diff --git a/ChangeLog.md b/ChangeLog.md
--- a/ChangeLog.md
+++ b/ChangeLog.md
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+## 0.4.8
+
+* Add the `ResponseLengthAndChunkingBothUsed` exception constructor [#108](https://github.com/snoyberg/http-client/issues/108)
+
 ## 0.4.7.2
 
 * Improved `timeout` implementation for high contention cases [#98](https://github.com/snoyberg/http-client/issues/98)
diff --git a/Network/HTTP/Client/Response.hs b/Network/HTTP/Client/Response.hs
--- a/Network/HTTP/Client/Response.hs
+++ b/Network/HTTP/Client/Response.hs
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
     , lbsResponse
     ) where
 
-import Control.Monad ((>=>))
+import Control.Monad ((>=>), when)
 
 import Control.Exception (throwIO)
 
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@
 
 import Data.Default.Class (def)
 
+import Data.Maybe (isJust)
+
 import qualified Network.HTTP.Types as W
 import Network.URI (parseURIReference, escapeURIString, isAllowedInURI)
 
@@ -93,11 +95,16 @@
                 Just t -> timeout t >=> maybe (throwIO ResponseTimeout) return
     StatusHeaders s version hs <- timeout' $ parseStatusHeaders conn
     let mcl = lookup "content-length" hs >>= readDec . S8.unpack
+        isChunked = ("transfer-encoding", "chunked") `elem` hs
 
         -- should we put this connection back into the connection manager?
         toPut = Just "close" /= lookup "connection" hs && version > W.HttpVersion 1 0
         cleanup bodyConsumed = connRelease $ if toPut && bodyConsumed then Reuse else DontReuse
 
+    when (isJust mcl && isChunked) $ do
+        cleanup False
+        throwIO ResponseLengthAndChunkingBothUsed
+
     body <-
         -- RFC 2616 section 4.4_1 defines responses that must not include a body
         if hasNoBody method (W.statusCode s) || mcl == Just 0
@@ -105,7 +112,6 @@
                 cleanup True
                 return brEmpty
             else do
-                let isChunked = ("transfer-encoding", "chunked") `elem` hs
                 body1 <-
                     if isChunked
                         then makeChunkedReader rawBody conn
diff --git a/Network/HTTP/Client/Types.hs b/Network/HTTP/Client/Types.hs
--- a/Network/HTTP/Client/Types.hs
+++ b/Network/HTTP/Client/Types.hs
@@ -114,6 +114,12 @@
                    -- ^ Environment name and value
                    --
                    -- Since 0.4.7
+
+                   | ResponseLengthAndChunkingBothUsed
+                   -- ^ Detect a case where both the @content-length@ header
+                   -- and @transfer-encoding: chunked@ are used.
+                   --
+                   -- Since 0.4.8
     deriving (Show, T.Typeable)
 instance Exception HttpException
 
diff --git a/http-client.cabal b/http-client.cabal
--- a/http-client.cabal
+++ b/http-client.cabal
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 name:                http-client
-version:             0.4.7.2
+version:             0.4.8
 synopsis:            An HTTP client engine, intended as a base layer for more user-friendly packages.
 description:         Hackage documentation generation is not reliable. For up to date documentation, please see: <http://www.stackage.org/package/http-client>.
 homepage:            https://github.com/snoyberg/http-client
diff --git a/test-nonet/Network/HTTP/ClientSpec.hs b/test-nonet/Network/HTTP/ClientSpec.hs
--- a/test-nonet/Network/HTTP/ClientSpec.hs
+++ b/test-nonet/Network/HTTP/ClientSpec.hs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 import           Control.Concurrent        (forkIO, threadDelay)
 import           Control.Concurrent.Async  (withAsync)
 import           Control.Exception         (bracket)
-import           Control.Monad             (forever, replicateM_)
+import           Control.Monad             (forever, replicateM_, void)
 import           Network.HTTP.Client
 import           Network.HTTP.Types        (status413)
 import           Network.Socket            (sClose)
@@ -69,6 +69,28 @@
         readHeaders S.empty
         N.appWrite ad "HTTP/1.1 413 Too Large\r\ncontent-length: 7\r\n\r\ngoodbye"
 
+-- Make sure we detect bad situations like
+-- https://github.com/yesodweb/wai/issues/346 better than we did previously, so
+-- that misreporting like https://github.com/snoyberg/http-client/issues/108
+-- doesn't occur.
+lengthAndChunked :: (Int -> IO a) -> IO a
+lengthAndChunked inner = bracket
+    (N.bindRandomPortTCP "*4")
+    (sClose . snd)
+    $ \(port, lsocket) -> withAsync
+        (N.runTCPServer (N.serverSettingsTCPSocket lsocket) app)
+        (const $ inner port)
+  where
+    app ad = do
+        let readHeaders front = do
+                newBS <- N.appRead ad
+                let bs = S.append front newBS
+                if "\r\n\r\n" `S.isInfixOf` bs
+                    then return ()
+                    else readHeaders bs
+        readHeaders S.empty
+        N.appWrite ad "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\ncontent-length: 0\r\ntransfer-encoding: chunked\r\n\r\n0"
+
 spec :: Spec
 spec = describe "Client" $ do
     describe "fails on empty hostnames #40" $ do
@@ -126,3 +148,12 @@
                 }
             responseBody res `shouldBe` "goodbye"
             responseStatus res `shouldBe` status413
+
+    it "length and chunking #108" $ lengthAndChunked $ \port' -> do
+        withManager defaultManagerSettings $ \man -> do
+            (void $ flip httpLbs man "http://localhost"
+                { port = port'
+                , checkStatus = \_ _ _ -> Nothing
+                , requestBody = RequestBodyStreamChunked
+                    ($ return (S.replicate 100000 65))
+                }) `shouldThrow` (\e -> case e of { ResponseLengthAndChunkingBothUsed -> True; _ -> False})