-}
+module Synthesizer.ALSA.EventList where
+
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.Sequencer.Address as Addr
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.Sequencer.Client as Client
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.Sequencer.Port as Port
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.Sequencer.Port.InfoMonad as PortInfo
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.Sequencer.Event as Event
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.Sequencer.Queue as Queue
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.Sequencer.Time as Time
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.Sequencer.RealTime as RealTime
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.Sequencer as SndSeq
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.Exception as AlsaExc
+
+import qualified Data.EventList.Relative.TimeBody  as EventList
+import qualified Data.EventList.Relative.TimeTime  as EventListTT
+import qualified Data.EventList.Relative.MixedBody as EventListMB
+import qualified Data.EventList.Relative.TimeMixed as EventListTM
+import qualified Data.EventList.Absolute.TimeBody  as AbsEventList
+
+import Sound.MIDI.ALSA.Construct ()
+import Sound.MIDI.ALSA.Check ()
+import Sound.MIDI.ALSA.Query ()
+
+import System.IO.Unsafe (unsafeInterleaveIO, )
+import Control.Concurrent (threadDelay)
+import System.Time (ClockTime(TOD), getClockTime, )
+
+import Control.Monad.Trans.State
+          (evalState, modify, get, )
+
+import qualified Numeric.NonNegative.Class   as NonNeg
+import qualified Numeric.NonNegative.Wrapper as NonNegW
+
+import qualified Algebra.RealField  as RealField
+import qualified Algebra.Field      as Field
+
+import Data.Tuple.HT (mapPair, mapSnd, )
+import Data.Ord.HT (limit, )
+import Control.Monad (liftM, liftM2, )
+
+import NumericPrelude.Numeric
+import NumericPrelude.Base
+
+
+{- |
+The @time@ type needs high precision,
+so you will certainly have to instantiate it with 'Double'.
+'Float' has definitely not enough bits.
+-}
+getTimeSeconds :: Field.C time => IO time
+getTimeSeconds =
+   fmap clockTimeToSeconds getClockTime
+
+clockTimeToSeconds :: Field.C time => ClockTime -> time
+clockTimeToSeconds (TOD secs picos) =
+   fromInteger secs + fromInteger picos * 1e-12
+
+wait :: RealField.C time => time -> IO ()
+wait t1 =
+   do t0 <- getTimeSeconds
+      threadDelay $ floor $ 1e6*(t1-t0)
+
+
+{-
+We cannot easily turn this into a custom type,
+since we need Maybe Event.T sometimes.
+-}
+type StampedEvent time = (time, Event.T)
+
+
+{- |
+only use it for non-blocking sequencers
+
+We ignore ALSA time stamps and use the time of fetching the event,
+because I don't know whether the ALSA time stamps are in sync with getClockTime.
+-}
+getStampedEvent ::
+   (Field.C time, SndSeq.AllowInput mode) =>
+   SndSeq.T mode -> IO (StampedEvent time)
+getStampedEvent h =
+   liftM2 (,)
+      getTimeSeconds
+      (Event.input h)
+
+{- | only use it for non-blocking sequencers -}
+getWaitingStampedEvents ::
+   (Field.C time, SndSeq.AllowInput mode) =>
+   SndSeq.T mode -> IO [StampedEvent time]
+getWaitingStampedEvents h =
+   let loop =
+          AlsaExc.catch
+             (liftM2 (:) (getStampedEvent h) loop)
+             (const $ return [])
+   in  loop
+
+{- |
+RealTime.toFractional for NumericPrelude.
