diff --git a/Biobase/Primary/AA.hs b/Biobase/Primary/AA.hs
--- a/Biobase/Primary/AA.hs
+++ b/Biobase/Primary/AA.hs
@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
 
--- | This module has the translation tables for the genetic code. We do
--- have a symbol 'Undef' for undefined amino acids (say because of @N@s in
--- the nucleotide code).
+-- | This module has the translation tables for the genetic code.
+--
+-- In addition, @Any@ is included to denote that any amino acid is ok, and
+-- @Unknown@ to denote unknown data.  We do have a symbol 'Undef' for undefined
+-- amino acids, which denotes error condition.
+--
+-- TODO this nomenclature might change!
 
 module Biobase.Primary.AA where
 
@@ -14,7 +18,6 @@
 import           Data.Tuple (swap)
 import           Data.Vector.Unboxed.Deriving
 import           GHC.Base (remInt,quotInt)
-import qualified GHC.Exts as GHC
 import           GHC.Generics (Generic)
 import qualified Data.Bijection.HashMap as B
 import qualified Data.ByteString.Char8 as BS
@@ -25,77 +28,87 @@
 import qualified Data.Vector.Generic as VG
 import qualified Data.Vector.Generic.Mutable as VGM
 import qualified Data.Vector.Unboxed as VU
+import qualified GHC.Exts as GHC
 
+import Biobase.Types.BioSequence
+import Data.Info
+
 import           Biobase.Primary.Letter
 
 
 
--- | Amino acid phantom type.
-
-data AA
-
-pattern  Stop = Letter  0 :: Letter AA
-pattern     A = Letter  1 :: Letter AA
-pattern     B = Letter  2 :: Letter AA
-pattern     C = Letter  3 :: Letter AA
-pattern     D = Letter  4 :: Letter AA
-pattern     E = Letter  5 :: Letter AA
-pattern     F = Letter  6 :: Letter AA
-pattern     G = Letter  7 :: Letter AA
-pattern     H = Letter  8 :: Letter AA
-pattern     I = Letter  9 :: Letter AA
-pattern     K = Letter 10 :: Letter AA
-pattern     L = Letter 11 :: Letter AA
-pattern     M = Letter 12 :: Letter AA
-pattern     N = Letter 13 :: Letter AA
-pattern     P = Letter 14 :: Letter AA
-pattern     Q = Letter 15 :: Letter AA
-pattern     R = Letter 16 :: Letter AA
-pattern     S = Letter 17 :: Letter AA
-pattern     T = Letter 18 :: Letter AA
-pattern     V = Letter 19 :: Letter AA
-pattern     W = Letter 20 :: Letter AA
-pattern     X = Letter 21 :: Letter AA
-pattern     Y = Letter 22 :: Letter AA
-pattern     Z = Letter 23 :: Letter AA
-pattern Undef = Letter 24 :: Letter AA
-
+pattern  Stop   = Letter  0 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     A   = Letter  1 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     B   = Letter  2 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     C   = Letter  3 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     D   = Letter  4 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     E   = Letter  5 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     F   = Letter  6 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     G   = Letter  7 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     H   = Letter  8 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     I   = Letter  9 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     K   = Letter 10 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     L   = Letter 11 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     M   = Letter 12 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     N   = Letter 13 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     P   = Letter 14 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     Q   = Letter 15 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     R   = Letter 16 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     S   = Letter 17 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     T   = Letter 18 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     V   = Letter 19 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     W   = Letter 20 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     X   = Letter 21 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     Y   = Letter 22 :: Letter AA n
+pattern     Z   = Letter 23 :: Letter AA n
+pattern Any     = Letter 24 :: Letter AA n     -- TODO @Any == X@ supposedly!
+pattern Unknown = Letter 25 :: Letter AA n
+pattern Undef   = Letter 26 :: Letter AA n
 
 -- * Creating functions and aa data.
 
-aa :: Int -> Letter AA
+aa :: Int -> Letter AA n
 aa = Letter
+{-# Inline aa #-}
 
-aaRange = [Stop .. pred Undef]
+aaRange = VU.fromList [Stop .. pred Undef]
+{-# NoInline aaRange #-}
 
-instance LetterChar AA where
+instance Bounded (Letter AA n) where
+    minBound = Stop
+    maxBound = Undef
+
+instance LetterChar AA n where
   letterChar = aaChar
   charLetter = charAA
 
-instance ToJSON (Letter AA) where
+instance ToJSON (Letter AA n) where
   toJSON = toJSON . letterChar
 
-instance FromJSON (Letter AA) where
+instance FromJSON (Letter AA n) where
   parseJSON = fmap charLetter . parseJSON
 
+instance Info (Letter AA n) where
+  info = (:[]) . aaChar
+
 --instance (GHC.IsString f) => ToJSON (Pretty f (Letter AA)) where
 --  toJSON = toJSON . T.pack . map letterChar . GHC.toList . getPretty
 
 -- | Translate 'Char' amino acid representation into efficient 'AA' newtype.
 
-charAA :: Char -> Letter AA
+charAA :: Char -> Letter AA n
 charAA = B.findWithDefaultL Undef charBaa
 {-# INLINE charAA #-}
 
 -- | 'Char' representation of an 'AA'.
 
-aaChar :: Letter AA -> Char
+aaChar :: Letter AA n -> Char
 aaChar = B.findWithDefaultR '?' charBaa
 {-# INLINE aaChar #-}
 
 -- * lookup tables
 
-charBaa :: B.Bimap (B.HashMap Char (Letter AA)) (B.HashMap (Letter AA) Char)
+charBaa :: B.Bimap (B.HashMap Char (Letter AA n)) (B.HashMap (Letter AA n) Char)
 charBaa = B.fromList
   [ ('*',Stop)
   , ('A',A)
@@ -121,25 +134,30 @@
   , ('X',X)
   , ('Y',Y)
   , ('Z',Z)
-  , ('?',Undef)
+  , ('?',Unknown)
   ]
 {-# NOINLINE charBaa #-}
 
+-- | List of the twenty "default" amino acids. Used, for example, by HMMer.
 
+twentyAA :: VU.Vector (Letter AA n)
+twentyAA = VU.fromList [ A,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,K,L,M,N,P,Q,R,S,T,V,W,Y ]
+{-# NoInline twentyAA #-}
 
+
 -- * instances
 
-instance Show (Letter AA) where
+instance Show (Letter AA n) where
   show n = [aaChar n]
 
-instance Read (Letter AA) where
+instance Read (Letter AA n) where
   readsPrec p [] = []
   readsPrec p (x:xs)
     | x==' ' = readsPrec p xs
     | aa <- charAA x = [(aa,xs)]
     | otherwise = []
 
-instance Enum (Letter AA) where
+instance Enum (Letter AA n) where
     succ Undef      = error "succ/Undef:AA"
     succ (Letter x) = Letter $ x+1
     pred Stop       = error "pred/Stop:AA"
@@ -148,6 +166,6 @@
     toEnum k                               = error $ "toEnum/Letter RNA " ++ show k
     fromEnum (Letter k) = k
 
-instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) AA where
+instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) AA n where
   primary = VU.map charAA
 
diff --git a/Biobase/Primary/Hashed.hs b/Biobase/Primary/Hashed.hs
--- a/Biobase/Primary/Hashed.hs
+++ b/Biobase/Primary/Hashed.hs
@@ -19,26 +19,26 @@
 
 -- | The hash of a primary sequence.
 
-newtype HashedPrimary t = HashedPrimary { unHashedPrimary :: Int }
+newtype HashedPrimary t n = HashedPrimary { unHashedPrimary :: Int }
   deriving (Eq,Ord,Ix,Read,Show,Enum,Bounded)
 
 derivingUnbox "HashedPrimary"
-  [t| forall a . HashedPrimary a -> Int |] [| unHashedPrimary |] [| HashedPrimary |]
+  [t| forall t n . HashedPrimary t n -> Int |] [| unHashedPrimary |] [| HashedPrimary |]
 
 -- | Given a piece of primary sequence information, reduce it to an index.
 -- The empty input produces an index of 0.
 
-mkHashedPrimary :: forall t . (VU.Unbox (Letter t), Bounded (Letter t), Enum (Letter t)) => Primary t -> HashedPrimary t
+mkHashedPrimary :: forall t n . (VU.Unbox (Letter t n), Bounded (Letter t n), Enum (Letter t n)) => Primary t n -> HashedPrimary t n
 mkHashedPrimary = HashedPrimary . fst . VU.foldl' f (0, 1) where
-  f (z, c) n = (z + c * (fromEnum n +1), c * (fromEnum (maxBound :: Letter t) + 1))
+  f (z, c) n = (z + c * (fromEnum n +1), c * (fromEnum (maxBound :: Letter t n) + 1))
 {-# INLINE mkHashedPrimary #-}
 
 -- | Turn a hash back into a sequence. Will fail if the resulting sequence
 -- has more than 100 elements.
 
