diff --git a/csound-expression-dynamic.cabal b/csound-expression-dynamic.cabal
--- a/csound-expression-dynamic.cabal
+++ b/csound-expression-dynamic.cabal
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 Name:          csound-expression-dynamic
-Version:       0.0.0
+Version:       0.0.1
 Cabal-Version: >= 1.6
 License:       BSD3
 License-file:  LICENSE
diff --git a/src/Csound/Dynamic/Build.hs b/src/Csound/Dynamic/Build.hs
--- a/src/Csound/Dynamic/Build.hs
+++ b/src/Csound/Dynamic/Build.hs
@@ -5,9 +5,6 @@
     toExp, onExp, 
 
     -- * Rates
-    -- | Updating rates
-    setRate, 
-  
     -- * Queries
     getRates, isMultiOutSignature, getPrimUnsafe,
 
@@ -136,10 +133,6 @@
             
           select cellId rate expr = withRate rate $ Select rate cellId (PrimOr $ Right expr)
 
--- rate coversion
-
-setRate :: Rate -> E -> E
-setRate r a = Fix $ (\x -> x { ratedExpRate = Just r }) $ unFix a
 
 getRates :: MainExp a -> [Rate]
 getRates (Tfm info _) = case infoSignature info of
diff --git a/src/Csound/Dynamic/Render/Instr.hs b/src/Csound/Dynamic/Render/Instr.hs
--- a/src/Csound/Dynamic/Render/Instr.hs
+++ b/src/Csound/Dynamic/Render/Instr.hs
@@ -132,13 +132,13 @@
 rateExp :: Rate -> Exp Int -> Exp RatedVar 
 rateExp curRate expr = case expr of
     ExpPrim (P n) | curRate == Sr -> ExpPrim (PString n)
-    Tfm i xs -> Tfm i $ mergeWithPrimOrBy (flip ratedVar) xs (ratesFromSignature curRate (infoSignature i))
+    Tfm i xs -> Tfm i $ mergeWithPrimOr (ratesFromSignature curRate (infoSignature i)) xs
     Select rate pid a -> Select rate pid (fmap (ratedVar Xr) a)    
     If p t e -> If (rec2 condRate p) (rec1 curRate t) (rec1 curRate e) 
     ExpNum _ -> rec2 curRate expr    
     ReadVar v -> ReadVar v
     WriteVar v a -> WriteVar v $ rec1 (varRate v) a
-    InitVar v a -> InitVar v $ rec1 (varRate v) a
+    InitVar v a -> InitVar v $ rec1 Ir a -- rec1 (varRate v) a
     ExpPrim p -> ExpPrim p
     IfBegin _ -> rec2 condRate expr
     ElseIfBegin _ -> rec2 condRate expr
@@ -160,10 +160,15 @@
           rec1 r = fmap (ratedVar r)
 
           msg txt = "Csound.Dynamic.Render.Instr.rateExp: " ++ txt 
-
           
-
-mergeWithPrimOrBy :: (a -> b -> c) -> [PrimOr a] -> [b] -> [PrimOr c]
-mergeWithPrimOrBy cons = zipWith (\primOr b -> fmap (flip cons b) primOr)
+mergeWithPrimOr :: [Rate] -> [PrimOr Int] -> [PrimOr (Var Rate)]
+mergeWithPrimOr = zipWith phi
+    where 
+        phi r (PrimOr x) = PrimOr $ case x of
+            Left  p -> Left $ updateVarTargetRate r p 
+            Right n -> Right $ ratedVar r n
+        updateVarTargetRate r p = case p of
+            PrimVar _ v -> PrimVar r v
+            _           -> p
 
 
diff --git a/src/Csound/Dynamic/Render/Pretty.hs b/src/Csound/Dynamic/Render/Pretty.hs
--- a/src/Csound/Dynamic/Render/Pretty.hs
+++ b/src/Csound/Dynamic/Render/Pretty.hs
@@ -58,6 +58,22 @@
     PrimInt n -> int n
     PrimDouble d -> double d
     PrimString s -> dquotes $ text s
+    PrimVar targetRate v -> ppConverter targetRate (varRate v) $ ppVar v
+    where
+        ppConverter dst src t 
+            | dst == src = t            
+            | dst == Ar && src == Kr = a(t) 
+            | dst == Ar && src == Ir = a(k(t))            
+            | dst == Kr  = k(t)
+            | dst == Ir && src == Kr = i(t)
+            | dst == Ir && src == Ar = i(k(t))
+            | otherwise = t
+            where 
+                tfm ch v = hcat [char ch, parens v]    
+                a = tfm 'a'
+                k = tfm 'k'
+                i = tfm 'i'
+
     
 ppGen :: Int -> Gen -> Doc
 ppGen tabId ft = char 'f' 
diff --git a/src/Csound/Dynamic/Types/Dep.hs b/src/Csound/Dynamic/Types/Dep.hs
--- a/src/Csound/Dynamic/Types/Dep.hs
+++ b/src/Csound/Dynamic/Types/Dep.hs
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
 readOnlyVar v = noRate $ ReadVar v
 
 initVar :: Monad m => Var -> E -> DepT m ()
-initVar v x = depT_ $ noRate $ InitVar v $ toPrimOr x
+initVar v x = depT_ $ setRate Ir $ noRate $ InitVar v $ toPrimOr x
 
 appendVarBy :: Monad m => (E -> E -> E) -> Var -> E -> DepT m ()
 appendVarBy op v x = writeVar v . op x =<< readVar v
diff --git a/src/Csound/Dynamic/Types/Exp.hs b/src/Csound/Dynamic/Types/Exp.hs
--- a/src/Csound/Dynamic/Types/Exp.hs
+++ b/src/Csound/Dynamic/Types/Exp.hs
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 {-# Language DeriveFunctor, DeriveFoldable, DeriveTraversable #-}
 module Csound.Dynamic.Types.Exp(
     E, RatedExp(..), isEmptyExp, RatedVar, ratedVar, ratedVarRate, ratedVarId, 
-    ratedExp, noRate, withRate,
+    ratedExp, noRate, withRate, setRate,
     Exp, toPrimOr, PrimOr(..), MainExp(..), Name, 
     InstrId(..), intInstrId, ratioInstrId, stringInstrId,
     VarType(..), Var(..), Info(..), OpcFixity(..), Rate(..), 
@@ -86,7 +86,11 @@
 withRate :: Rate -> Exp E -> E
 withRate r = ratedExp (Just r)
 
+-- rate coversion
 
+setRate :: Rate -> E -> E
+setRate r a = Fix $ (\x -> x { ratedExpRate = Just r }) $ unFix a
+
 -- | It's a primitive value or something else. It's used for inlining
 -- of the constants (primitive values).
 newtype PrimOr a = PrimOr { unPrimOr :: Either Prim a }
@@ -98,7 +102,9 @@
 toPrimOr a = PrimOr $ case ratedExpExp $ unFix a of
     ExpPrim (PString _) -> Right a
     ExpPrim p -> Left p
+    ReadVar v | noDeps -> Left (PrimVar (varRate v) v)
     _         -> Right a
+    where noDeps = isNothing $ ratedExpDepends $ unFix a
 
 -- Expressions with inlining.
 type Exp a = MainExp (PrimOr a)
@@ -208,6 +214,9 @@
     | PrimDouble Double 
     | PrimString String 
     | PrimInstrId InstrId
+    | PrimVar 
+        { primVarTargetRate :: Rate 
+        , primVar           :: Var }
     deriving (Show, Eq, Ord)
 
 -- Gen routine.