+-}
+realTimeToField :: (Field.C a) => RealTime.T -> a
+realTimeToField (RealTime.Cons s n) =
+   fromIntegral s + fromIntegral n / (10^9)
+
+addStamp ::
+   (RealField.C time) =>
+   Event.T -> StampedEvent time
+addStamp ev =
+   (case Event.time ev of
+      Time.Cons Time.Absolute (Time.Real t) -> realTimeToField t
+      _ -> error "unsupported time stamp type",
+    ev)
+
+{- | only use it for blocking sequencers -}
+getStampedEventsUntilTime ::
+   (RealField.C time,
+    SndSeq.AllowInput mode, SndSeq.AllowOutput mode) =>
+   SndSeq.T mode ->
+   Queue.T -> Port.T -> time ->
+   IO [StampedEvent time]
+getStampedEventsUntilTime h q p t =
+   fmap (map addStamp) $ getEventsUntilTime h q p t
+
+
+{- |
+The client id may differ from the receiving sequencer.
+I do not know, whether there are circumstances, where this is useful.
+-}
+getEventsUntilEcho ::
+   (SndSeq.AllowInput mode) =>
+   Client.T -> SndSeq.T mode -> IO [Event.T]
+getEventsUntilEcho c h =
+   let loop = do
+          ev <- Event.input h
+          let abort =
+                 case Event.body ev of
+                    Event.CustomEv Event.Echo _ ->
+                       c == Addr.client (Event.source ev)
+                    _ -> False
+          if abort
+            then return []
+            else liftM (ev:) loop
+   in  loop
+
+{- |
+Get events until a certain point in time.
+It sends itself an Echo event in order to measure time.
+-}
+getEventsUntilTime ::
+   (RealField.C time,
+    SndSeq.AllowInput mode, SndSeq.AllowOutput mode) =>
+   SndSeq.T mode ->
+   Queue.T -> Port.T -> time ->
+   IO [Event.T]
+getEventsUntilTime h q p t = do
+   c <- Client.getId h
+   _ <- Event.output h $
+           makeEcho c q p t (Event.Custom 0 0 0)
+   _ <- Event.drainOutput h
+   getEventsUntilEcho c h
+
+
+getWaitingEvents ::
+   (SndSeq.AllowInput mode) =>
+   SndSeq.T mode -> IO [Event.T]
+getWaitingEvents h =
+   let loop =
+          AlsaExc.catch
+             (liftM2 (:) (Event.input h) loop)
+             (const $ return [])
+   in  loop
+
+
+
+type StrictTime = NonNegW.Integer
+newtype ClientName = ClientName String
+   deriving (Show)
+
+{-
+ghc -i:src -e 'withMIDIEvents 44100 print' src/Synthesizer/Storable/ALSA/MIDI.hs
+-}
+{-
+Maybe it is better to not use type variable for sample rate,
+because ALSA supports only integers,
+and if ALSA sample rate and sample rate do not match due to rounding errors,
+then play and event fetching get out of sync over the time.
+-}
+withMIDIEvents :: (RealField.C time) =>
+   ClientName -> time -> time ->
+   (EventList.T StrictTime [Event.T] -> IO a) -> IO a
+withMIDIEvents =
+   withMIDIEventsBlockEcho
+
+
+{-
+as a quick hack, we neglect the ALSA time stamp and use getTime or so
+-}
+withMIDIEventsNonblockWaitGrouped :: (RealField.C time) =>
+   ClientName -> time -> time ->
+   (EventList.T StrictTime [Event.T] -> IO a) -> IO a
+withMIDIEventsNonblockWaitGrouped name beat rate proc =
+   withInPort name SndSeq.Nonblock $ \ h _p ->
+   do start <- getTimeSeconds
+      l <- lazySequence $
+              flip map (iterate (beat+) start) $ \t ->
+                 wait t >>
+                 liftM
+                    (\evs -> (t, evs))
+                    (getWaitingEvents h)
+{-
+                 liftM2 (,)
+                    getTimeSeconds
+                    (getWaitingEvents h)
+-}
+      proc $
+         discretizeTime rate $
+         AbsEventList.fromPairList l
+
+{-
+With this function latency becomes longer and longer if xruns occur,
+but the latency is not just adapted,
+but ones xruns occur, this implies more and more xruns.
