packages feed

array-forth (empty) → 0.2.0.2

raw patch · 14 files changed

+1532/−0 lines, 14 filesdep +MonadRandomdep +OddWorddep +array-forthsetup-changed

Dependencies added: MonadRandom, OddWord, array-forth, base, mcmc-synthesis, split, vector

Files

+ LICENSE view
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+ Setup.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@+import Distribution.Simple+main = defaultMain
+ array-forth.cabal view
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@+-- Initial arrayForth.cabal generated by cabal init.  For further +-- documentation, see http://haskell.org/cabal/users-guide/++-- The name of the package.+name:                array-forth++-- The package version.  See the Haskell package versioning policy (PVP) +-- for standards guiding when and how versions should be incremented.+-- http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/Package_versioning_policy+-- PVP summary:      +-+------- breaking API changes+--                   | | +----- non-breaking API additions+--                   | | | +--- code changes with no API change+version:             0.2.0.2++-- A short (one-line) description of the package.+synopsis:            A simple interpreter for arrayForth, the language used on GreenArrays chips.++description:         This is a package for working with arrayForth. This is a variant of Forth used by GreenArrays chips. This package contains an arrayForth simulator, two different representations of arrayForth programs and some utilities like parsing. ++                     It also supports synthesizing arrayForth programs using MCMC. The basic idea is to find arrayForth programs by taking a simple prior distribution of programs and using a randomized hill-climbing algorithm to find a program fulfilling certain tests.++-- A longer description of the package.+-- description:         ++-- The license under which the package is released.+license:             GPL-3++-- The file containing the license text.+license-file:        LICENSE++-- The package author(s).+author:              Tikhon Jelvis <tikhon@jelv.is>++-- An email address to which users can send suggestions, bug reports, and +-- patches.+maintainer:          tikhon@jelv.is++-- A copyright notice.+-- copyright:           ++category:            Language++build-type:          Simple++-- Constraint on the version of Cabal needed to build this package.+cabal-version:       >=1.8++source-repository head+  type:           git+  location:       git://github.com/TikhonJelvis/array-forth.git++library+  -- Modules exported by the library.+  exposed-modules:     Language.ArrayForth.Distance, +                       Language.ArrayForth.Interpreter,+                       Language.ArrayForth.NativeProgram,+                       Language.ArrayForth.Opcode,+                       Language.ArrayForth.Parse,+                       Language.ArrayForth.Program,+                       Language.ArrayForth.Stack,+                       Language.ArrayForth.State,+                       Language.ArrayForth.Synthesis+  +  hs-source-dirs:      src+  -- Modules included in this library but not exported.+  -- other-modules:       +  +  -- Other library packages from which modules are imported.+  build-depends:       base ==4.5.*, mcmc-synthesis >=0.1, MonadRandom ==0.1.*,+                       OddWord >=1.0.0, split ==0.1.*, vector ==0.9.*+  GHC-options:         -Wall -funbox-strict-fields -fno-warn-orphans -rtsopts++executable mcmc-demo+  Main-is:             src/Main.hs+  build-depends:       base ==4.5.*, mcmc-synthesis >=0.1, array-forth,+                       MonadRandom ==0.1.*+  GHC-options:         -Wall -rtsopts++executable array-forth+  Main-is:             src/Run.hs+  build-depends:       base ==4.5.*, vector ==0.9.*, split ==0.1.*, array-forth+  GHC-options:         -Wall -rtsopts
+ src/Language/ArrayForth/Distance.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@+module Language.ArrayForth.Distance where++import           Data.Bits                  (Bits, popCount, xor)++import           Language.ArrayForth.Opcode (F18Word)+import           Language.ArrayForth.State++-- | A function that computes a measure of "distance" between two+-- states. The larger the returned number, the more different the+-- states.+type Distance = State -> State -> Double++-- | Counts the number of bits that differ between two numbers.+countBits :: (Integral n, Bits n) => n -> n -> Int+countBits n₁ n₂ = popCount $ (fromIntegral n₁ :: Int) `xor` fromIntegral n₂++-- | Return a distance function that counts the different bits between+-- the given registers. You could use it like `compareRegisters [s, t]`.+registers :: [State -> F18Word] -> Distance+registers regs s₁ s₂ = fromIntegral . sum $ zipWith countBits (go s₁) (go s₂)+  where go state = map ($ state) regs++-- | Returns a distance function that counts the different bits+-- between the given memory locations.+locations :: [F18Word] -> Distance+locations addresses s₁ s₂ = fromIntegral . sum $ zipWith countBits (go s₁) (go s₂)+  where go state = map (memory state !) addresses++-- | Combines multiple distance functions to create a new one, by+-- summing the different distances.+distances :: [Distance] -> Distance+distances dists s₁ s₂ = sum [dist s₁ s₂ | dist <- dists]