-hash2primary :: forall t . (VU.Unbox (Letter t), Bounded (Letter t), Enum (Letter t)) => HashedPrimary t -> Primary t
+hash2primary :: forall t n . (VU.Unbox (Letter t n), Bounded (Letter t n), Enum (Letter t n)) => HashedPrimary t n -> Primary t n
 hash2primary (HashedPrimary h) = VU.unfoldrN l f h where
-  m = fromEnum (maxBound :: Letter t) +1
+  m = fromEnum (maxBound :: Letter t n) +1
   l = VU.length . VU.takeWhile (>0) . VU.iterateN 100 (`div` m) $ h
   f k = if k>0 then Just (toEnum $ ((k-1) `mod` m) , (k-1) `div` m)
                else Nothing
diff --git a/Biobase/Primary/IUPAC.hs b/Biobase/Primary/IUPAC.hs
--- a/Biobase/Primary/IUPAC.hs
+++ b/Biobase/Primary/IUPAC.hs
@@ -11,13 +11,15 @@
 import           Control.Arrow ((***))
 import           Data.ByteString.Char8 (ByteString,unpack)
 import           Data.Char (toUpper)
-import           Data.FileEmbed (embedFile)
+import           Data.FileEmbed (makeRelativeToProject, embedFile)
 import           Data.List (nub,sort)
 import           Data.String
 import           Data.Tuple (swap)
 import qualified Data.Vector.Unboxed as VU
 import           Control.Category ((>>>))
 
+import           Biobase.Types.BioSequence
+
 import           Biobase.Primary.Letter
 import           Biobase.Primary.Nuc
 import qualified Biobase.Primary.Nuc.RNA as R
@@ -27,28 +29,28 @@
 
 data DEG
 
-pattern A = Letter  0 :: Letter DEG
-pattern C = Letter  1 :: Letter DEG
-pattern G = Letter  2 :: Letter DEG
-pattern T = Letter  3 :: Letter DEG
-pattern U = Letter  4 :: Letter DEG
-pattern W = Letter  5 :: Letter DEG
-pattern S = Letter  6 :: Letter DEG
-pattern M = Letter  7 :: Letter DEG
-pattern K = Letter  8 :: Letter DEG
-pattern R = Letter  9 :: Letter DEG
-pattern Y = Letter 10 :: Letter DEG
-pattern B = Letter 11 :: Letter DEG
-pattern D = Letter 12 :: Letter DEG
-pattern H = Letter 13 :: Letter DEG
-pattern V = Letter 14 :: Letter DEG
-pattern N = Letter 15 :: Letter DEG
+pattern A = Letter  0 :: Letter DEG n
+pattern C = Letter  1 :: Letter DEG n
+pattern G = Letter  2 :: Letter DEG n
+pattern T = Letter  3 :: Letter DEG n
+pattern U = Letter  4 :: Letter DEG n
+pattern W = Letter  5 :: Letter DEG n
+pattern S = Letter  6 :: Letter DEG n
+pattern M = Letter  7 :: Letter DEG n
+pattern K = Letter  8 :: Letter DEG n
+pattern R = Letter  9 :: Letter DEG n
+pattern Y = Letter 10 :: Letter DEG n
+pattern B = Letter 11 :: Letter DEG n
+pattern D = Letter 12 :: Letter DEG n
+pattern H = Letter 13 :: Letter DEG n
+pattern V = Letter 14 :: Letter DEG n
+pattern N = Letter 15 :: Letter DEG n
 
-instance Bounded (Letter DEG) where
+instance Bounded (Letter DEG n) where
     minBound = A
     maxBound = N
 
-instance Enum (Letter DEG) where
+instance Enum (Letter DEG n) where
     succ N           = error "succ/N:DEG"
     succ (Letter x)  = Letter $ x+1
     pred A           = error "pred/A:DEG"
@@ -95,16 +97,16 @@
   N -> 'N'
 {-# INLINE degChar #-}            
 
-instance Show (Letter DEG) where
+instance Show (Letter DEG n) where
     show c = [degChar c]
 
-degSeq :: MkPrimary n DEG => n -> Primary DEG
+degSeq :: MkPrimary p DEG n => p -> Primary DEG n
 degSeq = primary
 
-instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) DEG where
+instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) DEG n where
     primary = VU.map charDEG
 
-instance IsString [Letter DEG] where
+instance IsString [Letter DEG n] where
     fromString = map charDEG
 
 
@@ -119,18 +121,18 @@
   fromDegenerate = maybe [] id . flip lookup iupacXDNAchars
   toDegenerate   = flip lookup (map swap iupacXDNAchars) . nub . sort
 
-instance Degenerate (Letter RNA) where
+instance Degenerate (Letter RNA n) where
     fromDegenerate 'T' = []
     fromDegenerate x   = map dnaTrna $ fromDegenerate x
     toDegenerate   xs  | xs == [R.U] = Just 'U'
                        | otherwise  = toDegenerate $ map rnaTdna xs
 
-instance Degenerate (Letter DNA) where
+instance Degenerate (Letter DNA n) where
     fromDegenerate 'U' = []
     fromDegenerate x   = map charDNA $ fromDegenerate x
     toDegenerate       = toDegenerate . map dnaChar
 
-instance Degenerate (Letter XNA) where
+instance Degenerate (Letter XNA n) where
     fromDegenerate = map charXNA . fromDegenerate
     toDegenerate   = toDegenerate . map xnaChar
 
@@ -149,5 +151,5 @@
 -- | Raw iupac data, embedded into the library.
 
 iupacNucleotides :: ByteString
-iupacNucleotides = $(embedFile "sources/iupac-nucleotides")
+iupacNucleotides = $(makeRelativeToProject "sources/iupac-nucleotides" >>= embedFile)
 
diff --git a/Biobase/Primary/Letter.hs b/Biobase/Primary/Letter.hs
--- a/Biobase/Primary/Letter.hs
+++ b/Biobase/Primary/Letter.hs
@@ -1,18 +1,21 @@
 
--- | A newtype with an attached phenotype which allows us to encode
--- nucleotides and amino acids. Actual seqence-specific functions can be
--- founds in the appropriate modules @AA@ and @Nuc@.
+-- | A newtype with an attached phantom type which allows us to encode
+-- nucleotides and amino acids. Actual seqence-specific functions can be founds
+-- in the appropriate modules @AA@ and @Nuc@.
 
 module Biobase.Primary.Letter where
 
 import           Control.DeepSeq (NFData)
 import           Data.Aeson
 import           Data.Binary
+import           Data.Coerce
+import           Data.Data
 import           Data.Hashable (Hashable)
 import           Data.Ix (Ix(..))
 import           Data.Serialize (Serialize(..))
 import           Data.String (IsString(..))
-import           Data.Vector.Fusion.Stream.Monadic (map,Step(..))
+import           Data.Typeable
+import           Data.Vector.Fusion.Stream.Monadic (map,Step(..),flatten)
 import           Data.Vector.Unboxed.Deriving
 import           GHC.Base (remInt,quotInt)
 import           GHC.Generics (Generic)
@@ -24,51 +27,75 @@
 import qualified Data.Vector.Unboxed as VU
 
 import           Data.PrimitiveArray hiding (map)
+import Data.Info
 
 
 
--- | A 'Letter' together with its phantom type @t@ encodes bio-sequences.
+-- | A 'Letter' together with its phantom type @seqTy@ encodes bio-sequences,
+-- while @nameTy@ allows to specify a type-level name for a letter.
 
-newtype Letter t = Letter { getLetter :: Int }
-                   deriving (Eq,Ord,Generic,Ix)
+newtype Letter (seqTy :: *) (nameTy :: k) = Letter { getLetter :: Int }
+  deriving (Eq,Ord,Generic,Ix,Typeable)
 
-instance Binary    (Letter t)
-instance Serialize (Letter t)
+-- | While @coerce@ will always work, this way restricts the change to just the
+-- @nameTy@.
 
-instance NFData (Letter t)
+changeNameTy :: Letter seqTy nameTy -> Letter seqTy newNameTy
+{-# Inline changeNameTy #-}
+changeNameTy = coerce
 
-type Primary t = VU.Vector (Letter t)
+-- | Manual @Data@ instance because @Letter@ should not show its
+-- implementation. This also allows for better use of generic programming
+-- downstream.
 
+instance (Typeable t, Typeable (Letter t n)) => Data (Letter t n) where
+  toConstr = mkIntegralConstr letterDataType . getLetter
+  gunfold _ z c = case constrRep c of
+    (IntConstr x) -> z (Letter $ fromIntegral x)
+    _ -> errorWithoutStackTrace $ "Biobase.Primary.Letter.gunfold: Constructor "
+          ++ show c
+          ++ " is not of type Letter (using Int-rep)"
+  dataTypeOf _ = letterDataType
+letterDataType = mkDataType "Biobase.Primary.Letter" [letterConstr]
+letterConstr   = mkConstr letterDataType "Letter" [] Prefix
+
+instance Binary    (Letter t n)
+instance Serialize (Letter t n)
+
+instance NFData (Letter t n)
+
+type Primary t n = VU.Vector (Letter t n)
+
 -- | Convert 'Letter' types into character forms. @DNA@, @RNA@, and @amino
 -- acid@ sequences can make use of this. Other @Letter@ types only if they
 -- have single-char representations.
 
-class LetterChar t where
-  letterChar :: Letter t -> Char
-  charLetter :: Char -> Letter t
+class LetterChar t n where
+  letterChar :: Letter t n -> Char
+  charLetter :: Char -> Letter t n
 
 -- | Conversion from a large number of sequence-like inputs to primary
 -- sequences.
 