+-}
+withMIDIEventsNonblockWaitDefer :: (RealField.C time) =>
+   ClientName -> time -> time ->
+   (EventList.T StrictTime (Maybe Event.T) -> IO a) -> IO a
+withMIDIEventsNonblockWaitDefer name beat rate proc =
+   withInPort name SndSeq.Nonblock $ \ h _p ->
+   do start <- getTimeSeconds
+      l <- lazySequence $
+              flip map (iterate (beat+) start) $ \t ->
+                 wait t >>
+                 liftM
+                    (\ es -> (t, Nothing) : map (mapSnd Just) es)
+                    (getWaitingStampedEvents h)
+      proc $
+         discretizeTime rate $
+         {-
+         delay events that are in wrong order
+         disadvantage: we cannot guarantee a beat with a minimal period
+         -}
+         flip evalState start $
+         AbsEventList.mapTimeM (\t -> modify (max t) >> get) $
+         AbsEventList.fromPairList $ concat l
+
+{-
+We risk and endless skipping when the beat is too short.
+(Or debug output slows down processing.)
+-}
+withMIDIEventsNonblockWaitSkip :: (RealField.C time) =>
+   ClientName -> time -> time ->
+   (EventList.T StrictTime (Maybe Event.T) -> IO a) -> IO a
+withMIDIEventsNonblockWaitSkip name beat rate proc =
+   withInPort name SndSeq.Nonblock $ \ h _p ->
+   do start <- getTimeSeconds
+      l <- lazySequence $
+           flip map (iterate (beat+) start) $ \t ->
+              do wait t
+                 t0 <- getTimeSeconds
+                 -- print (t-start,t0-start)
+                 es <-
+                    if t0>=t+beat
+                      then return []
+                      else getWaitingStampedEvents h
+                 return $
+                    (t0, Nothing) :
+                    map (mapSnd Just) es
+      proc $
+         discretizeTime rate $
+         AbsEventList.fromPairList $ concat l
+
+withMIDIEventsNonblockWaitMin :: (RealField.C time) =>
+   ClientName -> time -> time ->
+   (EventList.T StrictTime (Maybe Event.T) -> IO a) -> IO a
+withMIDIEventsNonblockWaitMin name beat rate proc =
+   withInPort name SndSeq.Nonblock $ \ h _p ->
+   do start <- getTimeSeconds
+      l <- lazySequence $
+              flip map (iterate (beat+) start) $ \t ->
+                 wait t >>
+                 liftM
+                    (\ es ->
+                       (minimum $ t : map fst es, Nothing) :
+                       map (mapSnd Just) es)
+                    (getWaitingStampedEvents h)
+{-
+      mapM_ print $ EventList.toPairList $
+         discretizeTime rate $
+         AbsEventList.fromPairList $ concat l
+      proc undefined
+-}
+      proc $
+         discretizeTime rate $
+         AbsEventList.fromPairList $ concat l
+
+withMIDIEventsNonblockConstantPause :: (RealField.C time) =>
+   ClientName -> time -> time ->
+   (EventList.T StrictTime (Maybe Event.T) -> IO a) -> IO a
+withMIDIEventsNonblockConstantPause name beat rate proc =
+   withInPort name SndSeq.Nonblock $ \ h _p ->
+   do l <- ioToLazyList $ threadDelay (round $ flip asTypeOf rate $ beat*1e6) >>
+              liftM2 (:)
+                 (liftM (\t->(t,Nothing)) getTimeSeconds)
+                 (liftM (map (mapSnd Just)) (getWaitingStampedEvents h))
+      proc $
+         discretizeTime rate $
+         AbsEventList.fromPairList $ concat l
+
+withMIDIEventsNonblockSimple :: (RealField.C time) =>
+   ClientName -> time -> time ->
+   (EventList.T StrictTime Event.T -> IO a) -> IO a
+withMIDIEventsNonblockSimple name beat rate proc =
+   withInPort name SndSeq.Nonblock $ \ h _p ->
+   do l <- ioToLazyList $
+              threadDelay (round $ flip asTypeOf rate $ beat*1e6) >>
+              getWaitingStampedEvents h
+      proc $
+         discretizeTime rate $
+         AbsEventList.fromPairList $ concat l
+
+
+setTimestamping ::
+   SndSeq.T mode -> Port.T -> Queue.T -> IO ()
+setTimestamping h p q =
+   PortInfo.modify h p $ do
+      PortInfo.setTimestamping True
+      PortInfo.setTimestampReal True
+      PortInfo.setTimestampQueue q
+
+withMIDIEventsBlockEcho :: (RealField.C time) =>
+   ClientName -> time -> time ->
+   (EventList.T StrictTime [Event.T] -> IO a) -> IO a
+withMIDIEventsBlockEcho name beat rate proc =
+   withInPort name SndSeq.Block $ \ h p ->
+   Queue.with h $ \ q ->
+   do setTimestamping h p q
+      Queue.control h q Event.QueueStart Nothing
+      _ <- Event.drainOutput h
+
+      proc .