+ src/Language/ArrayForth/Interpreter.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@+{-# LANGUAGE NamedFieldPuns #-}+module Language.ArrayForth.Interpreter where++import           Data.Bits                         (bit, bitSize, complement,+                                                    shift, testBit, xor, (.&.),+                                                    (.|.))++import           Language.ArrayForth.NativeProgram+import           Language.ArrayForth.Opcode+import           Language.ArrayForth.State++-- | Runs a single word's worth of instructions starting from the given state.+word :: Instrs -> State -> State+word (Instrs a b c d) state   = let s₁ = execute a state+                                    s₂ = if endWord a then s₁ else execute b s₁+                                    s₃ = if endWord a || endWord b+                                         then s₂ else execute c s₂ in+                                if endWord a || endWord b || endWord c then s₃ else execute d s₃+word (Jump3 a b c addr) state = let s₁ = execute a state+                                    s₂ = if endWord a then s₁ else execute b s₁ in+                                if endWord a || endWord b then s₂ else jump c addr s₂+word (Jump2 a b addr) state   = let s' = execute a state in+                                if endWord a then s' else jump b addr s'+word (Jump1 a addr) state     = jump a addr state+word (Constant _) _           = error "Cannot execute a constant!"++-- | Executes a single instruction in the given state, incrementing+-- the program counter.+step :: State -> State+step state@State {p} = word (next state) $ state {p = p + 1, i = toBits $ next state}++-- | Returns a trace of the program's execution. The trace is a list+-- of the state of the chip after each step.+traceProgram :: State -> [State]+traceProgram = iterate step++-- | Trace a program until it either hits four nops or all 0s.+stepProgram :: State -> [State]+stepProgram = takeWhile (not . done) . traceProgram+  where done state = i state == 0x39ce7 || i state == 0++-- | Runs the program unil it hits a terminal state, returning only+-- the resulting state.+eval :: State -> State+eval state = last $ state : stepProgram state++-- | Executes the specified program on the given state until it hits a+-- "terminal" word--a word made up of four nops or all 0s.+runNativeProgram :: State -> NativeProgram -> State+runNativeProgram start program = eval $ setProgram 0 program start++-- | Estimates the execution time of a program trace.+countTime :: [State] -> Double+countTime = runningTime . map (fromBits . i)++-- | Checks that the program trace terminated in at most n steps,+-- returning Nothing otherwise.+throttle :: Int -> [State] -> Either [State] [State]+throttle n state | null res       = Right [startState]+                 | length res == n = Left res+                 | otherwise      = Right res+  where res = take n state++-- | Does the given opcode cause the current word to stop executing?+endWord :: Opcode -> Bool+endWord = (`elem` [Ret, Exec, Jmp, Call, Unext, Next, If, MinusIf])++-- | Executes an opcode on the given state.+execute :: Opcode -> State -> State+execute op state@State {a, b, p, r, s, t, memory} = case op of+  Ret          -> fst . rpop $ state {p = r}+  Exec         -> state {r = p, p = r}+  Unext        -> if r == 0 then fst $ rpop state else state {r = r - 1, p = p - 1}+  FetchP       -> dpush (state {p = p + 1}) $ memory ! p+  FetchPlus    -> dpush (state {a = a + 1}) $ memory ! a+  FetchB       -> dpush state $ memory ! b+  Fetch        -> dpush state $ memory ! a+  StoreP       -> state' {p = p + 1, memory = set memory p top}+  StorePlus    -> state' {a = a + 1, memory = set memory a top}+  StoreB       -> state' {memory = set memory b top}+  Store        -> state' {memory = set memory a top}+  MultiplyStep -> multiplyStep+  Times2       -> state {t = t `shift` 1}+  Div2         -> state {t = t `shift` (-1)}+  Not          -> state {t = complement t}+  Plus         -> state' {t = s + t}+  And          -> state' {t = s .&. t}+  Or           -> state' {t = s `xor` t}+  Drop         -> fst $ dpop state+  Dup          -> dpush state t+  Pop          -> let (s', res) = rpop state in dpush s' res+  Over         -> dpush state s+  ReadA        -> dpush state a+  Nop          -> state+  Push         -> rpush state' top+  SetB         -> state' {b = top}+  SetA         -> state' {a = top}+  _            -> error "Cannot jump without an address!"+  where (state', top) = dpop state+        multiplyStep+          | even a    = let t0  = (t .&. 1) `shift` (bitSize t - 1) in+                        state { a = t0 .|. a `shift` (-1)+                              , t = t .&. bit 17 .|. t `shift` (-1)}+          | otherwise = let sum0 = (s + t) `shift` (bitSize t - 1)+                            sum17 = (s + t) .&. bit 17 in+                        state { a = sum0 .|. a `shift` (-1)+                              , t = sum17 .|. (s + t) `shift` (-1) }++-- | Execute a jump instruction to the given address.+jump :: Opcode -> F18Word -> State -> State+jump op addr state@State{p, r, t} = case op of+  Jmp     -> state {p = addr}+  Call    -> (rpush state p) {p = addr}+  Next    -> if r == 0 then fst $ rpop state else state {r = r - 1, p = addr}+  If      -> if t /= 0 then state {p = addr} else state+  MinusIf -> if t `testBit` pred (bitSize (0 :: F18Word)) then state else state {p = addr}+  _       -> error "Non-jump instruction given a jump address!"