-class MkPrimary n t where
-    primary :: n -> Primary t
+class MkPrimary c t n where
+    primary :: c -> Primary t n
 
-instance (MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) t) => MkPrimary String t where
+instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) t n => MkPrimary String t n where
     primary = primary . VU.fromList
 
-instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) t =>  MkPrimary T.Text t where
+instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) t n =>  MkPrimary T.Text t n where
     primary = primary . VU.fromList . T.unpack
 
-instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) t => MkPrimary TL.Text t where
+instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) t n => MkPrimary TL.Text t n where
     primary = primary . VU.fromList . TL.unpack
 
-instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) t => MkPrimary BS.ByteString t where
+instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) t n => MkPrimary BS.ByteString t n where
     primary = primary . VU.fromList . BS.unpack
 
-instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) t => MkPrimary BSL.ByteString t where
+instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) t n => MkPrimary BSL.ByteString t n where
     primary = primary . VU.fromList . BSL.unpack
 
-instance (VU.Unbox (Letter t), IsString [Letter t]) => IsString (VU.Vector (Letter t)) where
+instance (VU.Unbox (Letter t n), IsString [Letter t n]) => IsString (VU.Vector (Letter t n)) where
     fromString = VU.fromList . fromString
 
 
@@ -76,45 +103,62 @@
 -- *** Instances for 'Letter'.
 
 derivingUnbox "Letter"
-  [t| forall a . Letter a -> Int |] [| getLetter |] [| Letter |]
+  [t| forall t n . Letter t n -> Int |] [| getLetter |] [| Letter |]
 
-instance Hashable (Letter t)
+instance Hashable (Letter t n)
 
-instance Index (Letter l) where
-  linearIndex _ _ (Letter i) = i
+-- |
+--
+-- TODO replace @LtLetter Int@ with more specific limits? Maybe some constants?
+
+instance Index (Letter l n) where
+  newtype LimitType (Letter l n) = LtLetter (Letter l n)
+  linearIndex _ (Letter i) = i
   {-# Inline linearIndex #-}
-  smallestLinearIndex _ = error "still needed?"
-  {-# Inline smallestLinearIndex #-}
-  largestLinearIndex (Letter h) = h
-  {-# Inline largestLinearIndex #-}
-  size _ (Letter h) = h+1
+  fromLinearIndex _ k = Letter k
+  {-# Inline fromLinearIndex #-}
+  size (LtLetter (Letter h)) = h+1
   {-# Inline size #-}
-  inBounds (Letter l) (Letter h) (Letter i) = l <= i && i <= h
+  inBounds (LtLetter h) i = zeroBound <= i && i <= h
   {-# Inline inBounds #-}
+  zeroBound = Letter 0
+  {-# Inline zeroBound #-}
+  zeroBound' = LtLetter zeroBound
+  {-# Inline zeroBound' #-}
+  totalSize (LtLetter (Letter k)) = [ fromIntegral k + 1 ]
+  {-# Inline totalSize #-}
+  showBound (LtLetter (Letter k)) = [ show k ]
+  showIndex (Letter k) = [ show k ]
 
-instance IndexStream z => IndexStream (z:.Letter l) where
-  streamUp (ls:.Letter l) (hs:.Letter h) = flatten mk step $ streamUp ls hs
+deriving instance (Bounded (Letter l n)) => Bounded (LimitType (Letter l n))
+deriving instance Eq      (LimitType (Letter l n))
+deriving instance Generic (LimitType (Letter l n))
+deriving instance (Read (Letter l n)) => Read    (LimitType (Letter l n))
+deriving instance (Show (Letter l n)) => Show    (LimitType (Letter l n))
+deriving instance Typeable (LimitType (Letter l n))
+deriving instance Data (Letter l n) => Data (LimitType (Letter l n))
+
+instance IndexStream z => IndexStream (z:.Letter l n) where
+  streamUp (ls:..LtLetter l) (hs:..LtLetter h) = flatten mk step $ streamUp ls hs
     where mk z = return (z,l)
           step (z,k)
             | k > h     = return $ Done
-            | otherwise = return $ Yield (z:.Letter k) (z,k+1)
+            | otherwise = return $ Yield (z:.k) (z,Letter $ getLetter k +1)
           {-# Inline [0] mk   #-}
           {-# Inline [0] step #-}
   {-# Inline streamUp #-}
-  streamDown (ls:.Letter l) (hs:.Letter h) = flatten mk step $ streamDown ls hs
+  streamDown (ls:..LtLetter l) (hs:..LtLetter h) = flatten mk step $ streamDown ls hs
     where mk z = return (z,h)
           step (z,k)
             | k < l     = return $ Done
-            | otherwise = return $ Yield (z:.Letter k) (z,k-1)
+            | otherwise = return $ Yield (z:.k) (z,Letter $ getLetter k -1)
           {-# Inline [0] mk   #-}
           {-# Inline [0] step #-}
   {-# Inline streamDown #-}
 
--- TODO temporary, because defaults dont inline
-
-instance IndexStream (Letter l) where
-  streamUp l h = map (\(Z:.k) -> k) $ streamUp (Z:.l) (Z:.h)
+instance IndexStream (Letter l n) where
+  streamUp l h = map (\(Z:.k) -> k) $ streamUp (ZZ:..l) (ZZ:..h)
+  streamDown l h = map (\(Z:.k) -> k) $ streamDown (ZZ:..l) (ZZ:..h)
   {-# Inline streamUp #-}
-  streamDown l h = map (\(Z:.k) -> k) $ streamDown (Z:.l) (Z:.h)
   {-# Inline streamDown #-}
 
diff --git a/Biobase/Primary/Nuc/Conversion.hs b/Biobase/Primary/Nuc/Conversion.hs
--- a/Biobase/Primary/Nuc/Conversion.hs
+++ b/Biobase/Primary/Nuc/Conversion.hs
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 
-{-# Language CPP #-}
-
-#if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ < 710
-{-# LANGUAGE OverlappingInstances #-}
-#endif
+--  {-# Language CPP #-}
+--  
+--  #if __GLASGOW_HASKELL__ < 710
+--  {-# LANGUAGE OverlappingInstances #-}
+--  #endif
 
 -- | Convert between different nucleotide representations
 
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 import           Control.Lens (iso, from)
 import qualified Data.Vector.Unboxed as VU
 
-import           Biobase.Types.Sequence (Transcribe(..))
+import           Biobase.Types.BioSequence (Transcribe(..),RNA,DNA)
 
 import           Biobase.Primary.Letter (Letter(..), Primary)
 import qualified Biobase.Primary.Nuc.DNA as D
@@ -90,23 +90,23 @@
 -- ** Transcription between RNA and DNA. Both on the individual sequence level,
 -- and on the level of primary sequence data.
 
-instance Transcribe (Letter R.RNA) where
-  type TranscribeTo (Letter R.RNA) = Letter D.DNA
+instance Transcribe (Letter RNA n) where
+  type TranscribeTo (Letter RNA n) = Letter DNA n
   transcribe = iso rnaTdna dnaTrna
   {-# Inline transcribe #-}
 
-instance Transcribe (Letter D.DNA) where
-  type TranscribeTo (Letter D.DNA) = Letter R.RNA
+instance Transcribe (Letter DNA n) where
+  type TranscribeTo (Letter DNA n) = Letter RNA n
   transcribe = from transcribe
   {-# Inline transcribe #-}
 
-instance Transcribe (Primary R.RNA) where
-  type TranscribeTo (Primary R.RNA) = Primary D.DNA
+instance Transcribe (Primary RNA n) where
+  type TranscribeTo (Primary RNA n) = Primary DNA n
   transcribe = iso (VU.map rnaTdna) (VU.map dnaTrna)
   {-# Inline transcribe #-}
 
-instance Transcribe (Primary D.DNA) where
-  type TranscribeTo (Primary D.DNA) = Primary R.RNA
+instance Transcribe (Primary DNA n) where
+  type TranscribeTo (Primary DNA n) = Primary RNA n
   transcribe = iso (VU.map dnaTrna) (VU.map rnaTdna)
   {-# Inline transcribe #-}
 
diff --git a/Biobase/Primary/Nuc/DNA.hs b/Biobase/Primary/Nuc/DNA.hs
--- a/Biobase/Primary/Nuc/DNA.hs
+++ b/Biobase/Primary/Nuc/DNA.hs
@@ -17,24 +17,22 @@
 import qualified Data.Vector.Generic.Mutable as VGM
 import qualified Data.Vector.Unboxed as VU
 
+import           Biobase.Types.BioSequence (DNA)
+
 import           Biobase.Primary.Bounds
 import           Biobase.Primary.Letter
 
 
 
--- | DNA nucleotides.
-
-data DNA
-
 -- Single-character names for nucleotides.
 
-pattern A = Letter 0 :: Letter DNA
-pattern C = Letter 1 :: Letter DNA
-pattern G = Letter 2 :: Letter DNA
-pattern T = Letter 3 :: Letter DNA
-pattern N = Letter 4 :: Letter DNA
+pattern A = Letter 0 :: Letter DNA n
+pattern C = Letter 1 :: Letter DNA n
+pattern G = Letter 2 :: Letter DNA n
+pattern T = Letter 3 :: Letter DNA n
+pattern N = Letter 4 :: Letter DNA n
 
-instance Enum (Letter DNA) where
+instance Enum (Letter DNA n) where
     succ N          = error "succ/N:DNA"
     succ (Letter x) = Letter $ x+1
     pred A          = error "pred/A:DNA"
@@ -43,7 +41,7 @@
     toEnum k                = error $ "toEnum/Letter DNA " ++ show k
     fromEnum (Letter k) = k
 
-instance LetterChar DNA where
+instance LetterChar DNA n where
   letterChar = dnaChar
   charLetter = charDNA
 
@@ -53,7 +51,7 @@
 --instance (MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) DNA) => FromJSON (Primary DNA) where
 --  parseJSON = fmap (primary :: String -> Primary DNA) . parseJSON
 
-acgt :: [Letter DNA]
+acgt :: [Letter DNA n]
 acgt = [A .. T]
 
 charDNA = toUpper >>> \case
@@ -76,28 +74,28 @@
 -- underlying @Char@s actually represent a DNA sequence. This allows typesafe
 -- modification of DNA sequences since only @[A,C,G,T,N]@ are allowed.
 