+         discretizeTime rate .
+         AbsEventList.fromPairList .
+         concat =<<
+         (lazySequence $
+          flip map (iterate (beat+) 0) $ \t ->
+             let end = t+beat
+             in  -- (\act -> do evs <- act; print evs; return evs) $
+                 -- add a laziness break
+                 fmap ((t,[]) :) $
+                 fmap (map (mapPair (limit (t,end), (:[])))) $
+                 getStampedEventsUntilTime h q p end)
+
+{- |
+This is like withMIDIEventsBlockEcho
+but collects all events at the beginning of the beats.
+This way, further processing steps may collapse
+all controller events within one beat to one event.
+-}
+withMIDIEventsBlockEchoQuantised :: (RealField.C time) =>
+   ClientName -> time -> time ->
+   (EventList.T StrictTime [Event.T] -> IO a) -> IO a
+withMIDIEventsBlockEchoQuantised name beat rate proc =
+   withInPort name SndSeq.Block $ \ h p ->
+   Queue.with h $ \ q ->
+   do Queue.control h q Event.QueueStart Nothing
+      _ <- Event.drainOutput h
+
+      proc .
+         discretizeTime rate .
+         AbsEventList.fromPairList =<<
+         (lazySequence $
+          flip map (iterate (beat+) 0) $ \t ->
+            liftM
+               (\evs -> (t, evs))
+               (getEventsUntilTime h q p (t+beat)))
+
+{- |
+Make sure, that @beat@ is an integer multiple of @recip rate@.
+Since we round time within each chunk,
+we would otherwise accumulate rounding errors over time.
+-}
+withMIDIEventsChunked ::
+   (RealField.C time) =>
+   ClientName -> time -> time ->
+   ([IO (EventListTT.T StrictTime [Event.T])] -> IO a) ->
+   IO a
+withMIDIEventsChunked name beat rate proc =
+   withInPort name SndSeq.Block $ \ h p ->
+   Queue.with h $ \ q ->
+   do setTimestamping h p q
+      Queue.control h q Event.QueueStart Nothing
+      _ <- Event.drainOutput h
+
+      proc $
+         map
+            (\t ->
+               let end = t+beat
+               in  liftM
+                      (\evs ->
+                         EventListTM.switchBodyR
+                            (error "withMIDIEventsChunked: empty list, but there must be at least the end event")
+                            const $
+                         discretizeTime rate $
+                         AbsEventList.fromPairList $
+                         (t,[]) :
+                         {-
+                         FIXME: This is a quick hack in order to assert
+                         that all events are within one chunk
+                         and do not lie on the boundary.