+ src/Language/ArrayForth/NativeProgram.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@+{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances    #-}+{-# LANGUAGE OverlappingInstances #-}+{-# LANGUAGE TypeSynonymInstances #-}+module Language.ArrayForth.NativeProgram where++import           Control.Applicative        ((<$>), (<*>))+import           Control.Monad              ((<=<))++import           Data.Bits                  (shift, (.&.), (.|.))+import           Data.List.Split            (chunk, keepDelimsR, split, whenElt)+import           Data.String                (IsString, fromString)++import           Language.ArrayForth.Opcode+import           Language.ArrayForth.Parse++-- | Represents a word in memory. This word can either contain+-- opcodes, opcodes and a jump address or just a constant number.+data Instrs = Instrs Opcode Opcode Opcode Opcode+            | Jump3 Opcode Opcode Opcode F18Word+            | Jump2 Opcode Opcode F18Word+            | Jump1 Opcode F18Word+            | Constant F18Word deriving (Eq)++instance Show Instrs where+  show (Instrs a b c d)   = unwords $ map show [a, b, c, d]+  show (Jump3 a b c addr) = unwords (map show [a, b, c]) ++ " " ++ show addr+  show (Jump2 a b addr)   = unwords (map show [a, b]) ++ " " ++ show addr+  show (Jump1 a addr)     = show a ++ " " ++ show addr+  show (Constant n)       = show n+  showList = (++) . unwords . map show++-- | A program in the F18A instruction set.+type NativeProgram = [Instrs]++-- | Splits a list into chunks of at most four, breaking off a chunk+-- whenever it sees an element matching the given predicate. This is+-- useful for splitting a program along word boundaries, accounting+-- for jump addresses.+splitWords :: (a -> Bool) -> [a] -> [[a]]+splitWords isNum = chunk 4 <=< split (keepDelimsR $ whenElt isNum)++-- | Read a whole program, splitting instructions up into words.+readNativeProgram :: String -> Either ParseError NativeProgram+readNativeProgram = mapM go . splitWords isNumber . words+  where go [a, b, c, d] = do c' <- readOpcode c+                             if not $ isJump c'+                               then Instrs <$> op a <*> op b <*> op c <*> op3 d+                               else Jump3 <$> op a <*> op b <*> jump c <*> readWord d+        go [a, b, c]    = Jump2 <$> op a <*> jump b <*> readWord c+        go [a, b]       = Jump1 <$> jump a <*> readWord b+        go [a]          = Constant <$> readWord a+        go _            = error "Wrong number of instruction tokens!"+        wrap cond err str = do code <- readOpcode str+                               if cond code then Right code else Left $ err code+        op = wrap (not . isJump) $ NoAddr . show+        op3 = wrap slot3 $ NotSlot3 . show+        jump = wrap isJump $ NotJump . show++instance Read NativeProgram where+  readsPrec _ str = [(result, "")]+    where result = case readNativeProgram str of+            Right res -> res+            Left  err -> error $ show err++instance IsString NativeProgram where fromString = read++-- | Returns the given instructions as an actual word. This assumes+-- the address is sized appropriately.+toBits :: Instrs -> F18Word+toBits (Instrs a b c d)   = fromOpcode a `shift` 13 .|. fromOpcode b `shift` 8  .|.+                            fromOpcode c `shift` 3  .|. fromOpcode d `shift` (-2)+toBits (Jump3 a b c addr) = fromOpcode a `shift` 13 .|. fromOpcode b `shift` 8  .|.+                            fromOpcode c `shift` 3  .|. addr+toBits (Jump2 a b addr)   = fromOpcode a `shift` 13 .|. fromOpcode b `shift` 8  .|. addr+toBits (Jump1 a addr)     = fromOpcode a `shift` 13 .|. addr+toBits (Constant n)       = n++-- | Reads in a word as a set of opcodes.+fromBits :: F18Word -> Instrs+fromBits n | isJump a  = Jump1 a     $ n .&. 0x3FF+           | isJump b  = Jump2 a b   $ n .&. 0xFF+           | isJump c  = Jump3 a b c $ n .&. 0x7+           | otherwise = Instrs a b c d+  where a = toOpcode $ n `shift` (-13)+        b = toOpcode $ n `shift` (-8) .&. 0x1F+        c = toOpcode $ n `shift` (-3) .&. 0x1F+        d = toOpcode $ (n .&. 0x7) `shift` 2++-- | Returns the opcodes in the given instruction word. A constant+-- corresponds to not having any opcodes.+toOpcodes :: Instrs -> [Opcode]+toOpcodes (Instrs a b c d) = [a, b, c, d]+toOpcodes (Jump3 a b c _)  = [a, b, c]+toOpcodes (Jump2 a b _)    = [a, b]+toOpcodes (Jump1 a _)      = [a]+toOpcodes Constant{}       = []++-- | Estimates the running time of the program in nanoseconds. This is+-- based on the numbers provided in the manual: faster instructions+-- take 1.5 nanoseconds and slower ones take 5. For now, this estimate+-- ignores control flow like ifs and loops.+runningTime :: NativeProgram -> Double+runningTime = sum . map opcodeTime . reverse . dropWhile (== Nop) . reverse . concatMap toOpcodes