-cdna ∷ Iso' Char (Letter DNA)
+cdna ∷ Iso' Char (Letter DNA n)
 cdna = iso charDNA dnaChar
 
-instance Show (Letter DNA) where
+instance Show (Letter DNA n) where
     show c = [dnaChar c]
 
-instance Read (Letter DNA) where
+instance Read (Letter DNA n) where
   readsPrec p [] = []
   readsPrec p (x:xs)
     | x==' ' = readsPrec p xs
     | otherwise = [(charDNA x, xs)]
 
-dnaSeq :: MkPrimary n DNA => n -> Primary DNA
+dnaSeq :: MkPrimary p DNA n => p -> Primary DNA n
 dnaSeq = primary
 
-instance Bounded (Letter DNA) where
+instance Bounded (Letter DNA n) where
     minBound = A
     maxBound = N
 
-instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) DNA where
+instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) DNA n where
     primary = VU.map charDNA
 
-instance IsString [Letter DNA] where
+instance IsString [Letter DNA n] where
     fromString = map charDNA
 
diff --git a/Biobase/Primary/Nuc/RNA.hs b/Biobase/Primary/Nuc/RNA.hs
--- a/Biobase/Primary/Nuc/RNA.hs
+++ b/Biobase/Primary/Nuc/RNA.hs
@@ -5,10 +5,12 @@
 import           Control.Lens (Iso', iso)
 import           Data.Aeson
 import           Data.Char (toUpper)
+import           Data.Data
 import           Data.Ix (Ix(..))
 import           Data.Primitive.Types
 import           Data.String
 import           Data.Tuple (swap)
+import           Data.Typeable
 import qualified Data.ByteString.Builder as BB
 import qualified Data.ByteString.Char8 as BS
 import qualified Data.ByteString.Lazy.Char8 as BSL
@@ -18,26 +20,24 @@
 import qualified Data.Vector.Generic.Mutable as VGM
 import qualified Data.Vector.Unboxed as VU
 
+import           Biobase.Types.BioSequence (RNA)
+
 import           Biobase.Primary.Bounds
 import           Biobase.Primary.Letter
 
 
 
--- | RNA nucleotides.
-
-data RNA
-
-pattern A = Letter 0 :: Letter RNA
-pattern C = Letter 1 :: Letter RNA
-pattern G = Letter 2 :: Letter RNA
-pattern U = Letter 3 :: Letter RNA
-pattern N = Letter 4 :: Letter RNA
+pattern A = Letter 0 ∷ Letter RNA n
+pattern C = Letter 1 ∷ Letter RNA n
+pattern G = Letter 2 ∷ Letter RNA n
+pattern U = Letter 3 ∷ Letter RNA n
+pattern N = Letter 4 ∷ Letter RNA n
 
-instance Bounded (Letter RNA) where
+instance Bounded (Letter RNA n) where
     minBound = A
     maxBound = N
 
-instance Enum (Letter RNA) where
+instance Enum (Letter RNA n) where
     succ N          = error "succ/N:RNA"
     succ (Letter x) = Letter $ x+1
     pred A          = error "pred/A:RNA"
@@ -46,14 +46,14 @@
     toEnum k                = error $ "toEnum/Letter RNA " ++ show k
     fromEnum (Letter k) = k
 
-instance LetterChar RNA where
+instance LetterChar RNA n where
   letterChar = rnaChar
   charLetter = charRNA
 
-instance ToJSON (Letter RNA) where
+instance ToJSON (Letter RNA n) where
   toJSON = toJSON . letterChar
 
-instance FromJSON (Letter RNA) where
+instance FromJSON (Letter RNA n) where
   parseJSON = fmap charLetter . parseJSON
 
 -- We encode 'Primary RNA' directly as a string.
@@ -64,10 +64,10 @@
 --  toJSON = toJSON . VU.toList . VU.map letterChar
 --
 --instance FromJSON (Primary RNA) where
---  parseJSON = fmap (primary :: String -> Primary RNA) . parseJSON
+--  parseJSON = fmap (primary ∷ String → Primary RNA) . parseJSON
 
 
-acgu :: [Letter RNA]
+acgu ∷ [Letter RNA n]
 acgu = [A .. U]
 
 charRNA = toUpper >>> \case
@@ -84,30 +84,35 @@
   G -> 'G'
   U -> 'U'
   N -> 'N'
+  _ -> '\9888'
 {-# INLINE rnaChar #-}            
 
 -- | An isomorphism from 'Char' to 'Letter RNA'. This assumes that the
 -- underlying @Char@s actually represent an RNA sequence. This allows typesafe
 -- modification of RNA sequences since only @[A,C,G,U,N]@ are allowed.
 
-crna ∷ Iso' Char (Letter RNA)
+crna ∷ Iso' Char (Letter RNA n)
 crna = iso charRNA rnaChar
 
-instance Show (Letter RNA) where
+instance Show (Letter RNA n) where
     show c = [rnaChar c]
 
-instance Read (Letter RNA) where
+instance Read (Letter RNA n) where
   readsPrec p [] = []
   readsPrec p (x:xs)
     | x==' ' = readsPrec p xs
     | otherwise = [(charRNA x, xs)]
 
-rnaSeq :: MkPrimary n RNA => n -> Primary RNA
+rnaSeq ∷ MkPrimary p RNA n ⇒ p → Primary RNA n
 rnaSeq = primary
 
-instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) RNA where
+instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) RNA n where
     primary = VU.map charRNA
 
-instance IsString [Letter RNA] where
+instance IsString [Letter RNA n] where
     fromString = map charRNA
+
+viennaPairs = [ (C,G), (G,C), (G,U), (U,G), (A,U), (U,A) ]
+viennaPairsNN = viennaPairs ++ [ (N,N) ]
+
 
diff --git a/Biobase/Primary/Nuc/XNA.hs b/Biobase/Primary/Nuc/XNA.hs
--- a/Biobase/Primary/Nuc/XNA.hs
+++ b/Biobase/Primary/Nuc/XNA.hs
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 import qualified Data.Vector.Unboxed as VU
 import           Control.Category ((>>>))
 
+import           Biobase.Types.BioSequence
+
 import           Biobase.Primary.Bounds
 import           Biobase.Primary.Letter
 
@@ -23,20 +25,18 @@
 
 -- | Combine both, RNA and DNA.
 
-data XNA
-
-pattern A = Letter 0 :: Letter XNA
-pattern C = Letter 1 :: Letter XNA
-pattern G = Letter 2 :: Letter XNA
-pattern T = Letter 3 :: Letter XNA
-pattern U = Letter 4 :: Letter XNA
-pattern N = Letter 5 :: Letter XNA
+pattern A = Letter 0 :: Letter XNA n
+pattern C = Letter 1 :: Letter XNA n
+pattern G = Letter 2 :: Letter XNA n
+pattern T = Letter 3 :: Letter XNA n
+pattern U = Letter 4 :: Letter XNA n
+pattern N = Letter 5 :: Letter XNA n
 
-instance Bounded (Letter XNA) where
+instance Bounded (Letter XNA n) where
     minBound = A
     maxBound = N
 
-instance Enum (Letter XNA) where
+instance Enum (Letter XNA n) where
     succ N          = error "succ/N:XNA"
     succ (Letter x) = Letter $ x+1
     pred A          = error "pred/A:XNA"
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
     toEnum k                = error $ "toEnum/Letter XNA " ++ show k
     fromEnum (Letter k) = k
 
-instance LetterChar XNA where
+instance LetterChar XNA n where
   letterChar = xnaChar
   charLetter = charXNA
 
@@ -73,21 +73,21 @@
   N -> 'N'
 {-# INLINE xnaChar #-}            
 
-instance Show (Letter XNA) where
+instance Show (Letter XNA n) where
     show c = [xnaChar c]
 
-instance Read (Letter XNA) where
+instance Read (Letter XNA n) where
   readsPrec p [] = []
   readsPrec p (x:xs)
     | x==' ' = readsPrec p xs
     | otherwise = [(charXNA x, xs)]
 
-xnaSeq :: MkPrimary n XNA => n -> Primary XNA
+xnaSeq :: MkPrimary p XNA n => p -> Primary XNA n
 xnaSeq = primary
 
-instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) XNA where
+instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Char) XNA n where
     primary = VU.map charXNA
 
-instance IsString [Letter XNA] where
+instance IsString [Letter XNA n] where
     fromString = map charXNA
 
diff --git a/Biobase/Primary/Pretty.hs b/Biobase/Primary/Pretty.hs
--- a/Biobase/Primary/Pretty.hs
+++ b/Biobase/Primary/Pretty.hs
@@ -16,15 +16,15 @@
 
 newtype Pretty f a = Pretty { getPretty :: f a }
 
-instance (LetterChar x) => ToJSON (Pretty VU.Vector (Letter x)) where
+instance (LetterChar x n) => ToJSON (Pretty VU.Vector (Letter x n)) where
   toJSON = String . T.pack . map letterChar . VU.toList . getPretty
 
-instance (LetterChar x) => ToJSON (Pretty V.Vector (Letter x)) where
+instance (LetterChar x n) => ToJSON (Pretty V.Vector (Letter x n)) where
   toJSON = String . T.pack . map letterChar . V.toList . getPretty
 
-instance (LetterChar x, VS.Storable (Letter x)) => ToJSON (Pretty VS.Vector (Letter x)) where
+instance (LetterChar x n, VS.Storable (Letter x n)) => ToJSON (Pretty VS.Vector (Letter x n)) where
   toJSON = String . T.pack . map letterChar . VS.toList . getPretty
 
-instance (LetterChar x) => ToJSON (Pretty [] (Letter x)) where
+instance (LetterChar x n) => ToJSON (Pretty [] (Letter x n)) where
   toJSON = String . T.pack . map letterChar . getPretty
 
diff --git a/Biobase/Primary/Trans.hs b/Biobase/Primary/Trans.hs
--- a/Biobase/Primary/Trans.hs
+++ b/Biobase/Primary/Trans.hs
@@ -15,62 +15,65 @@
 
 module Biobase.Primary.Trans where
 
+import           Control.Lens
 import           Control.Arrow ((***))
 import           Data.ByteString.Char8 (ByteString,unpack)
-import           Data.FileEmbed (embedFile)
 import           Data.Map.Strict (Map)
 import           Data.Tuple (swap)
 import qualified Data.Map.Strict as M
 import qualified Data.Vector.Unboxed as VU
 
+import           Biobase.Types.BioSequence
+import           Biobase.Types.Codon
+
 import           Biobase.Primary.AA
 import           Biobase.Primary.Nuc
 import           Biobase.Primary.Letter
+import           Biobase.GeneticCodes.Translation
+import           Biobase.GeneticCodes.Types
 
 
 
--- | Using the codon table, create an amino acid sequence from a @DNA@
--- sequence (encoded as 'Primary DNA'). Suffixed @seq@ as we deal with
--- sequences, not letters.
-
-dnaAAseq :: Primary DNA -> Primary AA
-dnaAAseq = VU.fromList . go where
-  go (VU.length -> 0) = []
-  go (VU.splitAt 3 -> (hs,ts)) = case M.lookup hs dnaAAmap of
-    Just aa -> aa : go ts
-    _       -> error $ "dnaAAseq: " ++ show (hs,ts)
-
--- | Transform an amino acid sequence back into DNA.
---
--- WARNING: This is lossy!
-
-aaDNAseq :: Primary AA -> Primary DNA
-aaDNAseq = VU.concatMap go where
-  go aa = case M.lookup aa aaDNAmap of
-            Just codon -> codon
-            Nothing    -> error $ "aaDNAseq" ++ show aa
-
-
--- * Embedded codon data
-
--- | Lossy backtransformation.
-
-aaDNAmap :: M.Map (Letter AA) (Primary DNA)
-aaDNAmap = M.fromList . map swap . M.assocs $ dnaAAmap
-{-# NOINLINE aaDNAmap #-}
-
-dnaAAmap :: Map (Primary DNA) (Letter AA)
-dnaAAmap = M.fromList . map (primary *** charAA) . M.assocs $ codonTable where
-{-# NOINLINE dnaAAmap #-}
+-- | Transform translation tables into the @Letter DNA/Letter AA@ format.
 