+                         -}
+                         map (mapPair (limit (t , end - recip rate), (:[]))) evs ++
+                         (end, []) :
+                         [])
+                      (getStampedEventsUntilTime h q p end))
+            (iterate (beat+) 0)
+
+withMIDIEventsChunkedQuantised ::
+   (RealField.C time) =>
+   ClientName -> time -> time ->
+   ([IO (EventList.T StrictTime [Event.T])] -> IO a) ->
+   IO a
+withMIDIEventsChunkedQuantised name beat rate proc =
+   withInPort name SndSeq.Block $ \ h p ->
+   Queue.with h $ \ q ->
+   do Queue.control h q Event.QueueStart Nothing
+      _ <- Event.drainOutput h
+
+      proc $
+         map
+            (\t ->
+               liftM
+                  (\evs ->
+                     EventList.cons NonNeg.zero evs $
+                     EventList.singleton
+                        (NonNegW.fromNumberMsg "chunked time conversion" $
+                         round (beat*rate)) [])
+                  (getEventsUntilTime h q p (t+beat)))
+            (iterate (beat+) 0)
+
+makeEcho ::
+   RealField.C time =>
+   Client.T -> Queue.T -> Port.T ->
+   time -> Event.Custom -> Event.T
+makeEcho c q p t dat =
+   (Event.simple
+      (Addr.Cons {
+           Addr.client = c,
+           Addr.port = Port.unknown
+        })
+      (Event.CustomEv Event.Echo dat))
+      { Event.queue = q
+      , Event.time =
+           Time.consAbs $ Time.Real $ RealTime.fromInteger $
+           floor (10^9 * t)
+      , Event.dest = Addr.Cons {
+           Addr.client = c,
+           Addr.port = p
+        }
+      }
+
+withMIDIEventsBlock :: (RealField.C time) =>
+   ClientName -> time ->
+   (EventList.T StrictTime Event.T -> IO a) -> IO a
+withMIDIEventsBlock name rate proc =
+   withInPort name SndSeq.Block $ \ h _p ->
+   do l <- ioToLazyList $ getStampedEvent h
+      proc $
+         discretizeTime rate $
+         AbsEventList.fromPairList l
+
+withInPort ::
+   ClientName ->
+   SndSeq.BlockMode ->
+   (SndSeq.T SndSeq.DuplexMode -> Port.T -> IO t) -> IO t
+withInPort (ClientName name) blockMode act =
+   SndSeq.with SndSeq.defaultName blockMode $ \h ->
+   Client.setName h name >>
+   Port.withSimple h "input"
+      (Port.caps [Port.capWrite, Port.capSubsWrite])
+      Port.typeMidiGeneric
+      (act h)
+
+{- |
+We first discretize the absolute time values,
+then we compute differences,
+in order to avoid rounding errors in further computations.
+-}
+discretizeTime :: (RealField.C time) =>
+   time -> AbsEventList.T time a -> EventList.T StrictTime a
+discretizeTime sampleRate =
+   EventListMB.mapTimeHead (const $ NonNegW.fromNumber zero) . -- clear first time since it is an absolute system time stamp
+   EventList.fromAbsoluteEventList .
+   AbsEventList.mapTime
+      (NonNegW.fromNumberMsg "time conversion" . round . (sampleRate*))
+
+
+
+ioToLazyList :: IO a -> IO [a]
+ioToLazyList m =
+   let go = unsafeInterleaveIO $ liftM2 (:) m go
+   in  go
+
+lazySequence :: [IO a] -> IO [a]
+lazySequence [] = return []
+lazySequence (m:ms) =
+   unsafeInterleaveIO $ liftM2 (:) m $ lazySequence ms
diff --git a/src/Synthesizer/ALSA/Storable/Play.hs b/src/Synthesizer/ALSA/Storable/Play.hs
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Synthesizer/ALSA/Storable/Play.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+{-# LANGUAGE RebindableSyntax #-}
+{- |
+Play audio signals via ALSA.
+The module could also be called @Output@,
+because with a @file@ sink, data can also be written to disk.