+ src/Language/ArrayForth/Opcode.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@+module Language.ArrayForth.Opcode where++import           Data.List                 (elemIndex)+import           Data.Word.Odd             (Word18)++import           Language.ArrayForth.Parse (ParseError (..))++-- | The 18-bit word type used by Greenarrays chips.+type F18Word = Word18++-- | Each F18A instruction, ordered by opcode.+data Opcode = Ret                -- ;+            | Exec               -- ex+            | Jmp                -- name ;+            | Call               -- name+            | Unext              -- unext+            | Next               -- next+            | If                 -- if+            | MinusIf            -- -if+            | FetchP             -- @p+            | FetchPlus          -- @++            | FetchB             -- @b+            | Fetch              -- @+            | StoreP             -- !p+            | StorePlus          -- !++            | StoreB             -- !b+            | Store              -- !+            | MultiplyStep       -- +*+            | Times2             -- 2*+            | Div2               -- 2/+            | Not                -- -+            | Plus               -- ++            | And                -- and+            | Or                 -- or+            | Drop               -- drop+            | Dup                -- dup+            | Pop                -- pop+            | Over               -- over+            | ReadA              -- a+            | Nop                -- .+            | Push               -- push+            | SetB               -- b!+            | SetA               -- a!+            deriving (Eq, Bounded, Enum)++-- | The names of the different instructions, ordered by opcode.+names :: [String]+names = [";", "ex", "jump", "call", "unext", "next", "if", "-if", "@p", "@+", "@b", "@",+         "!p", "!+", "!b", "!", "+*", "2*", "2/", "-", "+", "and", "or", "drop", "dup",+         "pop", "over", "a", ".", "push", "b!", "a!"]++-- | All of the opcodes, in order.+opcodes :: [Opcode]+opcodes = [minBound..maxBound]++instance Show Opcode where show op = names !! fromEnum op++-- | Tries to read a given string as an opcode from the list of names.+readOpcode :: String -> Either ParseError Opcode+readOpcode token = case elemIndex token names of+  Just res -> Right $ toEnum res+  Nothing  -> Left  $ BadOpcode token++instance Read Opcode where readsPrec _ str = case readOpcode str of+                             Left err -> error $ show err+                             Right r  -> [(r, "")]++-- | Converts a word to an opcode. The word has to be < 32.+toOpcode :: F18Word -> Opcode+toOpcode = toEnum . fromIntegral++-- | Converts an Opcode to its 18-bit word representation.+fromOpcode :: Opcode -> F18Word+fromOpcode = fromIntegral . fromEnum++-- | Returns whether the given opcode is a jump instruction expecting+-- an address.+isJump :: Opcode -> Bool+isJump = (`elem` [Jmp, Call, Next, If, MinusIf])++-- | Can the given opcode go in the last slot?+slot3 :: Opcode -> Bool+slot3 = (`elem` [Ret, MultiplyStep, Unext, Plus, FetchP, Dup, StoreP, Nop])++-- | Estimates how long a given opcode will take to execute. Normal+-- opcodes take 1.5 nanoseconds where ones that access the memory take+-- 5 nanoseconds.+opcodeTime :: Opcode -> Double+opcodeTime op = if memoryOp op then 5 else 1.5+  where memoryOp = (`elem` [FetchP, FetchPlus, FetchB, Fetch, StoreP,+                            StorePlus, StoreB, Store])
+ src/Language/ArrayForth/Parse.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@+module Language.ArrayForth.Parse (ParseError (..), isNumber, readWord) where++import           Text.Printf                       (printf)++-- | Possible ways the input string can be malformed.+data ParseError = BadOpcode String+                | NotSlot3 String+                | NotJump String+                | NoAddr String+                | BadNumber String++instance Show ParseError where+  show (BadOpcode op) = printf "Invalid opcode `%s'." op+  show (NotSlot3 op)  = printf "`%s' cannot go into the last slot." op+  show (NotJump op)   =+    printf "`%s' is not a jump instruction and cannot get an address." op+  show (NoAddr op)    = printf "Missing a jump address for `%s'" op+  show (BadNumber n)  = printf "`%s' is not a valid number." n++-- | Is the given string a valid number with no other tokens?+isNumber :: String -> Bool+isNumber str = let asNumber = reads str :: [(Integer, String)] in+          not (null asNumber) && (null . snd $ head asNumber)++-- | Tries to read a word, giving an error if it fails.+readWord :: Read a => String -> Either ParseError a+readWord str = case reads str of+          (x, _) : _ -> Right x+          []         -> Left $ BadNumber str