-codonTable :: Map String Char
-codonTable = M.fromList . map (go . words) . lines . unpack $ codonListEmbedded where
-  go [cs,[c]] = (cs,c)
-  go e        = error $ "codonTable:" ++ show e
-{-# NOINLINE codonTable #-}
+letterTranslationTable :: TranslationTable Char Char -> TranslationTable (Letter DNA n) (Letter AA n)
+letterTranslationTable tbl = TranslationTable
+  { _codonToAminoAcid  = M.fromList . map (ftriplet *** felement) . M.toList $ tbl^.codonToAminoAcid
+  , _aminoAcidtoCodons = M.fromList . map (charAA *** map felement) . M.toList $ tbl^.aminoAcidtoCodons
+  , _tableID           = tbl^.tableID
+  , _tableName         = tbl^.tableName
+  } where ftriplet :: Codon Char -> Codon (Letter DNA n)
+          ftriplet = over each charDNA
+          felement :: TranslationElement Char Char -> TranslationElement (Letter DNA n) (Letter AA n)
+          felement = over (baseCodon.each) charDNA . over aminoAcid charAA
 
--- | Raw codon table
+instance Translation (Codon (Letter DNA n)) where
+  type TargetType (Codon (Letter DNA n)) = Letter AA n
+  type CodonType (Codon (Letter DNA n)) = Letter DNA n
+  type AAType (Codon (Letter DNA n)) = Letter AA n
+  translate tbl t = maybe Unknown _aminoAcid $ M.lookup t (tbl^.codonToAminoAcid)
+  {-# Inline translate #-}
+  translateAllFrames = translate
+  {-# Inline translateAllFrames #-}
 
-codonListEmbedded :: ByteString
-codonListEmbedded = $(embedFile "sources/codontable")
+instance Translation (Primary DNA n) where
+  type TargetType (Primary DNA n) = Primary AA n
+  type CodonType (Primary DNA n) = Letter DNA n
+  type AAType (Primary DNA n) = Letter AA n
+  -- |
+  --
+  -- TODO we could consider returning @Nothing@ in case the input is not
+  -- power-of-three.
+  translate tbl xs = VU.unfoldrN (VU.length xs `div` 3) go xs
+    where go (VU.splitAt 3 -> (hs,ts))
+            | VU.length hs < 3 = Nothing
+            | otherwise        = Just (aa,ts)
+            where [a,b,c] = VU.toList hs
+                  aa      = translate tbl $ Codon a b c
+  {-# Inline translate #-}
+  translateAllFrames tbl xs = VU.unfoldrN (VU.length xs) go 0
+    where go 0 = Just (Undef,1)
+          go 1 = Just (Undef,2)
+          go k = Just (translate tbl $ Codon (xs VU.! (k-2)) (xs VU.! (k-1)) (xs VU.! k), k+1)
+  {-# Inlinable translateAllFrames #-}
 
diff --git a/Biobase/Primary/Unknown.hs b/Biobase/Primary/Unknown.hs
--- a/Biobase/Primary/Unknown.hs
+++ b/Biobase/Primary/Unknown.hs
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 
--- | A 'Letter' with unknown annotation. We sometimes want to encode that
--- we are dealing with @Letter@s in an alphabet, but we do not want to
--- commit to a certain alphabet (just yet).
+-- | A 'Letter' with unknown annotation. We sometimes want to encode that we
+-- are dealing with @Letter@s in an alphabet, but we do not want to commit to a
+-- certain alphabet (just yet).
 --
 -- This module allows us to make explicit that we do not know the specific
 -- alphabet type yet.
+--
+-- One should NEVER blindly coerce, since the order and limits of @Letter@'s
+-- might well be different.
 
 module Biobase.Primary.Unknown where
 
@@ -44,44 +47,36 @@
 
 -- | Creating an unknown letter.
 
-unk :: Int -> Letter Unknown
+unk ∷ Int → Letter Unknown n
 unk = Letter
 
 
 
 -- *** instances
 
-instance Show (Letter Unknown) where
+instance Show (Letter Unknown n) where
   show (Letter i) = "U " ++ show i
 
-instance Read (Letter Unknown) where
+instance Read (Letter Unknown n) where
   readPrec = parens $ do
     Lex.Ident u <- lexP
     case u of
-      "U" -> unk <$> readPrec
-      _   -> RP.pfail
+      "U" → unk <$> readPrec
+      _   → RP.pfail
 
-instance Enum (Letter Unknown) where
+instance Enum (Letter Unknown n) where
     succ (Letter x) = Letter $ x+1
     pred (Letter x) = Letter $ x-1
     toEnum = Letter
     fromEnum = getLetter
 
-instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Int) Unknown where
+instance MkPrimary (VU.Vector Int) Unknown n where
   primary = VU.map Letter
   {-# Inline primary #-}
 
-instance ToJSON (Letter Unknown) where
+instance ToJSON (Letter Unknown n) where
   toJSON = toJSON . getLetter
 
-instance FromJSON (Letter Unknown) where
+instance FromJSON (Letter Unknown n) where
   parseJSON = fmap Letter . parseJSON
-
-{-
-instance ToJSON (Primary Unknown) where
-  toJSON = toJSON . map (show . getLetter) . VU.toList
-
-instance FromJSON (Primary Unknown) where
-  parseJSON = fmap (VU.fromList . map (Letter . read)) . parseJSON
--}
 
diff --git a/Biobase/Secondary.hs b/Biobase/Secondary.hs
--- a/Biobase/Secondary.hs
+++ b/Biobase/Secondary.hs
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 
 module Biobase.Secondary
 --  ( module Biobase.Secondary.Basepair
-  ( module Biobase.Secondary.Constraint
-  , module Biobase.Secondary.Diagrams
+--  ( module Biobase.Secondary.Constraint
+  ( module Biobase.Secondary.Diagrams
   , module Biobase.Secondary.Isostericity
   , module Biobase.Secondary.Pseudoknots
   , module Biobase.Secondary.Structure
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
   ) where
 
 --import Biobase.Secondary.Basepair
-import Biobase.Secondary.Constraint
+--import Biobase.Secondary.Constraint
 import Biobase.Secondary.Diagrams
 import Biobase.Secondary.Isostericity
 import Biobase.Secondary.Pseudoknots
diff --git a/Biobase/Secondary/Basepair.hs b/Biobase/Secondary/Basepair.hs
--- a/Biobase/Secondary/Basepair.hs
+++ b/Biobase/Secondary/Basepair.hs
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 import           Data.Primitive.Types
 import           Data.Serialize (Serialize)
 import           Data.Tuple (swap)
-import           Data.Vector.Fusion.Stream.Monadic (map,Step(..))
+import           Data.Vector.Fusion.Stream.Monadic (map,Step(..),flatten)
 import           Data.Vector.Unboxed.Deriving
 import           GHC.Base (remInt,quotInt)
 import           GHC.Generics
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 import qualified Data.Vector.Unboxed as VU
 import           Text.Read
 
+import           Biobase.Types.BioSequence
 import           Data.PrimitiveArray hiding (Complement(..),map)
 
 import           Biobase.Primary
@@ -51,10 +52,11 @@
 instance FromJSON  Basepair
 instance ToJSON    Basepair
 
-deriving instance Index Basepair
+instance Index Basepair where
+  newtype LimitType Basepair = LtBP Basepair
 
 instance IndexStream z => IndexStream (z:.Basepair) where
-  streamUp (ls:.BP l) (hs:.BP h) = flatten mk step $ streamUp ls hs
+  streamUp (ls:..LtBP (BP l)) (hs:..LtBP (BP h)) = flatten mk step $ streamUp ls hs
     where mk z = return (z,l)
           step (z,k)
             | k > h     = return $ Done
@@ -62,7 +64,7 @@
           {-# Inline [0] mk   #-}
           {-# Inline [0] step #-}
   {-# Inline streamUp #-}
-  streamDown (ls:.BP l) (hs:.BP h) = flatten mk step $ streamDown ls hs
+  streamDown (ls:..LtBP (BP l)) (hs:..LtBP (BP h)) = flatten mk step $ streamDown ls hs
     where mk z = return (z,h)
           step (z,k)
             | k < l     = return $ Done
@@ -218,7 +220,7 @@
 
 -- | A pair as a tuple containing 'Nuc's.
 
-type Pair = (Letter RNA,Letter RNA)
+type Pair n = (Letter RNA n, Letter RNA n)
 
 -- | Annotation for a basepair.
 
@@ -230,7 +232,7 @@
 
 -- | An extended basepair, with nucleotides an annotation.
 