+-}
+module Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Play (
+   -- * auxiliary functions
+   Device,
+   defaultDevice,
+   defaultChunkSize,
+   makeSink,
+   write,
+   writeLazy,
+   -- * play functions
+   auto,
+   autoAndRecord,
+   autoAndRecordMany,
+   monoToInt16,
+   stereoToInt16,
+   ) where
+
+import qualified Sound.ALSA.PCM as ALSA
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Frame.Stereo as Stereo
+import qualified Synthesizer.Basic.Binary as BinSmp
+
+import qualified Sound.Sox.Frame         as SoxFrame
+import qualified Sound.Sox.Write         as SoxWrite
+import qualified Sound.Sox.Option.Format as SoxOption
+
+import Foreign.Storable (Storable, )
+import Foreign.Marshal.Array (advancePtr, )
+import Foreign.Ptr (Ptr, minusPtr, )
+import Data.Int (Int16, )
+import qualified System.IO as IO
+import qualified System.Exit as Exit
+
+-- import qualified Synthesizer.State.Signal     as SigS
+
+import qualified Synthesizer.Storable.Signal     as SigSt
+import qualified Data.StorableVector.Lazy        as SVL
+import qualified Data.StorableVector.Base        as SVB
+
+import qualified Algebra.RealRing as RealRing
+
+import qualified Data.Traversable as Trav
+import qualified Data.Foldable as Fold
+
+import NumericPrelude.Numeric
+import NumericPrelude.Base
+
+
+{- |
+A suggested default chunk size.
+It is not used by the functions in this module.
+-}
+{-
+Better move to Storable.Server.Common or Dimensional.Server.Common?
+-}
+defaultChunkSize :: SigSt.ChunkSize
+defaultChunkSize = SigSt.chunkSize 512
+{-
+At some epochs this chunk size leads to buffer underruns.
+I cannot reproduce this:
+Some months it works this way on Suse but not on Ubuntu or vice versa.
+Other months it works the other way round.
+defaultChunkSize = SigSt.chunkSize 256
+-}
+
+
+type Device = String
+
+defaultDevice :: Device
+defaultDevice = "default"
+
+
+{- |
+Useful values for the output device are
+
+* @\"default\"@ for mixing with the output of other applications.
+
+* @\"plughw:0,0\"@ for accessing sound output in an exclusive way.
+
+* @\"tee:default,'output.raw',raw\"@ for playing and simultaneously writing raw data to disk.
+
+* @\"tee:default,'output.wav',wav\"@ for playing and writing to WAVE file format.
+  Note that the length cannot be written,
+  when the program is terminated,
+  leaving the file in an invalid format.
+-}
+makeSink ::
+   (ALSA.SampleFmt y, RealRing.C t) =>
+   Device {- ^ ALSA output device -} ->
+   t {- ^ period (buffer) size expressed in seconds -} ->
+   ALSA.SampleFreq {- ^ sample rate -} ->
+   ALSA.SoundSink ALSA.Pcm y
+makeSink device periodTime rate =
+   ALSA.alsaSoundSinkTime device
+      (ALSA.SoundFmt {
+         ALSA.sampleFreq = rate
+      }) $
+   ALSA.SoundBufferTime
+      (round (5000000*periodTime))
+      (round (1000000*periodTime))
+
+{-
+alsaOpen: only few buffer underruns with
+       let buffer_time = 200000 -- 0.20s
+           period_time =  40000 -- 0.04s
+
+However the delay is still perceivable.
+
+Latency for keyboard playback might be better with:
+       let buffer_time =  50000 -- 0.05s
+           period_time =  10000 -- 0.01s
+but we get too much underruns,
+without actually achieving the required latency.
+-}
+{-# INLINE auto #-}
+auto ::
+   (ALSA.SampleFmt y) =>
+   ALSA.SoundSink handle y ->
+   SigSt.T y -> IO ()
+auto sink ys =
+   ALSA.withSoundSink sink $ \to ->
+   writeLazy sink to ys
+
+{-# INLINE writeLazy #-}
+writeLazy ::
+   (Storable y) =>
+   ALSA.SoundSink handle y -> handle y ->
+   SVL.Vector y -> IO ()
+writeLazy sink to ys =
+   mapM_ (write sink to) (SVL.chunks ys)
+
+{-# INLINE write #-}
+write ::
+   (Storable y) =>
+   ALSA.SoundSink handle y -> handle y ->
+   SVB.Vector y -> IO ()
+write sink to c =
+   SVB.withStartPtr c $ \ptr size ->
+   ALSA.soundSinkWrite sink to ptr size
+
+
+-- cf. Alsa.hs
+{-# INLINE arraySize #-}
+arraySize :: Storable y => Ptr y -> Int -> Int
+arraySize p n = advancePtr p n `minusPtr` p
+
+{- |
+Play a signal and write it to disk via SoX simultaneously.