+ src/Language/ArrayForth/Program.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@+{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances    #-}+{-# LANGUAGE OverlappingInstances #-}+{-# LANGUAGE TypeSynonymInstances #-}+module Language.ArrayForth.Program where++import           Control.Monad                     ((<=<))++import           Data.Functor                      ((<$>))+import           Data.List                         (find, (\\))+import           Data.String                       (IsString, fromString)++import           Language.ArrayForth.Interpreter+import           Language.ArrayForth.NativeProgram+import           Language.ArrayForth.Opcode+import qualified Language.ArrayForth.Parse         as P+import           Language.ArrayForth.State         (State, setProgram)++data Addr = Concrete F18Word | Abstract String deriving Eq++instance Show Addr where+  show (Concrete n) = show n+  show (Abstract s) = ':' : s++-- | Represents a single instruction as viewed by the+-- synthesizer. This can be an opcode, a numeric literal or a token+-- representing an unused slot.+data Instruction = Opcode Opcode+                 | Jump Opcode Addr+                 | Number F18Word+                 | Label String+                 | Unused deriving Eq++-- | A program to be manipulated by the MCMC synthesizer+type Program = [Instruction]++instance Show Instruction where+  show (Opcode op)    = show op+  show (Jump op addr) = show op ++ " " ++ show addr+  show (Number n)     = show n+  show (Label s)      = ':' : s+  show Unused         = "_"+  showList = (++) . unwords . map show++-- | Tries to parse the given string as an instruction, which can+-- either be a number, an opcode or "_" representing Unused.+readInstruction :: String -> Either P.ParseError Instruction+readInstruction "_"                  = Right Unused+readInstruction (':':label)          = Right $ Label label+readInstruction str | P.isNumber str = Number <$> P.readWord str+                    | otherwise      = Opcode <$> readOpcode str++-- | Reads a program in the synthesizer's format.+readProgram :: String -> Either P.ParseError Program+readProgram = fixJumps <=< mapM readInstruction . words+  where fixJumps [] = Right []+        fixJumps (Opcode op : rest) | isJump op = case rest of+          Number n : program -> (Jump op (Concrete n) :) <$> fixJumps program+          Label s : program  -> (Jump op (Abstract s) :) <$> fixJumps program+          _                  -> Left . P.NoAddr $ show op+        fixJumps (good : rest) = (good :) <$> fixJumps rest++instance Read Program where+  readsPrec _ str = [(result, "")]+    where result = case readProgram str of+            Right res -> res+            Left  err -> error $ show err++instance IsString Program where fromString = read++-- | Takes a program as handled by the synthesizer and makes it native+-- by turning literal numbers into @p and fixing any issues with+-- instructions going into the last slot as well as prepending+-- nops before + instructions.+toNative :: Program -> NativeProgram+toNative = (>>= toInstrs) . splitWords bound . fixSlot3 . (>>= nopsPlus) . labels . filter (/= Unused)+  where labels program = map convert $ filter (not . label) program+          where label Label{} = True+                label _       = False+                values = go 0 program+                go _ []                  = []+                go n (Label name : rest) = (name, n) : go n rest+                go n (_ : rest)          = go (n + 1) rest+                convert (Jump op (Abstract l)) = maybe (error $ "Unknown label " ++ l)+                                                 (Jump op . Concrete) $ lookup l values+                convert x                      = x+        nop = Opcode Nop+        bound Jump{} = True+        bound _      = False+        nopsPlus (Opcode Plus) = [nop, Opcode Plus]+        nopsPlus x             = [x]+        fixSlot3 program+          | length program < 4 = program+          | validOp4           = take 4 program ++ fixSlot3 (drop 4 program)+          | otherwise          = take 3 program ++ [nop] ++ fixSlot3 (drop 3 program)+          where validOp4 = case program !! 