-type ExtPair = (Pair,ExtPairAnnotation)
+type ExtPair n = (Pair n, ExtPairAnnotation)
 
 
 
diff --git a/Biobase/Secondary/Constraint.hs b/Biobase/Secondary/Constraint.hs
deleted file mode 100644
--- a/Biobase/Secondary/Constraint.hs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,107 +0,0 @@
-
--- | Simple oldstyle RNAfold constraints. A constraint yields a bonus or
--- malus to energy.
-
-module Biobase.Secondary.Constraint where
-
-import           Data.Char (toLower)
-import           Data.Primitive.Types
-import           Prelude as P
-import qualified Data.Vector.Generic as VG
-import qualified Data.Vector.Generic.Mutable as VGM
-import qualified Data.Vector.Unboxed as VU
-
-import           Data.PrimitiveArray
-
-import           Biobase.Secondary.Diagrams
-
-
-
--- | We can create a constraint from different sources.
-
-class MkConstraint a where
-  mkConstraint :: a -> Constraint
-
--- | A constraint is nothing more than a vector of constraint characters
--- together with a possible pairing for each character.
-
-newtype Constraint = Constraint {unConstraint :: VU.Vector (Char,Int)}
-  deriving (Show,Read,Eq)
-
-bonusCC :: VU.Vector Char
-bonusCC = VU.fromList "()<>|"
-{-# NOINLINE bonusCC #-}
-
-nobonusCC :: VU.Vector Char
-nobonusCC = VU.fromList ".x"
-{-# NOINLINE nobonusCC #-}
-
--- | Given a 'Constraint', create an NxN matrix with bonus energies. These
--- energies can be included in all pair-creating functions and will disallow or
--- strongly favor certain pairings, while others will receive neither bonus nor
--- malus.
---
--- In case, a pair (i,j) is annotated as both, bonus- and malus-receiving, it
--- will be set to receive a malus. This can happen, if something like "<" would
--- give a bonus, but "x" gives a malus (and other cases).
---
--- TODO and again, we should parametrize over "Energy", "Score", etc (that is,
--- Prim a)
-
-bonusTable :: Double -> Double -> Constraint -> Unboxed (Z:.Int:.Int) Double
-bonusTable bonus malus (Constraint constraint) = arr where
-  arr = fromAssocs (Z:.0:.0) (Z:.n:.n) 0 $ bonusBr ++ bonusAn ++ bonusBa ++ malusBr ++ malusAn ++ malusX
-  n = VU.length constraint -1
-  infixl 1 `xor`
-  xor a b = a && not b || not a && b
-  -- "()" bonus energies
-  bonusBr = [ (Z:.i:.j,bonus)
-            | (i,('(',j)) <- zip [0..] $ VU.toList constraint
-            ]
-  malusBr = [ (Z:.i:.j,malus)
-            | i <- [0..n]
-            , j <- [i..n]
-            , let bi = constraint VU.! i
-            , let bj = constraint VU.! j
-            , fst bi == '(' && snd bi /= j || fst bj == ')' && snd bj /= i
-            ]
-  bonusAn = [ (Z:.i:.j,bonus)
-            | i<-[0..n]
-            , fst (constraint VU.! i) == '<'
-            , j<-[i+1..n]
-            ] ++
-            [ (Z:.i:.j,bonus)
-            | j<-[0..n]
-            , fst (constraint VU.! j) == '>'
-            , i<-[0..j-1]
-            ]
-  malusAn = [ (Z:.i:.j,malus)
-            | i<-[0..n]
-            , j<-[i+1..n]
-            , fst (constraint VU.! j) == '<'
-            ] ++
-            [ (Z:.i:.j,malus)
-            | i<-[0..n]
-            , j<-[i+1..n]
-            , fst (constraint VU.! i) == '>'
-            ]
-  bonusBa = [ (Z:.i:.j,bonus)
-            | i<-[0..n]
-            , j<-[i+1..n]
-            , fst (constraint VU.! i) == '|' || fst (constraint VU.! j) == '|'
-            ]
-  malusX  = [ (Z:.i:.j,malus)
-            | i<-[0..n]
-            , j<-[i+1..n]
-            , fst (constraint VU.! i) == 'x' || fst (constraint VU.! j) == 'x'
-            ]
-
--- * Instances
-
-instance MkConstraint String where
-  mkConstraint xs = mkConstraint . VU.fromList . P.map toLower $ xs
-
-instance MkConstraint (VU.Vector Char) where
-  mkConstraint cs = Constraint $ VU.zip cs ks where
-    (D1S ks) = mkD1S cs
-
diff --git a/Biobase/Secondary/Convert.hs b/Biobase/Secondary/Convert.hs
--- a/Biobase/Secondary/Convert.hs
+++ b/Biobase/Secondary/Convert.hs
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 
 module Biobase.Secondary.Convert where
 
+import           Biobase.Types.BioSequence
+
 import           Biobase.Primary.Letter
 import           Biobase.Primary.Nuc.RNA
 import           Biobase.Secondary.Basepair
@@ -24,14 +26,14 @@
 
 -- ** @(RNA,RNA) <-> Basepair@
 
-instance BasepairConvert (Letter RNA,Letter RNA) Basepair where
+instance BasepairConvert (Letter RNA n,Letter RNA n) Basepair where
   basepairConvert (l,r)
     | l >= A && l <= U && r >= A && r <= U
     = BP $ 4 * getLetter l + getLetter r
     | otherwise = NoBP
   {-# Inline basepairConvert #-}
 
-instance BasepairConvert Basepair (Letter RNA, Letter RNA) where
+instance BasepairConvert Basepair (Letter RNA n, Letter RNA n) where
   basepairConvert k
     | k == NoBP || k == NS = (N,N)
     | otherwise = let (l,r) = getBP k `divMod` 4 in (Letter l, Letter r)
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@
 
 -- ** @(RNA,RNA) <-> ViennaPair@
 
-instance BasepairConvert (Letter RNA, Letter RNA) ViennaPair where
+instance BasepairConvert (Letter RNA n, Letter RNA n) ViennaPair where
   basepairConvert = \case
     (C,G) -> SV.CG
     (G,C) -> SV.GC
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@
     _     -> SV.NS
   {-# Inline basepairConvert #-}
 
-instance BasepairConvert ViennaPair (Letter RNA, Letter RNA) where
+instance BasepairConvert ViennaPair (Letter RNA n, Letter RNA n) where
   basepairConvert = \case
     SV.CG -> (C,G)
     SV.GC -> (G,C)
diff --git a/Biobase/Secondary/Diagrams.hs b/Biobase/Secondary/Diagrams.hs
--- a/Biobase/Secondary/Diagrams.hs
+++ b/Biobase/Secondary/Diagrams.hs
@@ -186,13 +186,13 @@
 -- TODO Check size of hairpins and interior loops?
 
 isCanonicalStructure :: String -> Bool
-isCanonicalStructure = all (`elem` "().")
+isCanonicalStructure = all (flip (elem @[]) "().")
 
 -- | Is constraint type structure, i.e. there can also be symbols present
 -- that denote up- or downstream pairing.
 
 isConstraintStructure :: String -> Bool
-isConstraintStructure = all (`elem` "().<>{}|")
+isConstraintStructure = all (flip (elem @[]) "().<>{}|")
 
 -- | Take a structural string and split it into its constituents.
 --
@@ -253,11 +253,11 @@
     g k st ('.':xs) = g (k+1) st xs
     g k st (x:xs) | l==x = g (k+1) (k:st) xs
     g k (s:st) (x:xs) | r==x = ((s,k):) <$> g (k+1) st xs
-    g k [] xs = fail $ printf "too many closing brackets at position %d: '%s' (dot-bracket: %s)" k xs str
-    g k st [] = fail $ printf "too many opening brackets, opening bracket(s) at: %s (dot-bracket: %s)" (show $ reverse st) str
-    g a b c   = fail $ printf "unspecified error: %s (dot-bracket: %s)" (show (a,b,c)) str
-  f xs lr@(_:_:_:_) = fail $ printf "unsound dictionary: %s (dot-bracket: %s)" lr str
-  f xs lr     = fail $ printf "unspecified error: dict: %s, input: %s (dot-bracket: %s)" lr xs str
+    g k [] xs = Left $ printf "too many closing brackets at position %d: '%s' (dot-bracket: %s)" k xs str
+    g k st [] = Left $ printf "too many opening brackets, opening bracket(s) at: %s (dot-bracket: %s)" (show $ reverse st) str
+    g a b c   = Left $ printf "unspecified error: %s (dot-bracket: %s)" (show (a,b,c)) str
+  f xs lr@(_:_:_:_) = Left $ printf "unsound dictionary: %s (dot-bracket: %s)" lr str
+  f xs lr     = Left $ printf "unspecified error: dict: %s, input: %s (dot-bracket: %s)" lr xs str
 
 -- | Calculates the distance between two vienna strings.
 
diff --git a/Biobase/Secondary/Isostericity.hs b/Biobase/Secondary/Isostericity.hs
--- a/Biobase/Secondary/Isostericity.hs
+++ b/Biobase/Secondary/Isostericity.hs
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 module Biobase.Secondary.Isostericity where
 
 import           Data.ByteString.Char8 (ByteString)
-import           Data.FileEmbed (embedFile)
+import           Data.FileEmbed (makeRelativeToProject, embedFile)
 import           Data.Function (on)
 import           Data.List
 import           Data.Tuple.Select
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
 --
 -- TODO inClass missing
 
-instance IsostericityLookup ExtPair where
+instance IsostericityLookup (ExtPair n) where
   getClasses p
     | Just cs <- M.lookup p defaultIsostericityMap
     = cs
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
 --
 -- TODO inClass missing
 
-instance IsostericityLookup Pair where
+instance IsostericityLookup (Pair n) where
   getClasses p
     | Just cs <- M.lookup (p,CWW) defaultIsostericityMap
     = cs
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
 
 -- | Process CSV list-of-lists to get the isostericity data.
 