+Consider using 'auto' with @tee@ device.
+-}
+{-# INLINE autoAndRecord #-}
+autoAndRecord ::
+   (ALSA.SampleFmt y, SoxFrame.C y) =>
+   FilePath ->
+   ALSA.SoundFmt y ->
+   ALSA.SoundSink handle y ->
+   SigSt.T y -> IO Exit.ExitCode
+autoAndRecord fileName fmt sink =
+   let rate = ALSA.sampleFreq fmt
+   in  (\act ->
+          SoxWrite.simple act SoxOption.none fileName rate) $ \h ys ->
+       ALSA.withSoundSink sink $ \to ->
+       flip mapM_ (SVL.chunks ys) $ \c ->
+       SVB.withStartPtr c $ \ptr size ->
+       ALSA.soundSinkWrite sink to ptr size >>
+       IO.hPutBuf h ptr (arraySize ptr size)
+
+
+{- |
+Play a signal and write it to multiple files.
+The Functor @f@ may be @Maybe@ for no or one file to write,
+or @[]@ for many files to write.
+-}
+{-# INLINE autoAndRecordMany #-}
+autoAndRecordMany ::
+   (ALSA.SampleFmt y, SoxFrame.C y,
+    Trav.Traversable f) =>
+   f FilePath ->
+   ALSA.SoundFmt y ->
+   ALSA.SoundSink handle y ->
+   SigSt.T y -> IO (f Exit.ExitCode)
+autoAndRecordMany fileNames fmt sink =
+   let rate = ALSA.sampleFreq fmt
+   in  (\act ->
+          SoxWrite.manyExtended act SoxOption.none SoxOption.none fileNames rate) $ \hs ys ->
+       ALSA.withSoundSink sink $ \to ->
+       flip mapM_ (SVL.chunks ys) $ \c ->
+       SVB.withStartPtr c $ \ptr size ->
+       ALSA.soundSinkWrite sink to ptr size >>
+       Fold.traverse_ (\h -> IO.hPutBuf h ptr (arraySize ptr size)) hs
+
+
+{-# INLINE monoToInt16 #-}
+monoToInt16 ::
+   (Storable y, RealRing.C y) =>
+   ALSA.SoundSink handle Int16 ->
+   SigSt.T y -> IO ()
+monoToInt16 sink xs =
+   auto sink (SigSt.map BinSmp.int16FromCanonical xs)
+
+{-# INLINE stereoToInt16 #-}
+stereoToInt16 ::
+   (Storable y, RealRing.C y) =>
+   ALSA.SoundSink handle (Stereo.T Int16) ->
+   SigSt.T (Stereo.T y) -> IO ()
+stereoToInt16 sink xs =
+   auto sink (SigSt.map (fmap BinSmp.int16FromCanonical) xs)
diff --git a/synthesizer-alsa.cabal b/synthesizer-alsa.cabal
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/synthesizer-alsa.cabal
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+Cabal-Version:  2.2
+Name:           synthesizer-alsa
+Version:        0.5.0.6
+License:        GPL-3.0-only
+License-File:   LICENSE
+Author:         Henning Thielemann <haskell@henning-thielemann.de>
+Maintainer:     Henning Thielemann <haskell@henning-thielemann.de>
+Homepage:       http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/Synthesizer
+Category:       Sound, Music
+Synopsis:       Control synthesizer effects via ALSA/MIDI
+Description:
+  This package allows to read MIDI events
+  and to convert them to control signals
+  that can be used for audio effects.
+  As demonstration there is a keyboard controlled music synthesizer.