3 of Opcode op -> slot3 op+                                                Number{}  -> True+                                                _         -> False+        toInstrs ls = let (ops, numbers) = addFetchP ls in+          convert ops : map (\ (Number n) -> Constant n) numbers+        addFetchP [] = ([], [])+        addFetchP (n@Number{} : rest) =+          let (instrs, consts) = addFetchP rest in (Opcode FetchP : instrs, n : consts)+        addFetchP (instr : rest) =+          let (instrs, consts) = addFetchP rest in (instr : instrs, consts)+        convert [Opcode a, Opcode b, Opcode c, Opcode d] = Instrs a b c d+        convert [Opcode a, Opcode b, Jump c addr]        = Jump3 a b c $ concrete addr+        convert [Opcode a, Jump b addr]                  = Jump2 a b $ concrete addr+        convert [Jump a addr]                            = Jump1 a $ concrete addr+        convert instrs                                   = convert . take 4 $ instrs ++ repeat nop+        concrete Abstract{}      = error "Need concrete address at this stage."+        concrete (Concrete addr) = addr++-- | Gets a synthesizer program from a native program. Currently does+-- not support jumps.+fromNative :: NativeProgram -> Program+fromNative = fixNumbers . concatMap extract+  where extract (Instrs a b c d)   = [Opcode a, Opcode b, Opcode c, Opcode d]+        extract (Jump3 a b c addr) = [Opcode a, Opcode b, Jump c $ Concrete addr]+        extract (Jump2 a b addr)   = [Opcode a, Jump b $ Concrete addr]+        extract (Jump1 a addr)     = [Jump a $ Concrete addr]+        extract (Constant n)       = [Number n]+        fixNumbers [] = []+        fixNumbers (Opcode FetchP : rest) = case find isNumber rest of+          Just n  -> n : (fixNumbers $ rest \\ [n])+          Nothing -> Opcode FetchP : fixNumbers rest+        fixNumbers (x : rest)   = x : fixNumbers rest+        isNumber Number{} = True+        isNumber _        = False++-- | Runs a given program from the default starting state.+runProgram :: State -> Program -> State+runProgram start = runNativeProgram start . toNative++-- | Loads the given synthesizer-friendly program into the given+-- state.+load :: Program -> State -> State+load prog state = setProgram 0 (toNative prog) state
+ src/Language/ArrayForth/Stack.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@+{-# LANGUAGE BangPatterns #-}+module Language.ArrayForth.Stack (empty, push, pop, fill, Stack) where++import           Prelude                    hiding ((++))++import           Data.List                  (foldl')+import           Data.Vector.Unboxed        ((!), (++))+import qualified Data.Vector.Unboxed        as V++import           Language.ArrayForth.Opcode (F18Word)++newtype Stack = Stack (V.Vector Int) deriving (Eq)++instance Show Stack where show (Stack body) = unwords . map show $ V.toList body++-- | A stack containing only 0s.+empty :: Stack+empty = Stack $ V.replicate 8 0++-- | Pushes the given element on top of the stack, discarding the last element.+push :: Stack -> F18Word -> Stack+push !(Stack body) word = Stack . V.cons (fromIntegral word) $ V.init body++-- | Pops the top of the stack, returning the value and the new stack.+pop :: Stack -> (Stack, F18Word)+pop !(Stack body) = let x = V.take 1 body in (Stack $ V.tail body ++ x, fromIntegral $ x ! 0)++-- | Push the given elements onto the stack one-by-one.+fill ::  Stack -> [F18Word] -> Stack+fill = foldl' push+
+ src/Language/ArrayForth/State.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@+{-# LANGUAGE NamedFieldPuns #-}+module Language.ArrayForth.State where++import           Data.Functor                      ((<$>))+import           Data.Vector.Unboxed               (Vector, (//))+import qualified Data.Vector.Unboxed               as V++import           Text.Printf                       (printf)++import           Language.ArrayForth.NativeProgram+import           Language.ArrayForth.Opcode        (F18Word)+import           Language.ArrayForth.Stack++-- | The chip's RAM and ROM+type Memory = Vector Int++emptyMem :: Memory+emptyMem = V.replicate 64 0++-- | A state representing the registers, stacks and memory of a core.+data State =+  State { a, b, i, p, r, s, t    :: !F18Word+        , dataStack, returnStack :: !Stack+        , memory                 :: !Memory  }++instance Show State where+  show State {p, a, b, r, s, t, dataStack} =+           printf "p:%s a:%s b:%s r:%s\n %s %s %s" p' a' b' r' t' s' (show dataStack)+    where [p', a', b', r', s', t'] = map show [p, a, b, r, s, t]++-- | The state corresponding to a core with no programs loaded and no+-- instructions executed.+startState :: State+startState = State 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 empty empty emptyMem++-- | The next word of instructions to execute in the given state.