-mkIsostericityList :: [[[String]]] -> [(ExtPair, [String])]
+mkIsostericityList :: [[[String]]] -> [(ExtPair n, [String])]
 mkIsostericityList gs = nubBy ((==) `on` fst) . concatMap turn . concatMap f $ gs where
   f g = map (\e ->  ( ( let [x,y] = fst e
                         in (charRNA x, charRNA y), read bpt
@@ -86,11 +86,14 @@
             ) $ map entry xs where
     bpt = head $ head g
     xs = tail g
-    entry x = (x!!0, map (filter (\z -> not $ z `elem` "()")) . takeWhile ('I' `elem`) . drop 2 $ x)
+    entry x = (x!!0, map (filter (\z -> not $ z `elem` bracket)) . takeWhile ('I' `elem`) . drop 2 $ x)
+  bracket :: String
+  bracket = "()"
   turn entry@(((x,y),(wc,tx,ty)), cs) = [entry, (((y,x),(wc,ty,tx)), cs)]
 
 -- | Simple parsing of raw CSV data.
 
+parsedCSV :: [[[Field]]]
 parsedCSV = filter (not . null) gs where
   gs = map (filter ((""/=).head)) . groupBy (\x y -> ""/= (head y)) $ csv
   Right csv = parseCSV "isostericity/detailed" $ BS.unpack detailedCSV
@@ -102,5 +105,5 @@
 -- | Raw CSV data, embedded into the library.
 
 detailedCSV :: ByteString
-detailedCSV = $(embedFile "sources/isostericity-detailed.csv")
+detailedCSV = $(makeRelativeToProject "sources/isostericity-detailed.csv" >>= embedFile)
 
diff --git a/Biobase/Secondary/New.hs b/Biobase/Secondary/New.hs
--- a/Biobase/Secondary/New.hs
+++ b/Biobase/Secondary/New.hs
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@
 -- TODO Should be extended with @Extended@, but this requires knowing which of
 -- the ends overlap with paired: left, right, or both.
 
-data SubStructure (t ∷ k) a
-  = Unpaired { _label ∷ !a }
-  | Paired   { _label ∷ !a, _subStructures ∷ !(Vector (SubStructure t a)) }
+data SubStructure (t :: *) a
+  = Unpaired { _label :: !a }
+  | Paired   { _label :: !a, _subStructures :: !(Vector (SubStructure t a)) }
   deriving (Show, Read, Functor, Traversable, Foldable, Generic, Eq, Ord)
 makeLenses ''SubStructure
 makePrisms ''SubStructure
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@
 -- | A full structure is composed of a number of sub-structures. The empty
 -- structure is a full structure.
 
-newtype FullStructure (t ∷ k) a
-  = FullStructure { _fullStructure ∷ Vector (SubStructure t a) }
+newtype FullStructure (t :: *) a
+  = FullStructure { _fullStructure :: Vector (SubStructure t a) }
   deriving (Show, Read, Functor, Traversable, Foldable, Generic, Eq, Ord)
 makeLenses ''FullStructure
 
@@ -43,26 +43,26 @@
 
 -- ** Parses a ViennaRNA secondary structure string.
 
-pUnpaired ∷ Parser (SubStructure () ())
+pUnpaired :: Parser (SubStructure () ())
 pUnpaired = Unpaired () <$ char '.'
 {-# Inlinable pUnpaired #-}
 
-pPaired ∷ Parser (SubStructure () ())
+pPaired :: Parser (SubStructure () ())
 pPaired = Paired () <$ char '(' <*> (fromList <$> many pSubStructure) <* char ')'
 {-# Inlinable pPaired #-}
 
-pSubStructure ∷ Parser (SubStructure () ())
+pSubStructure :: Parser (SubStructure () ())
 pSubStructure = pUnpaired <|> pPaired
 {-# Inlinable pSubStructure #-}
 
-pFullStructure ∷ Parser (FullStructure () ())
+pFullStructure :: Parser (FullStructure () ())
 pFullStructure = FullStructure <$> fromList <$> many pSubStructure <* endOfInput
 {-# Inlinable pFullStructure #-}
 
 newtype StructureParseError = StructureParseError String
   deriving (Show)
 
-parseVienna ∷ MonadError StructureParseError m ⇒ ByteString → m (FullStructure () ())
+parseVienna :: MonadError StructureParseError m ⇒ ByteString -> m (FullStructure () ())
 parseVienna = either (throwError . StructureParseError) return . parseOnly pFullStructure
 {-# Inlinable parseVienna #-}
 
@@ -83,19 +83,19 @@
 -- @
 
 toTree
-  ∷ (SubStructure t a → Maybe b)
+  :: (SubStructure t a -> Maybe b)
   -- ^ how to handle substructure elements? @Nothing@ means discard this
   -- substructure and all children.
-  → b
+  -> b
   -- ^ The root label
-  → FullStructure (t ∷ k) a
+  -> FullStructure (t :: *) a
   -- ^ The @FullStructure@ to transform into a @Tree@.
-  → Tree b
+  -> Tree b
 toTree f r (FullStructure ts) = Node r $ fmap go ts ^.. traverse . _Just
   where
     go u@Unpaired{} = (`Node` []) <$> f u
     go p@Paired{}   = case f p of
-      Nothing  → Nothing
-      Just lbl → Just $ Node lbl $ (fmap go $ p^.subStructures) ^.. traverse . _Just
+      Nothing  -> Nothing
+      Just lbl -> Just $ Node lbl $ (fmap go $ p^.subStructures) ^.. traverse . _Just
 {-# Inlinable toTree #-}
 
diff --git a/Biobase/Secondary/Vienna.hs b/Biobase/Secondary/Vienna.hs
--- a/Biobase/Secondary/Vienna.hs
+++ b/Biobase/Secondary/Vienna.hs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 import           Data.Primitive.Types
 import           Data.Serialize (Serialize(..))
 import           Data.Tuple (swap)
-import           Data.Vector.Fusion.Stream.Monadic (map,Step(..))
+import           Data.Vector.Fusion.Stream.Monadic (map,Step(..),flatten)
 import           Data.Vector.Unboxed.Deriving
 import           GHC.Base (remInt,quotInt)
 import           GHC.Generics (Generic)
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import qualified Prelude as P
 
 import           Data.PrimitiveArray hiding (Complement(..),map)
+import           Biobase.Types.BioSequence
 
 import           Biobase.Primary.Letter
 import           Biobase.Primary.Nuc
@@ -32,46 +33,45 @@
 newtype ViennaPair = ViennaPair { unViennaPair :: Int }
   deriving (Eq,Ord,Generic,Ix)
 
+derivingUnbox "ViennaPair"
+  [t| ViennaPair -> Int |]
+  [| unViennaPair |]
+  [| ViennaPair |]
+
 instance Binary    (ViennaPair)
 instance Serialize (ViennaPair)
 instance FromJSON  (ViennaPair)
 instance ToJSON    (ViennaPair)
 
 instance Index ViennaPair where
-  linearIndex _ _ (ViennaPair p) = p
+  data LimitType ViennaPair
+    = Canonical | Extended
+  linearIndex _ (ViennaPair p) = p
   {-# Inline linearIndex #-}
-  smallestLinearIndex _ = error "still needed?"
-  {-# Inline smallestLinearIndex #-}
-  largestLinearIndex (ViennaPair p) = p
-  {-# Inline largestLinearIndex #-}
-  size _ (ViennaPair h) = h+1
+  size h = case h of { Canonical → 7; Extended → 9 }
   {-# Inline size #-}
-  inBounds (ViennaPair l) (ViennaPair h) (ViennaPair p) = l <= p && p <= h
+  inBounds h (ViennaPair p) = 0 <= p && p < size h
   {-# Inline inBounds #-}
 
 instance IndexStream z => IndexStream (z:.ViennaPair) where
-  streamUp (ls:.ViennaPair l) (hs:.ViennaPair h) = flatten mk step $ streamUp ls hs
-    where mk z = return (z,l)
+  streamUp (ls:..l) (hs:..h) = flatten mk step $ streamUp ls hs
+    where mk z = return (z,size l - 1)
           step (z,k)
-            | k > h     = return $ Done
-            | otherwise = return $ Yield (z:.ViennaPair k) (z,k+1)
+            | k > size h -1 = return $ Done
+            | otherwise     = return $ Yield (z:.ViennaPair k) (z,k+1)
           {-# Inline [0] mk   #-}
           {-# Inline [0] step #-}
   {-# Inline streamUp #-}
-  streamDown (ls:.ViennaPair l) (hs:.ViennaPair h) = flatten mk step $ streamDown ls hs
-    where mk z = return (z,h)
+  streamDown (ls:..l) (hs:..h) = flatten mk step $ streamDown ls hs
+    where mk z = return (z,size h - 1)
           step (z,k)
-            | k < l     = return $ Done
-            | otherwise = return $ Yield (z:.ViennaPair k) (z,k-1)
+            | k < size l -1 = return $ Done
+            | otherwise     = return $ Yield (z:.ViennaPair k) (z,k-1)
           {-# Inline [0] mk   #-}
           {-# Inline [0] step #-}
   {-# Inline streamDown #-}
 
 instance IndexStream ViennaPair where
-  streamUp l h = map (\(Z:.k) -> k) $ streamUp (Z:.l) (Z:.h)
-  {-# Inline streamUp #-}
-  streamDown l h = map (\(Z:.k) -> k) $ streamDown (Z:.l) (Z:.h)
-  {-# Inline streamDown #-}
 
 
 
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@
   {-# INLINE fromViennaPair #-}
 -}
 
-isViennaPair :: Letter RNA -> Letter RNA -> Bool
+isViennaPair :: Letter RNA m -> Letter RNA n -> Bool
 isViennaPair l r =  l==C && r==G
                  || l==G && r==C
                  || l==A && r==U
@@ -121,8 +121,8 @@
                  || l==U && r==G
 {-# INLINE isViennaPair #-}
 