+Stability:      Experimental
+Tested-With:    GHC==6.4.1, GHC==6.8.2, GHC==6.10.4, GHC==6.12.3
+Tested-With:    GHC==7.0.4, GHC==7.2.1
+Build-Type:     Simple
+
+Source-Repository this
+  Tag:         0.5.0.6
+  Type:        darcs
+  Location:    http://code.haskell.org/synthesizer/alsa/
+
+Source-Repository head
+  Type:        darcs
+  Location:    http://code.haskell.org/synthesizer/alsa/
+
+Flag optimizeAdvanced
+  description: Enable advanced optimizations. They slow down compilation considerably.
+  default:     False
+
+Flag buildExamples
+  description: Build example executables
+  default:     False
+
+Library
+  Build-Depends:
+    synthesizer-midi >=0.6 && <0.7,
+    synthesizer-dimensional >=0.7 && <0.9,
+    synthesizer-core >=0.6 && <0.9,
+    midi-alsa >=0.2 && <0.3,
+    midi >=0.2 && <0.3,
+    sox >=0.2.1 && <0.3,
+    alsa-seq >=0.6 && <0.7,
+    alsa-pcm >=0.6 && <0.7,
+    alsa-core >=0.5 && <0.6,
+    storablevector >=0.2.5 && <0.3,
+    numeric-prelude >=0.3 && <0.5,
+    non-negative >=0.1 && <0.2,
+    event-list >=0.1 && <0.2,
+    transformers >=0.2 && <0.6,
+    utility-ht >=0.0.1 && <0.1,
+    random >=1.0 && < 1.3,
+    old-time >=1.0 && < 1.2,
+    base >=4.5 && <5
+
+  Default-Language: Haskell98
+  GHC-Options:    -Wall
+  GHC-Options:    -fwarn-unused-do-bind
+  Hs-source-dirs: src
+  Exposed-modules:
+    Synthesizer.ALSA.EventList
+    Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Play
+    Synthesizer.ALSA.Dimensional.Play
+    Synthesizer.ALSA.CausalIO.Process
+
+Executable realtimesynth
+  If !flag(buildExamples)
+    Buildable: False
+  If flag(optimizeAdvanced)
+    GHC-Options: -fllvm
+  GHC-Options: -Wall -fexcess-precision -threaded
+-- -ddump-simpl-stats -ddump-asm
+  GHC-Options: -fwarn-unused-do-bind
+  Default-Language: Haskell98
+  Build-Depends:
+    synthesizer-alsa,
+    synthesizer-midi,
+    synthesizer-core,
+    midi,
+    sox,
+    alsa-seq,
+    alsa-pcm,
+    storablevector,
+    numeric-prelude,
+    non-negative,
+    event-list,
+    transformers,
+    utility-ht,
+    base
+  Hs-Source-Dirs: server
+  Other-modules:
+    Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Server.Common
+    Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Server.Test
+    Synthesizer.ALSA.Storable.Server.Run
+  Main-Is: Synthesizer/ALSA/Storable/Server.hs
+
+Executable synthicate
+  If !flag(buildExamples)
+    Buildable: False
+  If flag(optimizeAdvanced)
+    GHC-Options: -fllvm
+  GHC-Options: -Wall -fexcess-precision -threaded
+-- -ddump-simpl-stats
+  GHC-Options: -fwarn-unused-do-bind
+  Default-Language: Haskell98
+  Build-Depends:
+    synthesizer-alsa,
+    synthesizer-midi,
+    synthesizer-dimensional,
+    synthesizer-core,
+    midi,
+    alsa-seq,
+    alsa-pcm,
+    storablevector,
+    numeric-prelude,
+    event-list,
+    base
+  Hs-Source-Dirs: server
+  Other-modules:
+    Synthesizer.ALSA.Dimensional.Server.Common
+    Synthesizer.ALSA.Dimensional.Server.Test
+    Synthesizer.ALSA.Dimensional.Server.Run
+  Main-Is: Synthesizer/ALSA/Dimensional/Server.hs