+next :: State -> Instrs+next State {memory, p} = fromBits $ memory ! p++-- | Pops the data stack of the given state, updating s and t.+dpop :: State -> (State, F18Word)+dpop state@State {s, t, dataStack} =+  let (ds', res) = pop dataStack in (state {t = s, s = res, dataStack = ds'}, t)++-- | Push a word onto the data stack, updating s and t.+dpush :: State -> F18Word -> State+dpush state@State {s, t, dataStack} word =+  state {t = word, s = t, dataStack = push dataStack s}++-- | Pops the return stack of the given state, updating r.+rpop :: State -> (State, F18Word)+rpop state@State {r, returnStack} =+  let (rs', res) = pop returnStack in (state {r = res, returnStack = rs'}, r)++-- | Push a word onto the return stack, updating r.+rpush :: State -> F18Word -> State+rpush state@State {r, returnStack} word =+  state {r = word, returnStack = push returnStack r}++-- | Force an address to be in range of memory: [0,64).+toMem :: (Integral a, Integral b) => a -> b+toMem = fromIntegral . (`mod` 64)++-- | Read the memory at a location given by a Forth word.+(!) :: Memory -> F18Word -> F18Word+memory ! i | toMem i < V.length memory = fromIntegral $ memory V.! toMem i+           | otherwise                 = error "Memory out of bounds."++-- | Set the memory using Forth words.+set :: Memory -> F18Word -> F18Word -> Memory+set mem index value = mem // [(toMem index, fromIntegral $ value)]++-- | Loads the given program into memory at the given starting+-- position.+setProgram :: F18Word -> NativeProgram -> State -> State+setProgram start program state@State {memory} = state' {i = toBits $ next state'}+  where state' = state {memory = memory // prog}+        prog = zip [toMem start..] (fromIntegral . toBits <$> program)
+ src/Language/ArrayForth/Synthesis.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@+{-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances    #-}+{-# LANGUAGE NamedFieldPuns       #-}+{-# LANGUAGE OverlappingInstances #-}+{-# LANGUAGE ScopedTypeVariables  #-}+{-# LANGUAGE TypeSynonymInstances #-}+module Language.ArrayForth.Synthesis where++import           Control.Arrow                   (first)+import           Control.Monad.Random            (Random, random, randomR)++import           Data.Functor                    ((<$>))+import           Data.List                       (genericLength, (\\))++import           Language.ArrayForth.Distance+import           Language.ArrayForth.Interpreter+import           Language.ArrayForth.Opcode+import           Language.ArrayForth.Program+import           Language.ArrayForth.State++import           Language.Synthesis.Distribution (Distr (..), mix,+                                                  negativeInfinity, randInt,+                                                  uniform)+import           Language.Synthesis.Mutations    hiding (mix)+import qualified Language.Synthesis.Mutations    as M++-- | Given a specification program and some inputs, evaluate a program+-- against the specification for both performance and correctness.+evaluate :: Program -> [State] -> Distance -> Program -> Double+evaluate spec inputs score program =+  0.1 * (10 * sum correctness + sum performance / genericLength inputs)+  where specs = stepProgram . load spec <$> inputs+        progs = stepProgram . load program <$> inputs+        cases = zip3 (last <$> specs) (length <$> specs) (countTime <$> specs)+        (correctness, performance) = unzip $ zipWith test progs cases+        test prog (output, steps, time) = case throttle steps prog of+          Right res -> calc res+          Left res  -> let (a, b) = calc res in (a - 1e10, b - 1e10)+          where calc res = (-score output (last res), time - countTime res)++-- I need this so that I can get a distribution over Forth words.+instance Random F18Word where+  randomR (start, end) gen =+    first fromInteger $ randomR (fromIntegral start, fromIntegral end) gen+  random = randomR (0, maxBound)++-- | The default distribution of instructions. For now, we do not+-- support any sort of jumps. All the other possible instructions+-- along with constant numbers and unused slots are equally+-- likely. The numeric value of constants is currently a uniform+-- distribution over 18-bit words.+defaultOps :: Distr Instruction+defaultOps = mix [(constants, 1.0), (uniform [Unused], 1.0),+                  (uniform instrs, genericLength instrs)]+  where instrs = map Opcode $ filter (not . isJump) opcodes \\ [Unext, Exec, Ret]+        constants = let Distr {sample, logProbability} = randInt (0, maxBound)+                        logProb (Number n) = logProbability n+                        logProb _          = negativeInfinity in+                    Distr { sample = Number <$> sample+                          , logProbability = logProb }++-- | The default mutations to try. For now, this will either change an+-- instruction or swap two instructions in the program, with equal+-- probability.+defaultMutations :: Mutation Program+defaultMutations = M.mix [(mutateInstruction defaultOps, 1), (swapInstructions, 1)]