-viennaPairTable :: Unboxed (Z:.Letter RNA:.Letter RNA) ViennaPair
-viennaPairTable = fromAssocs (Z:.N:.N) (Z:.U:.U) NS
+viennaPairTable :: Unboxed (Z:.Letter RNA n:.Letter RNA n) ViennaPair
+viennaPairTable = fromAssocs (ZZ:..LtLetter maxBound:..LtLetter maxBound) NS
   [ (Z:.C:.G , CG)
   , (Z:.G:.C , GC)
   , (Z:.G:.U , GU)
@@ -180,7 +180,4 @@
 cguaP = [CG .. UA]
 cgnsP = [CG .. NS]
 pairToString = [(CG,"CG"),(GC,"GC"),(UA,"UA"),(AU,"AU"),(GU,"GU"),(UG,"UG"),(NS,"NS"),(NP,"NP")]
-
-derivingUnbox "ViennaPair"
-  [t| ViennaPair -> Int |] [| unViennaPair |] [| ViennaPair |]
 
diff --git a/BiobaseXNA.cabal b/BiobaseXNA.cabal
--- a/BiobaseXNA.cabal
+++ b/BiobaseXNA.cabal
@@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
+cabal-version:  2.2
 name:           BiobaseXNA
-version:        0.10.0.0
+version:        0.11.1.1
 author:         Christian Hoener zu Siederdissen
 maintainer:     choener@bioinf.uni-leipzig.de
 homepage:       https://github.com/choener/BiobaseXNA
 bug-reports:    https://github.com/choener/BiobaseXNA/issues
-copyright:      Christian Hoener zu Siederdissen, 2011 - 2017
+copyright:      Christian Hoener zu Siederdissen, 2011 - 2021
 category:       Bioinformatics
 synopsis:       Efficient RNA/DNA/Protein Primary/Secondary Structure
-license:        GPL-3
+license:        BSD-3-Clause
 license-file:   LICENSE
 build-type:     Simple
 stability:      experimental
-tested-with:    GHC == 7.10.3, GHC == 8.0.1
-cabal-version:  >= 1.10.0
+tested-with:    GHC == 8.8, GHC == 8.10, GHC == 9.0
 description:
                 This is a base library for bioinformatics with emphasis on RNA
                 and DNA primary structure as well as amino acid sequences.
@@ -45,8 +45,7 @@
   sources/iupac-nucleotides
 
 
-
-library
+common deps
   build-depends: base                     >= 4.7      &&  < 5.0
                , aeson                    >= 1.0
                , attoparsec               >= 0.13
@@ -57,6 +56,7 @@
                , cereal-vector            >= 0.2
                , containers               >= 0.5
                , csv                      >= 0.1
+               , data-default             >= 0.7
                , deepseq                  >= 1.3
                , file-embed               >= 0.0.8
                , hashable                 >= 1.2
@@ -67,55 +67,37 @@
                , split                    >= 0.2
                , text                     >= 1.0
                , tuple                    >= 0.3
-               , vector                   >= 0.10
+               , vector                   >= 0.11
                , vector-binary-instances  >= 0.2
                , vector-th-unbox          >= 0.2
                --
                , bimaps                   == 0.1.0.*
-               , BiobaseTypes             == 0.1.3.*
-               , ForestStructures         == 0.0.0.*
-               , PrimitiveArray           == 0.8.0.*
-  exposed-modules:
-    Biobase.Primary
-    Biobase.Primary.AA
-    Biobase.Primary.Bounds
-    Biobase.Primary.Hashed
-    Biobase.Primary.IUPAC
-    Biobase.Primary.Letter
-    Biobase.Primary.Nuc
-    Biobase.Primary.Nuc.Conversion
-    Biobase.Primary.Nuc.DNA
-    Biobase.Primary.Nuc.RNA
-    Biobase.Primary.Nuc.XNA
-    Biobase.Primary.Pretty
-    Biobase.Primary.Trans
-    Biobase.Primary.Unknown
-    Biobase.Secondary
-    Biobase.Secondary.New
-    Biobase.Secondary.Basepair
-    Biobase.Secondary.Constraint
-    Biobase.Secondary.Convert
-    Biobase.Secondary.Diagrams
-    Biobase.Secondary.Isostericity
-    Biobase.Secondary.Pseudoknots
-    Biobase.Secondary.Structure
-    Biobase.Secondary.Vienna
+               , BiobaseENA               == 0.0.0.*
+               , BiobaseTypes             == 0.2.1.*
+               , DPutils                  == 0.1.1.*
+               , ForestStructures         == 0.0.1.*
+               , PrimitiveArray           == 0.10.1.*
   default-extensions: BangPatterns
+                    , DataKinds
+                    , DeriveDataTypeable
+                    , DeriveFunctor
                     , DeriveGeneric
+                    , DeriveGeneric
+                    , DeriveTraversable
                     , EmptyDataDecls
                     , FlexibleContexts
                     , FlexibleInstances
                     , GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving
                     , LambdaCase
-                    , PolyKinds
-                    , DeriveFunctor
-                    , DeriveTraversable
-                    , DeriveGeneric
                     , MultiParamTypeClasses
                     , PatternSynonyms
+                    , PolyKinds
+                    , RankNTypes
+                    , RecordWildCards
                     , ScopedTypeVariables
                     , StandaloneDeriving
                     , TemplateHaskell
+                    , TypeApplications
                     , TypeFamilies
                     , TypeOperators
                     , UndecidableInstances
@@ -127,8 +109,42 @@
     -O2 -funbox-strict-fields
 
 
+library
+  import:
+    deps
+  exposed-modules:
+    -- new
+    Biobase.Primary.AA
+    Biobase.Primary.Letter
+    Biobase.Primary.Nuc.RNA
+    Biobase.Primary.Unknown
+    -- old
+    Biobase.Primary
+    Biobase.Primary.Bounds
+    Biobase.Primary.Hashed
+    Biobase.Primary.IUPAC
+    Biobase.Primary.Nuc
+    Biobase.Primary.Nuc.Conversion
+    Biobase.Primary.Nuc.DNA
+    Biobase.Primary.Nuc.XNA
+    Biobase.Primary.Pretty
+    Biobase.Primary.Trans
+    Biobase.Secondary
+    Biobase.Secondary.New
+    Biobase.Secondary.Basepair
+--    Biobase.Secondary.Constraint
+    Biobase.Secondary.Convert
+    Biobase.Secondary.Diagrams
+    Biobase.Secondary.Isostericity
+    Biobase.Secondary.Pseudoknots
+    Biobase.Secondary.Structure
+    Biobase.Secondary.Vienna
 
+
+
 executable SubOptDistance
+  import:
+    deps
   build-depends: base
                , BiobaseXNA
                , cmdargs      >= 0.10
@@ -136,18 +152,12 @@
     SubOptDistance.hs
   hs-source-dirs:
     src
-  default-language:
-    Haskell2010
-  default-extensions: DeriveDataTypeable
-                    , NoMonomorphismRestriction
-                    , RecordWildCards
-                    , ScopedTypeVariables
-  ghc-options:
-    -O2
 
 
 
 test-suite properties
+  import:
+    deps
   type:
     exitcode-stdio-1.0
   main-is:
@@ -165,7 +175,6 @@
                , tasty              >= 0.11
                , tasty-quickcheck   >= 0.8
                , tasty-th           >= 0.1
-               , vector
                --
                , BiobaseXNA
 
diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE
--- a/LICENSE
+++ b/LICENSE
@@ -1,675 +1,30 @@
-              GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
-                Version 3, 29 June 2007
-
- Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>
- Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
- of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
-
-                     Preamble
-
-  The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
-software and other kinds of works.
-
-  The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
-to take away your freedom to share and change the works.  By contrast,
-the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to
-share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free
-software for all its users.  We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
-GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to
-any other work released this way by its authors.  You can apply it to
-your programs, too.
-
-  When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
-price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
-have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
-them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you
-want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new
-free programs, and that you know you can do these things.
-
-  To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you
-these rights or asking you to surrender the rights.  Therefore, you have
-certain responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if
-you modify it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.
-
-  For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
-gratis or for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same
-freedoms that you received.  You must make sure that they, too, receive
-or can get the source code.  And you must show them these terms so they
-know their rights.
-
-  Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps:
-(1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this License
-giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it.
-
-  For the developers' and authors' protection, the GPL clearly explains
-that there is no warranty for this free software.  For both users' and
-authors' sake, the GPL requires that modified versions be marked as
-changed, so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to
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-
-  Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run
-modified versions of the software inside them, although the manufacturer
-can do so.  This is fundamentally incompatible with the aim of
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-
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-avoid the special danger that patents applied to a free program could
-make it effectively proprietary.  To prevent this, the GPL assures that
-patents cannot be used to render the program non-free.
-
-  The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
-modification follow.
-
-                TERMS AND CONDITIONS
-
-  0. Definitions.
-
-  "This License" refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public License.
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-
-Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
+Copyright Christian Hoener zu Siederdissen 2011-2019
 
-  If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
-notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
+All rights reserved.
 
-    <program>  Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
-    This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
-    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
-    under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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-The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
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+    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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+    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+      copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
+      disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
+      with the distribution.
 
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-<http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.
+    * Neither the name of Christian Hoener zu Siederdissen nor the names of other
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+      from this software without specific prior written permission.
 
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diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/choener/BiobaseXNA.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/choener/BiobaseXNA)
+![github action: master](https://github.com/choener/BiobaseXNA/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg?branch=master)
+![github action: hackage](https://github.com/choener/SciBaseTypes/actions/workflows/hackage.yml/badge.svg)
 
 # BiobaseXNA
 
diff --git a/changelog.md b/changelog.md
--- a/changelog.md
+++ b/changelog.md
@@ -1,3 +1,11 @@
+0.11.0.1
+--------
+
+- version bump
+
+0.11.0.0
+--------
+
 0.10.0.0
 --------
 