+ src/Main.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@+module Main where++import           Control.Monad.Random            (evalRandIO)++import           Data.List                       (find)++import           Language.ArrayForth.Distance    (Distance, registers)+import           Language.ArrayForth.Interpreter (eval)+import           Language.ArrayForth.Parse       ()+import           Language.ArrayForth.Program     (Program, load)+import           Language.ArrayForth.State       (State (..), startState)+import           Language.ArrayForth.Synthesis   (defaultMutations, defaultOps,+                                                  evaluate)++import qualified Language.Synthesis.Distribution as Distr+import           Language.Synthesis.Synthesis    (Problem (..), runningBest,+                                                  synthesizeMhList)++main :: IO ()+main = verbose++good :: (Program, Double) -> Bool+good (_, val) = val >= 0.5++verbose :: IO ()+verbose = do ls <- evalRandIO (synthesizeMhList inclusiveOr)+             mapM_ print . zip ls . takeWhile (not . good) $ runningBest ls++run :: IO ()+run = evalRandIO (synthesizeMhList inclusiveOr) >>= print . find good . runningBest++test :: Distance -> String -> String -> State -> Double+test distance p₁ p₂ input = let r₁ = eval $ load (read p₁) input+                                r₂ = eval $ load (read p₂) input in+                            distance r₁ r₂++inclusiveOr :: Problem Program+inclusiveOr = Problem { score = evaluate program cases distance+                      , prior = Distr.replicate 8 defaultOps+                      , jump  = defaultMutations }+  where program = read "over over or a! and a or"+        cases = [startState {t = 0, s = 123}, startState {t = maxBound, s = 123},+                 startState {t = 1, s = 123}, startState {t = maxBound - 1, s = 123}]+        distance = registers [t]
+ src/Run.hs view
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@+{-# LANGUAGE NamedFieldPuns #-}+module Main where++import           Data.Functor                    ((<$))+import           Data.List.Split                 (chunk)+import qualified Data.Vector.Unboxed             as V++import           Language.ArrayForth.Interpreter (eval, runNativeProgram)+import           Language.ArrayForth.Parse       (isNumber)+import           Language.ArrayForth.Program     (toNative, readProgram)+import           Language.ArrayForth.State       (State (..), setProgram,+                                                  startState)++import           System.Environment              (getArgs)+import           System.IO                       (hFlush, stdout)++import           Text.Printf                     (printf)++main :: IO ()+main = do args <- getArgs+          case args of+            []     -> repl+            [file] -> readFile file >>= print . runNativeProgram startState . read+            _      -> putStrLn $ "Too many arguments!"++repl :: IO ()+repl = go 0 startState+  where go loc state =+          do inp <- putStr "λ>" >> hFlush stdout >> getLine+             case inp of+               [':']          -> putStrLn "Please specify a command!" >> go loc state+               ':' : commands -> let command : args = words commands in+                 run command args >>= uncurry go+               program        -> execute $ readProgram program+          where execute (Left err)      = print err >> go loc state+                execute (Right program) = print res >> go p res+                  where res@State {p} = eval $ setProgram loc (toNative program) state+                run "reset" _   = (0, startState) <$ print startState+                run "p" args+                  | null args || not (isNumber $ head args) =+                    (loc, state) <$ putStrLn "Invalid arguments!"+                  | otherwise = let n = read $ head args in+                    (n, state { p = n }) <$ print state { p = n }+                run cmd args  = (loc, state) <$ continue cmd args+                continue "memory" _ = mapM_ print . chunk 8 . V.toList $ memory state+                continue cmd _      = printf "Unknown command `%s'!\n" cmd